Jacksonian Democracy, 1824-1844 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Jacksonian Democracy, 1824-1844 Deck (40)
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1
Q

The election of 1824 earned this nickname because Andrew Jackson won the popular vote, but would eventually lose the presidency to John Quincy Adams in the House of Representatives.

A

Corrupt Bargain

2
Q

The Age of Jackson (Jacksonian Democracy) lasted from 1824-1844 and became known as what?

A

Age of the Common Man

3
Q

Who was the hero during the Age of Jackson?

A

The “self-made man”

4
Q

Jacksonian Democracy is known as the Age of the Common Man because of what dramatic change in American politics?

A

Expansion of white male suffrage (voting)

5
Q

Under Jacksonian Democracy, the winner of an election would place their supporters in government positions. What is the term for this?

A

Patronage (Spoils System)

6
Q

Andrew Jackson opposed and despised the special privileges of the industrialists and bankers, which he referred to as what?

A

Eastern elites

7
Q

Who became the 6th president of the United States when he won the election of 1824 (Corrupt Bargain)?

A

Pres. John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)

8
Q

What name did this protective tariff of 1828 earn, which satisfied northern manufacturers but was hated in the South. John C. Calhoun of S. Carolina began his doctrine of nullification.

A

Tariff of Abominations (1828)

9
Q

What is the term used to describe the rejection of a federal law (act by Congress) by a state.

A

Nullification

10
Q

In 1828, the South Carolina and Exposition and Protest was written by this individual who argued that a state can nullify (reject) an act by Congress it considers unconstitutional.

A

John C. Calhoun

11
Q

Who won the rematch election of 1828 between Pres. John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson?

A

Andrew Jackson

12
Q

The followers of Andrew Jackson during the election of 1828 became which party?

A

Democrats

13
Q

The followers of John Quincy Adams became which party? This party would later become the Whig Party.

A

Republicans

14
Q

Who became the 7th president of the United States and started the Age of the Common Man?

A

Pres. Andrew Jackson (1829-1837)

15
Q

Andrew Jackson was the first president from the West. He did not have a college education, became a war hero, wealthy planter, and slaveowner. Andrew Jackson exemplified what respected characteristic of the time period?

A

Self-made man

16
Q

During the Age of Jackson, party nominating conventions would have who decide the party’s candidate instead of state legislatures or political party leaders?

A

Voters

17
Q

President Andrew Jackson relied more on his friends as unofficial advisors instead of his cabinet. What was this called?

A

Jackson’s “Kitchen Cabinet”

18
Q

Which affair led to the resignation of most of Jackson’s cabinet along with his Vice President John C. Calhoun?

A

Peggy Eaton Affair

19
Q

Because of the Peggy Eaton Affair, who became Jackson’s vice president and would later become president?

A

Martin Van Buren

20
Q

In 1830, this debate increased tensions and distrust between northern and southern states. Jackson was a believer in states’ rights, but firmly opposed nullification.

A

Webster-Hayne Debate

21
Q

In 1830, this act passed by Andrew Jackson forced Indians to resettle west of the Mississippi.

A

Indian Removal Act (1830)

22
Q

In 1831, this Supreme Court case upheld the rights of Cherokees to their tribal lands.

A

Worcester v. Georgia (1831)

23
Q

What was President Andrew Jackson’s response the John Marshall’s ruling in Worcester v. Georgia court case?

A

“John Marshall has made his decision: now let him enforce it”

24
Q

The removal of the Cherokees from their homeland to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) where thousands of them died became known as what?

A

The Trail of Tears (1831-1838)

25
Q

This is the theory that a state has the right to nullify any federal law that the state deems unconstitutional. John C. Calhoun was a leading supporter of this theory.

A

Nullification

26
Q

A new tariff in 1832 satisfied northern manufacturers, but the South opposed the protective tariff. South Carolina nullified the tariff, which became known as this crisis?

A

Nullification Crisis of 1832

27
Q

In 1832, S. Carolina nullified a law imposing tariffs. Jackson moved troops into S. Carolina to collect the tariff payments. This act allowed the president to do what is necessary to enforce federal laws (used the army).

A

Force Act (1832)

28
Q

What did Jackson veto in 1832 in which he believed that this supported special privileges and sparked another two-party system between the Democrats and Whigs?

A

Second Bank of the United States

29
Q

Supporters of Henry Clay and his American System became his party who hated Jackson. This party consisted of industrialists, merchants from the northeast. This party resembled the old Federalist Party.

A

Whigs

30
Q

This party led by Jackson believed in limited government, against the national bank, lower tariffs, and state’s rights.

A

Democrats

31
Q

The Lone Star Republic was established in 1835-1836 in what war?

A

Texas War of Independence

32
Q

Jackson opposed the admission of Texas into the Union after the Texas War of Independence, because he feared that it would ignite controversy over what?

A

Expansion of Slavery

33
Q

Who was against the expansion of slavery into western territories and who supported this expansion of slavery?

A

Northerners - Against expansion

Southerners - For expansion

34
Q

This act in 1836 prevented anyone in Congress to talk about slavery.

A

The Gag Rule

35
Q

In 1836, this made anyone purchasing Western lands pay with hard currency (gold and silver). This tried to prevent speculation and inflation.

A

Specie Circular

36
Q

Who became the 8th president of the U.S. by beating William Henry Harrison (Whig)? This individual was Jackson’s vice president.

A

Pres. Martin Van Buren (1837-1841)

37
Q

Who won the rematch election of 1840 between Pres. Martin Van Buren (Democrat) and William Henry Harrison (Whig) “Old Tippecanoe.”

A

Pres. William Henry Harrison (1941)

38
Q

Who was the first president to die in office?

A

William Henry Harrison

39
Q

Who became 10th president after William Henry Harrison died?

A

Pres. John Tyler (1841-1845)

40
Q

In 1843, which territory did settlers begin to migrate too?

A

Oregon Territory (Oregon Trail)