8.6.2013(FM) 31 Flashcards
(118 cards)
0
Q
Contusions caused due to finger pressure
A
Six penny bruises
1
Q
Ectopic bruise
A
Raccoon eye
Battle sign
Spectacle hematoma
2
Q
Contusion that typically does not show typical color change
A
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
Remains red till end finally turning yellow..
Direct contact with oxygen
3
Q
Diff btw laceration and incised looking wound
A
Fracture underneath Bridging tissue Hairs are crushed Slight irregularity in margin Contused margin Are features of split laceration
4
Q
Incised wound looking like laceration
A
Neck(platysma)
Scrotum
Due to retraction
5
Q
Flaying
A
Avulsion laceration
6
Q
Stretch lacerations are commonly seen over
A
Inguinal region
e.g.,tyre passing over abdomen
7
Q
Incised wound characters
A
Spindle shaped
Length more than depth
Maximum depth at begining
8
Q
Marginal contusion is seen in
A
Heavy cutting weapon
9
Q
Incised wound with underlying bone cut underneath
A
Heavy cutting weapon
10
Q
Bevelling of edges is seen in
A
Incised wound by heavy cutting weapon
11
Q
Structure spared in suicidal cut throat
A
Carotid artery
12
Q
Features of self inflicted cuts
A
Superficial
Multiple
Depth same at all places
Parallel
13
Q
Exit wound is larger in
A
Gun shot
14
Q
Length of stab wound may be less than width of weapon due to
A
Gaping
15
Q
Entrance wound produced by single edged knife
A
Wedge shape
16
Q
Double edged weapon produces
A
Spindle shaped entrance wound
17
Q
Rubber tapper knife produces
A
Boat shaped injury
18
Q
Smooth bore firearms
A
Shotgun
Country gun
19
Q
Calibre of rifled firearms
A
Maximum distance between two opposite lands
20
Q
Bullet composition
A
Cupronickel covering
Lead core
21
Q
Primer is made of
A
Lead
Barium
Antimony
22
Q
Black gun powder is used in
A
Smooth bore gun cartridge
23
Q
Length travelled by various substances when a gun is fired
A
Expanding gases<wad
24
Contact shot
Stellate entry wound(over skull)
| Imprint abrasion of muzzle
25
Fire from gun shot produces
Burning around entrance wound
| Singeing of hair
26
Smoke from gunfire produces
Smudging
27
Unburned gunpowder produces
Tattooing /stippling/peppering
28
Abrasion/contusion collar is seen in
Rifled firearm
| Rotation of bullet produces it
29
Dirt collar is produced by
Grease
30
Entrance wound appearance of firearm fired from intermediate range
```
Entrance wound
Abrasion collar
Grease collar
Singeing
Blackening
PEPPERING
```
31
A bullet lodged inside body,range?
Long range
32
Richochet bullet injury features
```
Abrasion collar absent(all additional effects are lost)
Bullet located superficially
Single/multiple entrance wound
Large and irregular injury
Deformed bullet
Foreign objects
```
33
Large entrance wound in gunshot wound
Stellate wound
| Richochet bullet
34
Entrance bullet wound
Inverted edges
Exit wound: everted
35
Diff btw Stellate entry and exit wound
Edges can be approximated in exit wound
36
Atypical entrance wound
Kennedy phenomenon
Balling of shots
fouling
Richocheting
37
Balling
Melted wax is poured into cartridge
38
Fouling
Small pieces of metal from rifle producing injury
39
Gunshot injury in the skull in exit wound
Bevelling of outer table
| Inner table clean punched out wound
40
Order of appearance of fracture
Puppe rule
Second fracture cannot cross first one
41
Abrasion collar in exit wound is seen in
Shored exit
| Exit supported by some object
42
Paradox gun
Rifled smoothbore firearm
43
Keyhole injury
Tangential entry of bullet
44
Recoil abrasion
Muzzle imprint
45
One entrance and two exit wounds can be produced by
Tandem bullet
46
Dumdum bullet
Tip of bullet is hollow
47
Souvenir bullet can produce damaging effects only in
Joint cavity
| Synovial fluid dissolves lead resulting in lead poisoning
48
Incendiary bullet
Phosphorus is added
49
Secondary marking
Individual characteristic
| Manufacturable defect
50
Primary marking
Class characteristics
| Rifling of gun
51
Fingerprint of gun
Secondary marking
52
Tissue quake
Shock wave producing injury on side of bullet track in gunshot injury
53
Tissue quake is seen in
Brain
| Liver
54
Large Stellate gunshot injury is seen in
Entrance or exit
55
Wad causes injury upto a distance of
2metres
56
Complete dispersion of pellets in shotgun injury starts at
>1metre
57
Shot gun,<1 feet
Single entrance wound
58
Shotgun,1ft-1metre
Partial dispersion
59
Range of shot gun
35-40metres
60
