Lab Ex 39 Survey of the Animal Kingdom - Arthropoda

Question 0

Jointed appendages

Answer 0

Extensions of the main body of insects, highly adapted for locomotion, feeding, reproduction, defense, & sensing the environment

Question 1

Phylum Arthropoda

Answer 1

Most diverse & abundant phylum of animals (2-10 million species)

Question 2

Exoskeleton

Answer 2

Made of chitin (long chain of nitrogen-containing sugar molecules arranged in strong fibers); provides protection, a moisture barrier, & a place for muscle attachment; limits growth but periodically shed

Question 3

Chelicerae

Answer 3

Arthropods with appendages of their most anterior segment modified into feeding structures called this

Question 4

Pedipalps

Answer 4

Second pair of appendages in chelicerates modified for capturing prey, sensing the environment, or copulating

Question 5

Cephalothorax

Answer 5

Fused head and thoracic segments & an abdomen as the most posterior body region

Question 6

Carapace

Answer 6

Horseshoe-shaped covering the cephalothorax and a flexible joint seen easily from a dorsal view separating the cephalothorax from the abdomen

Question 7

Chilaria

Answer 7

Posterior to the walking legs in the horseshoe crab are a pair of degenerated legs called this

Question 8

Book gills

Answer 8

Appendages of the abdominal segments where gas exchange occurs

Question 9

Biramous

Answer 9

Double-branched appendages

Question 10

Compound eyes

Answer 10

Eyes with multiple lenses (crustaceans)

Question 11

First antennae, second antennae, mandibles, maxillae, maxillipeds

Answer 11

5 anterior pairs of crustacean appendages

Question 12

Mandible

Answer 12

Appendage 3 in crayfish; used for feeding

Question 13

Cheliped

Answer 13

Appendage 9 in crayfish; used for feeding

Question 14

Swimmerets

Answer 14

AKA pleopods; abdominal appendages that are much smaller than walking legs in crayfish

Question 15

Uropods

Answer 15

Most posterior pair of appendages on crayfish; broad, flat, surround the terminal abdominal segment called the telson

Question 16

Telson

Answer 16

Terminal abdominal segment in crayfish

Question 17

Analogous

Answer 17

Appendages of 2 different species may have similar functions but different embryological origin

Question 18

Homologous

Answer 18

Structures of 2 different species with similar developmental origin but may or may not have serve the same function

Question 19

Chelate

Answer 19

Pincerlike legs with opposing claws

Question 20

Crayfish heart

Answer 20

Diamond shaped, surrounded by thin pericardial sac; lies on dorsal midline just anterior to the abdominal segments

Question 21

Ostia

Answer 21

Small openings in the heart of crayfish where blood returns to the pericardial sac

Question 22

Gonads

Answer 22

Testes or ovaries; in crayfish, testes usually white, ovaries orange

Question 23

Cardiac & pyloric stomachs

Answer 23

Continuous, membranous structures along the dorsal midline of the cephalothorax in crayfish

Question 24

Esophagus & mouth

Answer 24

Where cardiac stomach receives food from

Question 25

Digestive gland

Answer 25

Large; secretes enzymes and stores food; lies just posterior and laterally to the stomachs in crayfish

Question 26

Ventral nerve cord

Answer 26

Passes around esophagus and comes together anteriorly as a brain between & beneath the eyestalks

Question 27

Ganglia

Answer 27

Series of swellings, each of which controls organs in the immediate segment

Question 28

Green glands

Answer 28

Excretory organs opening at the base of each antennae in crayfish

Question 29

Uniramous

Answer 29

Single-branched appendages

Question 30

Tracheae

Answer 30

Efficient respiratory system of tubes that conduct air through the bodies of insects

Question 31

Thorax (insects)

Answer 31

Pro-, meso-, & meta- portions, each having a pair of legs

Question 32

Labrum

Answer 32

Mouthparts of insects covered by this, an extension of the head

Question 33

Spiracle

Answer 33

Breathing pore opening to the respiratory system of tracheal tubes

Question 34

Ovipositor

Answer 34

Terminal segment of female insects modified to lay eggs

Question 35

Dichotomous key

Answer 35

Lists & describes pairs of opposing traits, each of which leads to another pair of traits until a level of classification of the specimen being identified is reached