Prototype Drug Unit 6- Nitroglycerin

Question 1

Therapeutic classification

Answer 1

Antianginal

Question 2

Pharmacologic classification

Answer 2

Organic nitrate, vasodilator

Question 3

Therapeutic effects and uses

Answer 3

Used for acute angina, hypertension, acute pulmonary edema, acute MI.

Question 4

Mechanism of action

Answer 4

Releases calcium into smooth muscle.
Relaxes arterial and venous smooth muscle.
Decreases the amount of blood returning to the heart, reducing preload.
Oxygen demand is decreased.

Question 5

Adverse effects

Answer 5

Headache, orthostatic hypotension, flushing of the face, dizziness, rash (transdermal patch), tolerance

Question 6

Contraindications

Answer 6

Hypotension, shock, head trauma, pericardial tamoinade and constrictive pericarditis, glaucoma.

Dehydration or hypovolemia should be corrected before administration

Question 7

Drug interactions

Answer 7

Sildenafil= can cause life-threatening hypotension and cardiovascular collapse
CCBs, antidepressants, ethanol, phenothiazines, or antihypertensives= additive hypotension

Question 8

Herbal/food interactions

Answer 8

Hawthorn

Question 9

Treatment of overdose

Answer 9

Normal saline= reverse hypotension

Methylene blue= methemoglobinemia