27.6.2013(SPM,waste Management,occupational Health,genetics,mental Health) 50 Flashcards
(161 cards)
0
Q
Yellow bag contains
A
1,2,3,6
1
Q
Composition of hospital waste
A
1% sharps 1.5% infectious wastes 4% glass 10% plastics 15% paper 15% rags 53.5% general waste
2
Q
Red bag contains
A
3,6,7
3
Q
Bag which is translucent
A
Blue
4
Q
Blue bag contains
A
4,7
5
Q
Black bag contains
A
5,9,10
6
Q
Disposal of coloured bags
A
Secured landfill(black)
Incineration/deep burial(yellow bag)
Autoclave/microwave/chemical treatment(red bag)
Autoclave/microwave/chemical treatment/destruction/shredding(blue bag)
7
Q
Wastes that don’t require bag
A
3,8,10
8
Q
Process of mixing cement with biomedical waste
A
Inertization
9
Q
Components of inertisation
A
65% pharmaceuticals
15% lime
15% cement
5% water
10
Q
Mechanical processes of BMW disposal
A
Compacting Landfill Shredding Encapsulation Inertisation
11
Q
Plasma arc
A
Ionised gas at 2000 C is used to treat waste
12
Q
Vermicomposting
A
Use of earthworms,cow dung,coconut husk for composting
13
Q
Scientific name of earth worm
A
Eisenia foetida
14
Q
Incineration
A
High temperature dry oxidation process
15
Q
Types of incinerators
A
Single chamber pyrolitic
Dual chamber pyrolitic
Rotary klin
16
Q
Disadvantage of incineration
A
Generation of smoke
17
Q
Incineration reduces waste volume by
A
70-80%
18
Q
Temperature n incinerator
A
Primary chamber 800+/-50
Secondary chamber 1050+/-50
19
Q
Characteristics of wastes suitable for incineration
A
Low heating volume Combustibles greater than 60% Non combustible solids less than 5% Non combustible fines less than 20% Moisture content less than 30%
20
Q
Disposal of mercury
A
Recycling
21
Q
Most commonly reported disease in post disaster phase
A
Gastroenteritis
22
Q
Foremost step for disease control in post disaster phase
A
Chlorination
23
Q
Definition of disaster according to Colin grant
A
Injury or illness simultaneously to atleast 30 people who will require emergency hospital management
24
Effective strategy for disease prevention and control in post disaster phase
Supply of safe drinking water and disposal of excreta
25
Common micronutrient deficiency in disasters
1.Vitamin A
Vit C
Niacin
Iron
26
Mitigation
Measures to prevent hazards from causing emergency or lessen the effects of emergency
27
Triage sieve
To separate dead from walking and injured
28
Triage system
1. Red (immediate limb/life saving surgery in 6hours)
2. yellow(limb or life saving surgery in 24hours)
3. green(ambulatory patients)
4. black (moribund/dead pts)
29
Phases of disaster containment
Primary(0-6hrs) first aid
Secondary(6-24hrs) transportation,sanitation,immunisation
Tertiary clean up(1-60days) food,clothing,shelter,employment,rehabilitation
30
Body temperature in various diseases caused due to high temperature
```
Heat hyperpyrexia(less than 102 C)
Heat exhaustion(more than 106 C)
Heat stroke (upto 110 C)
```
31
Particles that settle down by gravity
Greater than 10microns
32
Behaviour of particles based on sizes
5-10microns(settle in upper respiratory tract)
3-5microns(deposited in mid respiratory tract)
1-3microns(reach alveoli)
Less than 1microns(brownian movement)
33
Antigen involved in bagassosis
Thermoactinomycetes sacchari
Thermoactinomycetes vulgaris
Micropolyspora faeni
34
Antigen in farmers lung
Micropolyspora faeni
35
Antigen in compost lung
Aspergillus
36
Antigen in chemical workers lung
Isocyanates
37
Time period after which asbestosis occurs
5-10yrs
38
Fungicide used to prevent bagassosis
2% propionic acid
39
Most common mode of lead poisoning
Inhalation
40
Earliest and most consistent sign of lead poisoning
Facial pallor
41
GIT effects of lead poisoning
Constipation
| Diarrhoea may also occur
42
Blood lead levels at which clinical symptoms appear
Greater than 70mcg/dl
43
Screening test for lead poisoning
Urine coproporphyrin greater than 150mcg/L
44
Delta aminolevulinic acid levels in urine in lead poisoning
Greater than 5mg/L
45
Urine lead levels indicative of lead poisoning
>0.8mg/L
46
______% of occupational cancers are skin cancers
75%
47
Type of occupational skin cancers
SCC
48
Carcinogens causing lung cancer
```
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Nickel
Arsenic
Radon
Silica
Ionising radiation
