Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pre-Pharm > A&P Lab 10: The Muscular System - Gross Anatomy of Muscles > Flashcards

A&P Lab 10: The Muscular System - Gross Anatomy of Muscles Flashcards

(100 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Origin

A

point of attachment of the muscle tendon to the originating or immoveable bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Insertion

A

attachment site of the muscle tendon to the moveable bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Action

A

movement of the bone that occurs during muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Epicranius

A

frontalis & occipitalis with aponeurosis in between; raises eyebrows and occipitalis pulls scalp posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

circular sphincter muscle of eyelids; closes eyes, draws eyelids inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

circular sphincter of the muscle of the mouth; closes mouth, protrudes lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

between orbicularis oris and inferior margin of the eye; elevates upper lip, opens the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Zygomaticus

A

consists of 2 muscles (major & minor) from corner of mouth to cheek; elevates lateral corners of the mouth to smile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mentalis

A

superficial muscle of the chin; protrudes lower lip, wrinkles the chin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Platysma

A

thin, superficial muscle of the neck; depresses jaw and lower lip to turn the mouth downward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Masseter

A

covers the lateral aspect of the ramus of the mandible; closes jaw, elevates mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Temporalis

A

fan-shaped muscle on the lateral head; closes jaw, elevates/retracts jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Buccinator

A

main muscle of the cheek deep to the masseter; draws corner of mouth laterally (as in whistling)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Medial pterygoid

A

elevates jaw, assists in closing jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lateral pterygoid

A

extends from behind the cheekbone to the upper jaw; protracts jaw to grind teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

large, V-shaped muscle of the lateral and anterior neck with 2 heads of origin on either side; flexion of the neck forward when both heads contract together and rotation to the shoulder of opposite side if independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Scalenes

A

on lateral and anterior neck, consists of anterior, middle, and posterior; flexion and slight rotation of neck, elevation of 1st ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Digastric

A

2 bellies (fleshy part of a muscle) united by a tendon to form a V shape beneath the shin; together they elevate hyoid, open mouth, depress jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stylohyoid

A

narrow muscle below angle of the jaw; elevate and retract hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mylohyoid

A

deep to the digastric to form the floor of the mouth; depresses the larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is held stationary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sternohyoid

A

narrow muscle near the midline of the neck; depresses the larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is held stationary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sternothyroid

A

deep and lateral to sternohyoid; depresses the larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is held stationary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Omohyoid

A

narrow muscle lateral to sternohyoid with 2 bellies, superior and inferior; depresses the larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is held stationary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

