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From Flashcardlet > Med Term 12 > Flashcards

Med Term 12 Flashcards

1
Q

aque/o

A

water

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2
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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3
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

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4
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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5
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea

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6
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body

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7
Q

ir/o

A

iris

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8
Q

irid/o

A

iris

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9
Q

lacrim/o

A

tear

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10
Q

dacry/o

A

tear

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11
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

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12
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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13
Q

opt/o

A

eye

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14
Q

phac/o

A

lens

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15
Q

phak/o

A

lens

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16
Q

phot/o

A

light

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17
Q

presby/o

A

old age

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18
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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19
Q

scler/o

A

sclera

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20
Q

vitre/o

A

glassy

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21
Q

-opia

A

condition of vision

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22
Q

anterior chamber

A

fluid filled pace between the cornea and iris

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23
Q

aqueous humor

A

watery liquid secreted at the ciliary body that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens

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24
Q

canal of Schlemm

A

duct in the anterior chamber that carries filtered aqueous humor to the veins and bloodstream

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25
Q

choroid

A

vascular layer beneath the sclera that provides nourishment to the outer portion of the retina

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26
Q

ciliary body

A

ring of muscle behind the peripheral iris that controls the power of the lens

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27
Q

ciliary muscle

A

smooth muscle portion of the ciliary body, which contracts to assist in near vision capability

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28
Q

ciliary processes

A

epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of the ciliary body that secrete aqueous humor

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29
Q

conjunctiva

A

mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball

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30
Q

cornea

A

transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract light to focus a visual image

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31
Q

eyelid (palpebra)

A

movable protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye

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32
Q

fovea centralis

A

pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lute that is the site of sharpest vision

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33
Q

fundus

A

interior surface of the eyeball including the retina, optic disk, macula, and posterior pole

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34
Q

glands of Zeis

A

oil glands surrounding the eyelashes

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35
Q

meibomian glands

A

oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids

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36
Q

iris

A

colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil

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37
Q

lacrimal gland

A

gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears

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38
Q

lacrimal ducts

A

tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac

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39
Q

lacrimal sac

A

structure that collects tears before emptying into the nasolacrimal duct

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40
Q

lens

A

tranparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays of the retina

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41
Q

lens capsule

A

capsule that encloses the lens

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42
Q

macula lutea

A

central region of the retina responsible for central vision; yellow pigment provides its color

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43
Q

nasolacrimal duct

A

passageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nose

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44
Q

optic disk

A

exit site of retinal nerve fibers, as well as the entrance point for retinal arteries and the exit point for retinal veins

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45
Q

optic nerve

A

nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sigh from the retina to the brain

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46
Q

posterior chamber

A

space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous filled with aqueous fluid

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47
Q

pupil

A

black circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye

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48
Q

retina

A

innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve

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49
Q

cones

A

cone shaped cells within the retina that are color sensitive and respond to bright light

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50
Q

rods

A

rod shaped cell within the retina that respond to dim light

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51
Q

sclera

A

tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve

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52
Q

trabecular meshwork

A

mesh like structure in the anterior chamber that filters the aqueous humor as it flows in to the canal of Schlemm

53
Q

vitreous

A

jelly like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye

54
Q

asthenopia

A

eyestrain

55
Q

blepharospasm

A

involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the ye, causing uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing

56
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

57
Q

exophthalmos

A

abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs

58
Q

lacrimation

A

secretion of tears

59
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary, rapid oscillating movement of the eyeball

60
Q

photophobia

A

extreme sensitivity to, and discomfort from, light

61
Q

scotoma

A

blind spot in vision

62
Q

refractive errors

A

defects in the bending of light as it enters the eye, causing an improper focus on the reina

63
Q

astigmatism

A

distorted vision caused by an oblong of cylindrical curvature of the lens or cornea that represents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina

64
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness; difficulty seeing close objects when light rays extend beyond the proper focus on the retina

65
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness; difficulty seeing distant objects when light rays fall short of the proper focus on the retina

66
Q

presbyopia

A

impaired vision owing to old age loos of accommodation

67
Q

accommodation

A

ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects

68
Q

ambylopia

A

decreased vision in early life due to a functional defect that can occur as a result of strabismus, refractive errors, or trauma; usually occurs in one eye, aka lazy eye

69
Q

aphakia

A

absence of the lens, usually after cataract extraction

70
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelid

71
Q

blepharochalsis

A

baggy eyelid; overabunance and loss of elasticity of skin on the upper eyelid, causing a old of skin to hand down over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open

72
Q

dermatochalasis

A

baggy eyelid; overabunance and loss of elasticity of skin on the upper eyelid, causing a old of skin to hand down over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open

73
Q

blepharoptosis

A

drooping of the eyelid usually caused by paralysis

74
Q

ptosis

A

drooping of the eyelid usually caused by paralysis

75
Q

chalazion

A

chronic nodular inflammation of a meibomian gland, usually the result of a blocked duct; commonly presents as a swelling on the upper or lower eyelid

