Quiz 2 - Chapter 16 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Quiz 2 - Chapter 16 Deck (18)
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1
Q

Developmental motor disorders arising from a lesion or disorder of the brain. Disordered movement patterns are seen in the head/neck, arms, legs, and trunk. It is nonprogressive, nonhereditary, and noncontagious.

A

Cerebral palsy (CP)

2
Q

Immediate, direct result of the corticol lesion in the brain of someone with CP.

A

primary impairments

3
Q

Prenatal risk factors associated with the development of CP.

A
  • Genetic disorders
  • Maternal health factors (e.g. malnutrition, chronic stress)
  • Teratogenic agents
4
Q

Perinatal risk factors associated with the development of CP.

A
  • Prenatal conditions
  • Premature detachment of the placenta
  • Medical problems associated with prematurity
  • Multiple births
5
Q

Postnatal risk factors associated with the development of CP.

A
  • Degenerative disorders
  • Infections
  • Alcohol or drug intoxication transferred through breastfeeding
  • Anoxic ischemic encephalopathy
  • Trauma
6
Q

1) Abnormal muscle tone
2) Persistence of primitive reflexes
3) Atypical righting, equilibrium, and protective responses
4) Poor sensory processing
5) Joint hypermobility
6) Muscle weakness and poor muscle coactivation
7) Delays in typical progressing of motor skills and adaptive function
8) Decreased exploration of the environment

A

Common problems of Motor Development in children with CP.

7
Q

The force with which a muscle resists being lengthened and can also be defined as the muscle’s resting stiffness.

A

Muscle tone

8
Q
  • Normal muscle tone
  • Normal postural tone
  • Developmental integration of early, primitive reflex patterns.
  • Emergence of righting reactions, equilibrium reactions, and protective extension reactions.
  • Intentional, voluntary movements against the forces of gravity.
  • The ability to combine movement patterns in the performance of functional activities.
A

Postural mechanism

9
Q

CP affecting one extremity is commonly referred to as this…

A

monoplegia

10
Q

CP affecting upper and lower extremities on one side of the body…

A

hemiplegia

11
Q

CP affecting both lower extremities…

A

diplegia or paraplegia

12
Q

CP affecting all limbs…

A

quadraplegia

13
Q

CP affecting all limbs and the head/neck…

A

tetraplegia

14
Q

Four main types of movement disorder classifications for CP -

A

1) spastic
2) dyskinetic
3) ataxic
4) mixed

15
Q

A velocity-dependent resistance to stretch. (Associated with clonus, an extensor plantar response, and primitive reflexes.) When a child with this type of CP attempts to move, excessive muscle tone builds up and then is rapidly released. Results in poor control of voluntary movement and difficulty regulating the force of movement.

A

spasticity (Spastic CP)

16
Q

Includes athetoid, choreoathetoid, and dystonic CP. (Typically quadriplegia is seen in all three of these types.) Child will exhibit slow, writhing movements in combination with abrupt, irregular, and jerky movements. .

A

Dyskinetic CP (Dyskinesias)

17
Q

This type of CP has less effect on muscle tone, but greatly impacts balance and coordination. These children often appear clumsy and may have tremors involuntarily and at rest.

A

Ataxic CP (Ataxia)

18
Q

These are often used to help elongate tight muscles and correct misalignments in thumb web space, wrist, and fingers in children with spastic CP.

A

Orthoses