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
```
49
Carcinogens causing leukemia
Benzene
| Ethylene oxide
50
Carcinogens causing sinus malignancy
Nickel
Chromium
Wood dust
51
Bladder carcinogens
```
Beta naphthylamine
Benzidine
Magenta
Auramine
Paraamino-diphenyl
Cyclophosphamide
Phenacetin
```
52
Gases implicated in DCS
Nitrogen
Trimix
Heliox
53
Rate of absenteeism reported in India
8-10 days per worker per year
54
Post placement medical examination,periodicity
Annually
Monthly for lead,radium and dyes
Daily for dichromate exposure
55
Types of ergonomics
Physical
Cognitive
Organisational
56
Ergonomics
Application of scientific information concerning objects,systems and environment for human use
57
Factories act was enacted in
1948
58
Definition of factory
10 or more persons where power is used
| 20 or more persons where power is not used
59
Number of safety officers in factory
1 safety officer per 1000 workers
60
Welfare recommendations for factory workers
1 welfare officer per 500 workers
1 canteen for greater than 250 workers
1 crèche for greater than 30 women workers
61
Work of adolescents according to factories act
15-18 yrs
After being declared fit by a certifying surgeon
Maximum of 4 1/2 hours of work per day
1 day leave per 15 days of work
62
Hours of work according to factories act
48 hrs per week(9 hrs per day)
| 60 hrs including overtime
63
ESI act was enacted in
1948
64
ESI act excludes
Mines
Defence
Railways
Educational institutions
65
Chairman of ESI corporation
Union Minister for labour
66
ESI act doesn't cover
```
Nagaland
Arunachal pradesh
Mizoram
Sikkim
Manipur
Tripura
Delhi
Chandigarh
Pondicherry
```
67
Finance of ESI
Employer 4.75%
Employee 1.75%
State and central government 1:7
68
ESI act covers employees(salary)
Less than 15,000 per month
69
Sickness benefit
50% of salary for 91 days
70
Extended sickness benefit
Pay for 309 days for a set of 34 diseases if he has worked continuously for 2 yrs
71
Enhanced sickness benefit
Full average daily wage for 7 days in vasectomy and 14 days in tubectomy
72
Diseases covered under extended sickness benefit
```
Monoplegia
Paraplegia
Hemiplegia
Hemiparesis
Mental diseases
CCF
MI
retinal detachment
Glaucoma
Immature Cataract with vision 6/60
Diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy
CRF
TB
HIV
leprosy
Aplastic Anemia
```
73
Maternity benefit
Full average daily wage for
12weeks(confinement)
6 weeks(miscarriage or MTP)
4 weeks(sickness out of confinement,premature birth)
74
Temporary disablement benefit
90% of average daily wages till recovery
75
Permanent disablement benefit
Pension(partial/full) as worked out by a medical board
76
Undesirable diseases in workers for dye industry
Skin,bladder,kidney disease
Asthma
Precancerous lesions
77
Dependants benefit
Pension at rate of 70% of wages
78
Funeral expenses
Cash not exceeding 5000 rupees
79
Leave according to factories act
```
Adolescents
1 day for 15 days of work
Can accumulate for 40 days
Adults
1 day for 20 days of work
Can accumulate for 30 days
```
80
Complete human genome was sequenced in
April,2003
Project started in 1990
81
Hardy Weinberg law fails if
```
Small populations
Non random mating
Assortative mating
Mutations
Natural selection
Migration
Gene flow
Genetic drift
Dynamic population
```
82
Most common mental illness causing loss of DALY
Unipolar depression
83
Most common mental illness causing death
Alzheimer's and other dementia
84
The incidence of mental illness is maximum if the causal factors affect which age group
First five years of life
85
Components of IDEA
```
Indian disability evaluation and assessment scale
Self care
Social relationships
Communication and understanding
Work
```
86
Incidence of chromosomal abnormalities per 1000 live births
5.6%
87
Arrange an idiot,imbecile and moron according to level of intelligence
Idiot(0-24)
Imbecile
Moron
88
Radioactive materials emitted in Chernobyl nuclear accident
I 131
Cs 134
Cs 137
Sr 90
89
Rights included in COPRA
Right to be informed
Right to choose
Right to seek redressal
90
Clean water supply in post disaster phase
15 L per person per day
91
Acculturation takes place by
Education
Industrialisation
Trade and commerce
92
Acquisition of skills is known as
psychomotor learning
