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From Flashcardlet > 2 A&P II Lab Exercise 13 Female Reproductive > Flashcards

2 A&P II Lab Exercise 13 Female Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

What are the gonads of the female?

A

Ovaries

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2
Q

What is the product of an ovary?

A

Female gamete, ovum

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3
Q

What is fertilization?

A

The union of the ovum and a sperm

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4
Q

What is produced from fertilization?

A

Zygote

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5
Q

What is oogenesis?

A

The development of the ovum in the ovarian follicle

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6
Q

What are the broad ligaments?

A

Folds of the parietal peritoneum that envelope the uterus and uterine tubes, attaching them to the lateral body walls, and supports the ovaries posteriorly

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7
Q

What are the round ligaments?

A

Fibrous cords extending from the uterus to the labia majora that provide attachment of the uterus to the body wall

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8
Q

What are the ovarian ligaments?

A

THe medial supports of the ovaries, running from the uterus on each side to the ovaries

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9
Q

What are the suspensory ligaments?

A

THe lateral attachments of the ovaries to the pelvis wall

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10
Q

What ligaments keep the uterus anteverted?

A

Round ligaments

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11
Q

How large does the external os at the cervix dilate during childbirth?

A

10 cm

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12
Q

What is the germinal epithelium?

A

A layer of simple cuboidal epithelium covering the surface of the ovary

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13
Q

What is the tunica albuginea?

A

A CT capsule immediately beneath the germinal epithelium

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14
Q

What is the stroma?

A

An area of CT deep to the tunica albuginea, the ovarian follicles are found in the outer region, the cortex

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15
Q

What is the ovarian follicle?

A

The immature ovum within a saclike structure composed of one to several layers of cells

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16
Q

What is a primary follicle?

A

One or two layers of cells surrounding a primary oocyte

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17
Q

What is a secondary follicle?

A

Several layers of cells around the secondary oocyte and the beginning of a fluid filled cavity, the antrum

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18
Q

What is a grafian follicle?

A

A mature follicle with a large fluid filled cavity containing an immature ovum (secondary oocyte)

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19
Q

What is a corpus luteum?

A

THe mature ovarian follicle that has ruptured to release the ovum

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20
Q

What does the corpus luteum do if fertilization has occurred?

A

Acts as an endocrine gland as it secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone during the first part of pregnancy and relaxin and inhibin are secreted in later stages

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21
Q

What is a corpus albicans?

A

A scar tissue formed from the corpus luteum when fertilization does not occur

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22
Q

What hormones does the corpus luteum secrete?

A

Estrogen
Progesterone
Relaxin
Inhibin

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23
Q

What hormones does the anterior pituitary secrete?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

Leutinizing hormone

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24
Q

When does meiosis start?

A

In utero - cells stop in prophase

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25
Q

When does meiosis restart?

A

Puberty

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26
Q

What phase of meiosis does the oocyte stop in when in the fallopian tube?

A

Metaphase II

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27
Q

When does the oocyte continue with anaphase and telephase II?

A

When the sperm eats through the membrane

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28
Q

What does the zona pellucida act as?

A

The final barrier for sperm to break through

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29
Q

When does the corpus luteum stay active until?

A

Until the placenta is made

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30
Q

What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?

A

It shrinks and scars into a corpus albicans

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31
Q

How many chromosomes does a daughter cell from meiosis have?

A

23 chromosomes - it is haploid

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32
Q

Why does meiosis result in haploid cells?

A

So that when the sperm and ovum unite they produce a cell with the correct number of chromosomes

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33
Q

What is the progression of follicles?

A 
Primordial follicle
Primary
Secondary 
Grafian
Corpus luteum
Corpus albicans
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34
Q

What is the infundibulum?

A

The distal, funnel shaped, open end of an oviduct near an ovary

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35
Q

What is the fimbriae?

A

The fingerlike projections surrounding the opening of the infundibulum

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36
Q

What is the ampulla?

A

THe widest and longest part of the uterine tube

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37
Q

WHat is the isthmus?

A

The narrow thick walled part that joins the uterus

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38
Q

What is the fundus?

A

The uppermost, dome shaped part of the uterus

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39
Q

What is the body?

A

The major, tapering part of the uterus

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40
Q

What is the cervix?

