Prototype Drug Unit 6- Nifedipine

Question 1

Therapeutic classification

Answer 1

Antihypertensive

Question 2

Pharmacologic classification

Answer 2

Calcium channel blocker, dihydropyridine type

Question 3

Therapeutic effects and uses

Answer 3

Used to treat hypertension, chronic stable angina, and vasospastic angina.

Question 4

Mechanism of action

Answer 4

Selectively blocks calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle, including those in the coronary arteries. It lowers blood pressure and lowers the oxygen level needed for the heart to function.

Question 5

Adverse effects

Answer 5

Hypotension, dizziness, headache, lightheadedness, and flushing (blood vessels get dilated)
Peripheral edema, nausea, diarrhea

Question 6

Contraindications

Answer 6

Hypersensitivity
Acute myocardial infarction or cardiogenic shock
Be careful with people who already have a slow heartbeat,heart failure, or hypotension
ANY SIGNS OF WORSENING PULMONARY EDEMA CALLS FOR DISCONTINUATION OF THE DRUG!

Question 7

Drug interactions

Answer 7

Antihypertensives= additive hypotensive effects
Beta-adrenergic blockers= risk for heart failure
Decreases levels of digoxin
Alcohol can increase dilation of blood vessels.

Question 8

Herbal/food interactions

Answer 8

Grapefruit juice= enhances absorption
melatonin= reduces effectiveness by increasing blood pressure and heart rate
St. John’s wort= increases metabolism and reduces plasma levels

Question 9

Treatment of overdose

Answer 9

Treated with rapid-acting vasopressors such as dopamine or dobutamine. Calcium infusions can also be indicated.