CANCER: Key Terms

Question 1

A tumor; any new ad abnormal growth

Answer 1

neoplasm

Question 2

Not very harmful; nonmalignant

Answer 2

benign

Question 3

Surrounded by a fibrous capsule that prevents release of cells and restricts their spread to other parts of the body

Answer 3

encapsulated

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 5

The movement of disease from one organ or body part to a distant location; ex - the migration of microorganisms and of malignant cells

Answer 5

metastasis

Question 6

Any substance or agent that produces or increases the risk of developing cancer in humans or lower animals

Answer 6

carcinogens

Question 7

A benign tumor of the pituitary gland that secretes GH, leading to continued growth. It can also antagonize the effect of the hormone INSULIN, resulting in increased blood glucose

Answer 7

benign pituitary adenoma

Question 8

A malignant growth made up of EPITHELIAL CELLS

Answer 8

carcinoma

Question 9

The study of cells, their origin, structure, function, and pathology

Answer 9

cytology

Question 10

Destructive to cells

Answer 10

cytotoxic

Question 11

The primary genetic material of all cellular organisms

Answer 11

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Question 12

A localized collection of blood, usually clotted, that has leaked from adjacent blood vessels into an organ, space, or tissue

Answer 12

hematoma(s)

Question 13

The rate at which certain events occur

Answer 13

incidence

Question 14

A malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, marked by abnormal proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow

Answer 14

leukemia

Question 15

Any neoplastic disorder of the lymphoid tissue

Answer 15

lymphoma

Question 16

Becoming progressively worse; resisting treatment and resulting in death; having the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness, and metastasis

Answer 16

malignant

Question 17

A malignant, darkly pigmented mile or tumor of the skin

Answer 17

melanoma

Question 18

An unusual change in a gene occurring spontaneously or by induction; can occur in pathogenic organisms

Answer 18

mutation

Question 19

Hidden blood

Answer 19

occult blood

Question 20

A gene i a virus that has the ability to induce a cell to become malignant

Answer 20

oncogene

Question 21

The study of tumors

Answer 21

oncology

Question 22

Comfort care

Answer 22

palliative care

Question 23

The predicted outcome of the course of a disease

Answer 23

prognosis

Question 24

A type of epigenetic carcinogen that promotes neoplastic growth only after initiation by another substance; a co-carcinogen

Answer 24

promotor (s)

Question 25

A tumor,often highly malignant, composed of cells derived from CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Answer 25

sarcoma

Question 26

A system for classifying cancers according to the extent to which the malignancy has spread

Answer 26

TNM Staging System (tumor-node-metastasis)

Question 27

A change to another form

Answer 27

transformation

Question 28

A blood test to detect biochemical substances synthesized and released into the bloodstream by tumor cells; used to confirm a diagnosis of cancer or response to cancer therapy

Answer 28

tumor markers

Question 29

Blistering; causing of forming blisters

Answer 29

vesicant (s)