superior to the sternothyroid; depresses hyoid, elevates larynx if hyoid is stationary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Pectoralis major
large, fan-shaped muscle covering the upper thorax; flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder
26
Deltoid
triangular muscle atop the shoulder; abduction of the arm at the shoulder
27
Serratus anterior
large, fan-shaped muscle deep to the scapula with serrated margins; protracts the shoulder, upward rotation of the scapula
28
Levator scapulae
between the shoulder and neck deep to the trapezius; elevates the scapula
29
Pectoralis minor
small, thin muscle deep to pectoralis major; depresses and protracts the shoulder
30
Trapezius
large, superior muscle of the back; extends the head, rotates and adducts scapula; elevates or depresses scapula
31
Latissimus dorsi
broad, flat muscle of the lower back; extends, adducts, and medially rotates the shoulder
32
Supraspinatus
deep to trapezius within the supraspinous fossa of scapula; a rotator cuff muscle; abduction at the shoulder
33
Infraspinatus
deep to trapezius within the infraspinous fossa of scapula; a rotator cuff muscle; lateral rotation at the shoulder
34
Teres minor
small, narrow muscle inferior to infraspinatus; a rotator cuff muscle; lateral rotation at the shoulder
35
Teres major
inferior to teres minor and scapula; extension, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder
36
Rhomboids, major & minor
deep to trapezius and medial to the vertebral border of the scapula; adducts scapula and rotates it downward
37
Rectus abdominis
medial, segmented superficial muscle of the abdomen; flexes and rotates vertebral column
38
External oblique
lateral, superficial muscle of the abdomen extending from the pubis to the thoracic cage; flexes and rotates vertebral column
39
Internal oblique
deep to the external oblique with fibers extending in opposite direction; flexes and rotates vertebral column
40
Transverse abdominus
deepest muscle of the abdomen with fibers in horizontal direction; compresses the abdomen
41
Erector spinae
long back muscle with 3 columns: iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis from the pelvis to the head; extends and laterally rotates the vertebral column
42
Semispinalis
deep muscle of the back, includes thoracis, cervicis, and capitis portions; extends the head and vertebral column; lateral or medial rotation
43
Quadratus lumborum
covers most of the posterior abdominal wall; flexes vertebral column laterally
44
External intercostals
11 pairs extend from rib to rib in oblique downward direction; pulls ribs to one another to elevate thoracic cavity
45
Internal intercostals
11 pairs extend from rib to rib in direction opposite to external intercostals; draws ribs together to depress thorax
46
Diaphragm
broad, flat, circular muscle forming the floor of the thoracic cavity; flattens to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity
47
Triceps brachii
large muscle of the brachium on the posterior side; it includes 3 heads of orgin (long, lateral, and medial); extends the forearm at the elbow
48
Anconeus
small triangular muscle that blends with the triceps brachii; abducts the ulna during forearm pronation, and extends the elbow
49
Biceps brachii
large muscle of the brachium on the anterior side; flexes the forearm at the elbow and supinates the forearm
50
Brachioradialis
superficial muscle on the lateral side of the forearm; flexes the forearm synergist
51
Brachialis
flat muscle deep to the biceps brachii; flexes the forearm
52
Pronator teres
pronates the forearm
53
Flexor carpi radialis
flexes the hand at the wrist, and abducts the hand at the wrist
54
Palmaris longus
superficial muscle of forearm medial to flexor carpi radialis; flexes the hand at the wrist, tenses the skin and fascia of the palm
55
Flexor carpi ulnaris
superficial muscle of forearm medial to palmaris longus; flexes the hand at the wrist and adducts the hand at the wrist
56
Flexor digitorum superficialis
deep to palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris; flexes the hand and middle phalanges of 2nd through 5th digits
57
Flexor pollicis longus
deep muscle of the anterior forearm; flexes thumb
58
Flexor digitorum profundus
deep muscle of anterior forearm; flexes distal phalanges
59
Pronator quadratus
deepest muscle of the forearm at the distal end; pronates forearm
60
Extensor carpi radialis longus
superficial muscle on posterior side of the forearm; extends and abducts the hand at the wrist
61
Extensor digitorum
superficial muscle on the medial side of the forearm; extends the digits and hand
62
Extensor carpi ulnaris
superficial muscle on the medial side of the forearm; extends and abducts the hand at the wrist
63
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
small muscle deep to the extensor carpi radialis longus; extends and abducts the hand at the wrist
64
Extensor policis longus and brevis
pair of small muscles deep to the extensor carpi ulnaris; extends the thumb
65
Abductor pollicis longus
deep muscle lateral to extensor pollicis longus; abducts and extends the thumb
66
Supinator
deep muscle at the posterior side of the proximal forearm; supinates the forearm at the elbow with the biceps brachii
67
Gluteal muscles
muscles that move the hip joint (originates at pelvis); form the bulk of the buttocks
68
Quadriceps femoris
4 primary thigh muscles on the anterior side; form a group with a common insertion on the tibial tuberosity by way of the patellar tendon; extend the leg at the knee; include the biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
69
Hamstrings
thigh muscles on the posterior side flex the leg at the knee; include biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus
70
Iliopsoas
composed of 2 muscles, the iliacus and psoas major, both of which originate on the pelvis; flexes the thigh; flexes the trunk; laterally flexes the vertebral column
71
Gluteus maximus
largest and most superficial of the gluteal muscles, which form the buttocks; extends the thigh when it is elevated (as in climbing stairs); laterally rotates and abducts the thigh
72
Gluteus medius
partially deep to the gluteus maximus; abducts and medially rotates the thigh
73
Gluteus minimus
deep to the gluteus medius; it is the smallest of the gluteal muscles; abducts and medially rotates the thigh
74
Piriformis
deep hip area inferior and lateral to the gluteus minimus; abducts and laterally rotates the thigh
75
Sartorius
long, thin superficial muscle extending obliquely across the anterior surface of the thigh; flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh; flexes the thigh at the knee
76
Rectus femoris
anterior muscle of the quadriceps femoris group; extends the thigh at the knee and flexes the thigh at the hip
77
Vastus lateralis
lateral muscle of the quadriceps femoris group; extends the thigh at the knee
78
Vastus medialis
medial muscle of the quadriceps femoris group; extends the thigh at the knee
79
Vastus intermedius
deep to the rectus femoris; extends the thigh at the knee
80
Tensor fasciae latae
lateral side of the thigh between layers of fascia; flexes, abducts, medially rotates the thigh
81
Biceps femoris
large, lateral muscle of the hamstrings group; includes 2 heads of origin (long head and short head); extends the thigh at the hip; laterally rotates the leg at the knee; flexes the thigh at the knee
82
Semitendinosus
long, narrow muscle of the hamstrings medial to the biceps femoris; extends the thigh at the hip; flexes the thigh at the knee; medially rotates the leg
83
Semimembranosus
large, flat muscle of the hamstrings deep to the semitendinosus; extends the thigh at the hip; flexes the thigh at the knee; medially rotates the leg
84
Gracilis
long, narrow superficial muscle of the medial thigh; adducts the thigh at the hip; flexes and medially rotates the leg
85
Adductor longus
large superficial muscle of the medial thigh; adducts, medially rotates, and flexes the thigh at the hip
86
Adductor magnus
large, wide, mostly obscured muscle of the medial thigh; adducts, medially rotates, and flexes the thigh at the hip
87
Adductor brevis
small muscle superior to the adductor longus, deep to the pectineus; adducts, medially rotates, and flexes the thigh at the hip
88
Pectineus
flat superficial muscle of the groin; adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh
89
Tibialis anterior
superficial muscle of the anterior side of the leg; dorsiflexion, inverts foot, supports longitudinal arch
90
Extensor digitorum longus
lateral to tibialis anterior; extension of digits, dorsiflexion
91
Extensor hallucis
deep to extensor digitorum longus; extends the big toe, dorsiflexion
92
Fibularis (peroneus) tertius
small muscle often fused to the distal end of the extensor digitorum longus; dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot
93
Fibularis (peroneus) longus
superficial muscle on the lateral side of the leg; plantar flexion and eversion of the foot
94
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis
small muscle deep to the fibularis longus; plantar flexion and eversion of the foot
95
Gastrocnemius
large superficial muscle of the calf (posterior leg), with 2 large bellies and origins; plantar flexes the foot when knee is extended; flexes the leg at the knee
96
Soleus
flat muscle deep to the gastrocnemius; plantar flexes the foot
97
Popliteus
small, flat muscle posterior to the knee; flexes and rotates leg medially
98
Tibialis posterior
thick muscle deep to the soleus; inverts foot, plantar flexes foot
99
Flexor digitorum longus
a thin muscle medial and partially superficial to tibialis posterior; flexes the digits; plantar flexes and inverts the foot
100
Flexor hallucis longus
lateral to distal end of tibialis posterior; flexes the 1st digit (big toe); inverts the foot

Pre-Pharm (182 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions