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From Flashcardlet > 29.4.13(RS,GIT,CNS pathology) 1 > Flashcards

29.4.13(RS,GIT,CNS pathology) 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Tumor having high likelihood of metastasising to brain?

A

Choriocarcinoma

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1
Q

Meningioma arises from?

A

Arachnoid villi

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2
Q

CNS tumours showing calcification?

A

Oligodendroglioma(cystic),meningioma,craniopharyngioma

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3
Q

Charcot triad in multiple sclerosis?

A

Scanning speech
Intension tremor
Nystagmus(SIN)

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4
Q

Brain atrophy affects which lobes in Alzheimer’s disease?

A

Frontal

Superior temporal

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5
Q

Major component of lewy bodies

A

Alpha-synuclein

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6
Q

Three common causes of dementia?

A
  1. Alzheimers disease
  2. multi infarct dementia
  3. lewy body dementia
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7
Q

Microglial nodules in CNS?

A

HIV

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8
Q

Cowdry type A inclusions?

A

Herpes simplex

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9
Q

Pathognomonic feature of PML?

A

Ground glass appearance of oligodendrocyte nuclei

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10
Q

Neurons most sensitive to ischemia?

A

Purkinje cells of cerebellum

Pyramidal neurons of sommer’s sector in hippocampus

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11
Q

Most common endocrine tumor of pancreas

A

Insulinoma

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12
Q

Most common site of VIPoma?

A

Pancreas

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13
Q

Most common tumor of appendix?

A

Carcinoid

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14
Q

Most common site of carcinoid

A

Distal ileum

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15
Q

Most common cause of pseudomyxoma peritonei?

A

Appendicular carcinoma

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16
Q

Candle drippings( subependymal nodules of glimpses protruding into ventricles)

A

Tuberous sclerosis

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17
Q

Cerebrovasculosa

A

Anencephaly

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18
Q

Astrocytoma
Medulloblastoma
Ependymoma
Which among the following contains GFAP?

A

Astrocytoma

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19
Q

Ciliary neurotrophic factor

A

Endogenous pyrogen

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20
Q

Substance found in amyloid angiopathy

A

Cystatin C

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21
Q

Which brain tumor possess progesterone receptors and may rapidly grow during pregnancy?