93
Which bag should not be incinerated
Red bag
| As it contains cadmium
94
Time required for coal workers pneumoconiosis
12 yrs
95
White fingers occur due to
Vibration
96
Monday fever is associated with
Byssinosis
97
Index of insanitation
Houseflies
98
Porters of infection
House flies
99
Dispersal of houseflies
4 miles
100
Breeding places of houseflies
1. Fresh Horse manure
2. Human excreta
3. Other animal excreta
4. Garbage
5. Decaying fruits and vegetables
6. Rubbish dumps containing organic matter
7. Ground where liquid wastes are spilled
101
Headquarters of WHO
Geneva
102
WHO came into force on
7th April 1948
103
Headquarters of which organisations are in geneva
WHO
IURC
ILO
104
Headquarters of which organisms are in newyork
UNICEF
| UNDP
105
Headquarters of FAO is in
Rome
106
Supreme governing body of WHO
World health assembly
107
Chief technical and administrative unit of WHO
Secretariat
108
WHO regional headquarters for southeast Asia
New Delhi
109
World health day theme of 2013
High blood pressure
110
GOBI FFF
Growth chart
ORS
Breast feeding
Immunisation
Female education
Family spacing
Food supplements
111
Diseases under international surveillance
```
Epidemic typhus
Relapsing fever
Polio
Salmonellosis
Malaria
Influenza
Rabies
```
EMPIRReS
112
Tropical diseases targeted for research and training
```
Trypanosomiasis
Schistosomiasis
Malaria
Filaria
Leishmaniasis
Leprosy
```
113
List of quarantinable diseases
```
Diphtheria
Small pox
Plague
Infectious TB
Viral hemorrhagic fever
SARS
yellow fever
```
IVY DSSP
114
Antileprosy day
30 January
115
World cancer day
4th February
116
No smoking day
2nd Wednesday of march
117
International women's day
8th march
118
World disabled day
15 march
119
Anti TB day
24 march
120
World health day
7th April
121
World Red Cross day
8th may
122
No tobacco day
31st may
123
World environment day
5th June
124
International day against drug abuse and trafficking
26th june
125
Doctors day
1st july
126
World population day
11th july
127
World literacy day
8th September
128
World rabies day
28th September
129
International day for older persons
1st October
130
National voluntary blood donation day
1st October
131
World disaster reduction day
2nd Wednesday of October
132
World sight day
9th october
133
World mental health day
10th October
134
UN day
24th October
135
Universal immunisation day
10th November
136
International day for elimination of violence against women
25th november
137
World AIDS day
1st December
138
International day of disabled persons
3rd December
139
World human rights day
10th December
140
Diseases under international health regulation
```
Notifiable diseases
Cholera
Plague
Yellow fever
SARS
Influenza
Small pox
Poliomyelitis
```
SIPPY SC
141
Nobel prize for DDT properties elucidation
Paul.H.Muller
142
Life cycle of plasmodium was discovered by
Ronald Ross
143
First antibiotic against TB
Streptomycin
144
Who discovered streptomycin
Walksman
145
Who invented CT scan
Godfrey hounsfield
146
Who invented MRI
Peter Mansfield
147
Nobel prize for finding link between HPV and cervical cancer
Hausen
148
Nobel prize for HIV related work
Sinnoussi and montagnair
149
Nobel prize for In vitro fertilisation
Robert.G.Edwards
150
WHO SEARO
```
Nepal
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Sri Lanka
Maldives
Indonesia
Korea
Thailand
```
151
Role of UNDP
Main source of funds for technical assistance
152
Active surveillance in India is done for
Malaria
| Leprosy
153
Characteristics of surveillance
```
Continuous activity
Feedback present
Inbuilt action component present
Continues even after disease is eliminated/eradicated
Broader concept
```
154
First country to introduce socialised medicine
Russia
155
First country to introduce compulsory sickness benefit
Germany
156
First country to introduce family planning programme
India
First country to introduce blindness control programme
157
Brach of medicine dealing with classification of diseases
Nosology
158
Quarantine was first introduced by which country
Croatia
159
World health report 2008
Public policy reforms
Leadership reforms
Universal coverage
Service delivery reforms
160
World health report 2010
Budgets
Innovative financing
Revenue collection
Development assistance