76
Q

cataract

A

opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision

77
Q

conjunctivitis

A

pinkeye; inflammation of the conjunctiva

78
Q

dacryoadenitis

A

inflammation of the lacrimal gland

79
Q

dacryocystitis

A

inflammation of the tear sac

80
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

disease of the retina in diabetics characterized by capillary leakage, bleeding, and new vessel formation, leading to scarring and loss of vision

81
Q

ectropion

A

outward turning of the rim of the eyelid

82
Q

entropion

A

inward turning of the rim of the eyelid

83
Q

epiphora

A

abnormal overflow of tears caused by blockage of the lacrimal duct

84
Q

glucoma

A

group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the optic nerve, producing defects in vision

85
Q

hordeolum

A

sty; an acute infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid

86
Q

iritis

A

inflammation of the iris

87
Q

keratitis

A

inflammation of the cornea

88
Q

macular degeneration

A

breakdown or thinning of the tissues in the macula, resulting in partial or complete loss of central vision

89
Q

pseudophakia

A

eye in which the natural lens is replaced with an artificial lens implant

90
Q

pterygium

A

fibrous growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea

91
Q

retinal detachment

A

separation of the retina from the underlying epithelium, disrupting vision and resulting in blinds if not repaired surgically

92
Q

retinitis

A

inflammation of the retina

93
Q

strabismus

A

crossed eyes; condition of eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance

94
Q

heterotropia

A

crossed eyes; condition of eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance

95
Q

esotropia

A

right or left eye deviates inward toward the nose

96
Q

exotropia

A

right or left eye deviates outward away from the nose

97
Q

scleritis

A

inflammation of the sclera

98
Q

trichiasis

A

misdirected eyelashes that rub on the conjunctiva or cornea

99
Q

distance visual acuity

A

measure of the ability to see the details and shape of identifiable objects from a specified distance typically using a Snellen chart

100
Q

fluorescein angiography

A

visualization and photography of retinal and choroidal vessels made as fluorescein dye, which is injected into a vein, circulates through the eye

101
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

use of an ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye

102
Q

refraction

A

measurement of refractive errors using a phoropter to determine best corrected vision and prescription for eye glasses or contact lenses

103
Q

phoropter

A

instrument that holds corrective lenses in front of the eye to determine optical correction

104
Q

slit lamp biomicroscopy

A

use of a tabletop microscope to examine the eye, especially the cornea, lens, fluids, and membranes

105
Q

sonography

A

use of high frequency sound waves to detect pathology within the eye such as foreign bodies or a detached retina

106
Q

tonometry

A

use of a tonometer to measure intraocular pressure, which is elevated in glaucoma

107
Q

blepharoplasty

A

surgical repair of an eyelid

108
Q

cataract extraction

A

excision of a cloudy lens from the eye

109
Q

cryoretinopexy

A

use of intense cold to seal a hole or tear in the retina; used to treat retinal detachment

110
Q

cryopexy

A

use of intense cold to seal a hole or tear in the retina; used to treat retinal detachment

111
Q

dacryocystectomy

A

excision of a lacrimal sac

112
Q

enucleation

A

excision of an eyeball

113
Q

iridectomy

A

excision of a portion of iris tissue

114
Q

iridotomy

A

incision into the iris to allow for drainage of aqueous humor from the posterior to anterior chamber; used to treat a type of galucoma

115
Q

keratoplasty

A

corneal transplant; replacement of a diseased or scarred cornea with a healthy one from a matched donor

116
Q

laser surgery

A

use of a laser to make incisions or destroy tissue

117
Q

laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)

A

technique using the excimer laser to reshape the surface of the cornea to correct refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism

118
Q

intraocular lens (IOL) implant

A

implantation of an artificial lens to replace a defective natural lens

119
Q

phacoemulsification

A

use of ultrasound to shatter and break up a cataract with aspiration and removal

120
Q

scleral buckling

A

surgery to treat retinal detachment by placing a band of silicone around the sclera to cinch it toward the middle of the eye and relieve pull on the retina - often combined with other techniques to seal retinal tears such as cryoretinopexy

121
Q

trabeculectomy

A

removal of a portion of the trabecular meshwork to increase the flow of aqueous humor from the eye; used in treatment of acute glaucoma or glaucoma not treatable with medication

122
Q

contact lens

A

small plastic curved disk with optical correction that fits over the cornea; used to correct refractive errors

123
Q

eye instillation

A

introduction of a medicated solution in the eye

124
Q

eye irrigation

A

washing of the eye with water or other fluid

125
Q

antibiotic ophthalmic solution

A

antimicrobrial agent in solution, used to treat bacterial infections

126
Q

cycloplegic

A

agent that paralyzes the ciliary muscle and powers of accommodation; commonly used in pediatric eye examinations

127
Q

mydriatic

A

agent that causes dilation of the pupil

128
Q

miotic

A

agent that causes the pupil to contract

129
Q

IOL

A

intraocular lens

From Flashcardlet (133 decks)

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