False positive dermal nitrate test
Urine
| Nicotine
61
Best test to detect suicidal gunshot
Scanning electron microscope
62
Characteristic pedestrian injury in RTA
Bumper injury
63
Classical primary impact injury
Bumper fracture
64
Bumper fracture
Wedge fracture of tibia
65
Both legs injured in bumper fracture
Person was standing
In running or walking person: only one leg injured
66
Most serious injury in RTA
Secondary injury
67
Features of run over
Ruptured scrotum(due to increased intra abdominal pressure)
Stretch laceration
Avulsion laceration
68
Driver of car involved in accident can sustain
```
Whiplash
Sparrow foot
Buckled sternum
Patella and lower condylar femur fracture
Fracture neck of femur
Fracture of wrist,ankle
```
69
Whiplash injury causes fracture dislocation at
C5 C6 level
70
Car hitting from front,type of whiplash
Hyperflexion followed by hyperextension
71
Injuries in motorcyclist
Hinge fracture
Ring fracture
Under running injuries
72
Under running injuries
Tail gating
73
Seat belt injuries are commonly seen in
Abdomen
Rupture of mesentery
Rupture of intestine
74
Ladder rung tears are seen in
Aorta
| Crushing of aorta btw sternum and T4 vertebra
75
Things to be done in hit and run case
Preserve paint/glass particles in wound of victim
Preserve samples of hair and blood of victim
Photograph and preserve tyre tread mark
76
Intracranial hemorrhage caused by trauma alone
EDH
SDH
Intraventricular
77
Tough membrane in Chronic SDH is formed after
1month
78
Impact of skull over a flat surface
Fissured or linear fracture
79
Signature fractures
Depressed fracture
80
Sutural fracture occurs in
Young people
81
Commonest site of contrecoup fracture
Orbital plate of frontal bone
82
Dementia pugilistica is due to
Repeated concussion
| Punch drunkenness
83
Boxers hemorrhage
Pontine hemorrhage
84
Most common type of intracranial hemorrhage in boxers
SDH
85
Commando punch
Sudden death due to carotid body stimulation
86
Rabdit punch
Fracture dislocation of upper cervical spine
87
Gutter fracture of skull is due to
glancing Bullet injury
88
Contrecoup injuries are seen only in
Movable head
Usually fall from height
89
Contrecoup injuries are common in
Frontal and temporal pole
90
Traumatic cardiac rupture commonly occurs in
RIGHT ATRIUM!!
Occurs after 7 days
91
Post MI rupture occurs
Within 7 days
92
Railway spine
Concussion of spinal cord
93
Commotio cords is seen in
Adolescents
Chest wall is pliable
94
Features of scald
Trickle pattern
Blisters(seen also in dry heat)
No charring
No singeing
95
Erythema and desquamation are common in
Scald
96
Post mortem artefacts in burns
Heat rupture
Heat hematoma
Flattening of gyri and narrowing of sulci
97
DIff btw heat hematoma and EDH
```
Heat hematoma
Frontal area
Honeycomb appearance
Friable
EDH
Temporal
Elastic
Attached
```
98
Features seen in hypothermic death
Paradoxical undressing
Hide and die syndrome(burrowing behaviour)
Gastric erosions
Purple or violet discolouration seen over extensor surface of large joints
Pancreatitis
99
Infarction with necrosis of toes
Frost bite
| -2.5 C
100
Prolonged exposure to cold 5-8 C
Trench foot
101
Trench foot
Pain
Pulselessness of extremities
Edema
Erythema
102
Heat cramps
Miner cramps
103
Miner cramps
Painful spasm of muscles of abdomen and lower limb
| Due to sodium depletion
104
Electrical contact injury presents as
Joule burn
105
Electrocution exit injury at
Foot
106
Cause of death in electrocution
Arrhythmia
Brainstem paralysis
Diaphragm paralysis
Secondary cause due to being thrown away
107
Hold on effect is seen if current is
>10mA
108
Electricity needed to kill a person
>50mA
109
Typical feature of firm contact with live terminal
Umblicated blister
110
Types of joule burn
Spark lesion
| Umblicated lesion
111
Crocodile skin
High voltage spark burn
112
Features of lightening injury
Superficial surface burns
Filigree
Ruptured tympanic membrane
Metallisation(implantation of particles over skin)
Disruption of clothes and shoes(blast effect)
113
Findings seen in death due to anaphylaxis
Laryngeal Edema
Tongue Edema
Increased blood levels of histamine and tryptase
114
Organ most commonly affected by blast wave
Lung>tympanic membrane>intestine
Water blast: intestine commonly affected
115
Marshall triad
Punctate bruises
abrasions
punctured lacerations
116
Firing through patella
Knee capping
117
Marshall triad is caused by
Flying missles