A

The lower, conical portion that projects into the vagina

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41
Q

What is the uterine cavity?

A

The cavity within the body of the uterus

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42
Q

What is the cervical canal?

A

The cavity within the cervix; continuous with the vaginal lumen

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43
Q

What are the layers of the uterine wall?

A
  1. perimetrium
  2. myometrium
  3. endometrium
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44
Q

What is the outermost layer of the uterine wall?

A

Perimetrium

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45
Q

What is the myometrium?

A

The bulk of the uterine wall, composed of three layers of smooth muscle tissue that aids in the expulsion of the fetus

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46
Q

What is the endometrium?

A

The inner mucous membrane of the uterus with many glands and blood vessels

47
Q

What happens to the endometrium?

A

Prepares each moth for implantation of a zygote, and if this does not occur, it is shed during menstruation

48
Q

What layer of the endometrium is permanent?

A

The outer layer is the permanent layer that produces the inner one

49
Q

What are the functions of the vagina?

A

Female copulatory organ
Canal for menstrual flow
Birth canal

50
Q

What is the mons pubis?

A

A mound of adipose tissue covered with skin and hair, that lies over the symphysis pubis

51
Q

What is the labia majora?

A

Large hair covered paired folds extending posteriorly from the mons pubis

52
Q

WHat is the labia minora?

A

Two small folds of mucous membrane situated within the labia majora

53
Q

What is the vestibule?

A

The space between the labia minora, containing the hymen and the openings of the vagina, urethra, and vestibular glands

54
Q

What is the vaginal and urethral orifice?

A

The opening of the vagina and urethra to the outside of the body

55
Q

What is the hymen?

A

A fold of mucous membrane over the vaginal orifice

56
Q

What is the clitoris?

A

A small mass of erectile tissue at the anterior junction of the labia minora, homologous to the penis

57
Q

What are the vestibular glands?

A

Mucous secreting glands within the labia minora

58
Q

What structure produces oxytocin?

A

Hypothalamus produces it, posterior pituitary releases it

59
Q

What does oxytocin do?

A

Milk let down and uterus contraction

60
Q

Where is prolactin produced?

A

Anterior pituitary

61
Q

1

A

Fimbriae

62
Q

2

A

Ovary

63
Q

3

A

Fallopian tube

64
Q

4

A

Pubic symphysis

65
Q

5

A

Mons pubis

66
Q

6

A

Clitoris

67
Q

7

A

Labia minora

68
Q

8

A

Labia majora

69
Q

9

A

Anus

70
Q

10

A

Vagina

71
Q

11

A

Urethra

72
Q

12

A

Rectum

73
Q

13

A

Bladder

74
Q

14

A

Uterus

75
Q

15

A

Mons pubis

76
Q

16

A

Prepuce of clitoris

77
Q

17

A

Clitoris

78
Q

18

A

Urethral orifice

79
Q

19

A

Perineum

80
Q

20

A

Anus

81
Q

21

A

Bartholin’s glands

82
Q

22

A

Hymen

83
Q

23

A

Labia majora

84
Q

24

A

Labia minora

85
Q

25

A

Vestibule

86
Q

26

A

Vaginal orifice

87
Q

27

A

Fundus

88
Q

28

A

Isthmus

89
Q

29

A

Ampulla

90
Q

30

A

Infundibulum

91
Q

31

A

Ovary

92
Q

32

A

Fimbriae

93
Q

33

A

Ovarian ligament

94
Q

34

A

Broad ligament

95
Q

35

A

Suspensory ligament

96
Q

36

A

Body

97
Q

37

A

Fallopian tube

98
Q

38

A

Rugae of vagina

99
Q

39

A

Cervix

100
Q

40

A

Cervical os

101
Q

41

A

Perimetrium

102
Q

42

A

Myometrium

103
Q

43

A

Endometrium

104
Q

44

A

Primordial follicles

105
Q

45

A

Primary follicles

106
Q

46

A

Secondary follicles

107
Q

47

A

Tertiary follicle

108
Q

48

A

Grafian follicle

109
Q

49

A

Discharged oocyte

110
Q

50

A

Corpus luteum

111
Q

51

A

Antrum

112
Q

52

A

Germinal epithelium

113
Q

53

A

Tunica albuginea

114
Q

54

A

Ovary

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