A

Meningioma

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22
Q

Most common site to be affected in peutz jegher syndrome

A

Jejunum

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23
Q

PAS+ macrophages with bacilli in lamina propria

A
  1. whipple

2. MAC in HIV(acid fast)

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24
Blood group A is associated with what disease?
Gastric cancer
25
Site of gastric carcinoma in pernicious anaemia
Fundus
26
Immunodeficiency associated with celiac sprue
IgA deficiency
27
Infection associated with esophageal cancer
HPV
28
Most common site of metastasis from ca stomach
Liver
29
Most common virus causing esophagitis
HSV( identified in Margins of ulcer)
30
Linear esophageal ulcers are found in infection by
CMV( biopsy taken from base)
31
Hamartamatous polyps syndromes?
Peutz jegher Juvenile polyposis Cowden Cronkite Canada
32
Amebic ulcers are common in
Caecum | Ascending colon
33
Gall stones are common in which type of IBD
Crohn
34
Most sensitive screening test for small intestinal carcinoid
Plasma level of chromogranin A
35
Most common site of carcinoid tumor in body
Midgut
36
Carcinoid syndrome is more common in Carcinoid tumor of lung or Small cell carcinoma?
Small cell carcinoma
37
Which ulcer can progress to malignancy | Gastric or duodenal
Gastric(though rarely)
38
Most useful antibodies in celiac disease
Anti endomysial antibodies
39
Antibodies in celiac disease
Anti gliadin Anti endomysial Anti transglutaminase
40
Causes of drug induced esophagitis
Tetracyclines Kcl Bisphosphonates
41
Which affects the entire small bowel | Tropical sprue or celiac sprue
Tropical sprue
42
Pigment found in dubin Johnson
Epinephrine metabolites
43
Order of involvement in hypertensive intracranial bleed
1. putamen 2. thalamus 3. pons 4. caudate 5. cerebellum
44
Dual infection with which hepatitis virus is protective against HIV
Hepatitis G
45
Focal macro vesicular Fatty change Bile duct damage Lymphoid aggregates in portal tract
HCV
46
Mallory hyaline seen in
``` Wilson Alcoholic hepatitis Alpha1 anti trypsin Indian childhood cirrhosis PBC HCC Chronic cholestatic conditions Non alcoholic fatty liver disease ``` WILSON is An New INDIAN BiTCh
47
Most common benign lesion of liver
Cavernous hemangioma
48
Risk factor for transformation of hepatic adenoma to carcinoma
Beta catenin mutation | Glycogen storage diseases
49
Sulphur colloid liver scan measures
Kupffer cell activity
50
Sulphur colloid liver scan negative in
Hepatic adenoma | Hemangioma
51
Tumor marker of fibrolamellar variant of HCC
Neurotensin
52
Marker of choice for differentiating HCC from fibrolamellar variant of HCC
AFP
53
Cholangiocarcinomas stain positively for
Cytokeartin 7 ,8 ,19 and negatively for 20
54
How to differentiate early HCC from dysplastic nodule
Stain for glypican 3
55
Epithelium of vocal cords
Stratified squamous
56
Dangerous particle size to produce pneumoconiosis
1-5 micrometer
57
Most common chronic occupational disease
Silicosis
58
Type of silica m/c ly implicated in silicosis
Quartz
59
X-ray in silicosis
Egg shell calcification of lymph nodes
60
Pathogenic asbestos fibers
Amphibole(crocidolite ,amosite,actinolyte)
61
Most common manifestation of asbestos exposure
Pleural plaque
62
Effect of Smoking in asbestos related cancers
Risk increased in bronchogenic ca | Not in mesothelioma
63
Bone involvement In sarcoidosis
Tendency to involve phalangeal bones of hands and feet
64
M/c type of lung ca
Adeno ca
65
Adeno ca lung
K ras mutation Peripheral location Cells positive for mucin and thyroid transcription factor 1
66
Azzopardi effect
Basophilic staining of vessel walls in small cell lung ca
67
Histology in small cell lung ca
Salt and pepper appearance
68
Immunohistochemistry in small cell lung ca
Bcl-2 over expression
69
Centrally located lung ca
Small cell | Squamous cell
70
Peripherally located lung ca
Adeno ca | Large cell ca
71
Paraneoplastic syndrome with large cell ca
Gynaecomastia
72
Most common organ involved in metastasis of lung ca
Adrenals
73
pancoast tumour
Adeno ca lung (apical) | Causing Horner syndrome
74
Immunostaining of benign mesothelioma
CD34 positive | Keratin negative
75
Microscopic patterns of malignant mesothelioma
``` Sarcomatoid type Epitheloid type(DD :adeno ca lung) Mixed type ```
76
Epitheloid mesothelioma is differentiated from adeno ca lung by
1. Positive staining for acid mucopolysaccharide 2. lack of CEA 3. keratin positive 4. gold standard: EM:long slender numerous microvilli and tenofilaments but absent microvillus rootlets and lamellar bodies
77
Asbestosis in lungs
Pleural plaque Interstitial fibrosis with asbestos and ferruginous bodies Bronchogenic ca Mesothelioma
78
Scar in lung tissue develops into$
Adeno ca
79
Grey hepatization of lungs seen on
5-7 days
80
HMB45 is a tumour marker for
Melanoma
81
Pulmonary renal syndrome is seen in
Good pasture syndrome Leptospirosis Hantavirus Wegeners granulomatosis
82
Histopathology in cryptogenic organising pneumonia
Polyploid plugs of loose organising connective tissue(Masson bodies) within alveolar ducts,alveoli ,bronchioles
83
HPE in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Alveoli filled with foamy vacuolated exudates
84
Endogenous inhibitor of pulmonary fibrosis
Caveolin 1
85
LE cells in SLE
Neutrophils
86
CA15-3
Tumour marker of ca breast
87
tart cells in SLE
Macrophages
88
Tumour marker of mesothelioma
Keratin Calretinin Mesothelin
89
Endothelial tumours tumour marker
CD34 | Factor viii
90
Melanoma tumor marker
HMB 45 S-100 Vimentin
91
Neurofibroma tumour marker
GFAP | S-100
92
Neuroblastoma tumor marker
NSE Chromogranin Synaptophysin

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