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From Flashcardlet > A&P Lab Exercise 10 > Flashcards

A&P Lab Exercise 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What does smooth muscle look like?

A

Smooth, long, spindle shaped individual muscle fibers.

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2
Q

What is the plasma membrane of a muscle cell called?

A

Sarcolemma

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3
Q

What is the cytoplasm of the muscle cell called?

A

Sarcoplasma

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4
Q

Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

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5
Q

How do smooth muscle fibers orient themselves to make up a tissue sheet?

A

One layer oriented in one direction, another layer oriented at a right angle

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6
Q

What does a cardiac muscle look like?

A

Striated, branched, tightly fitting with intercalated discs

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7
Q

What is a syncytium?

A

A network of tightly connected fibers

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8
Q

How many nuclei does a cardiac muscle have?

A

One

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9
Q

What do striations look like?

A

Alternating dark and light bands running across the muscle fibers

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10
Q

Why do intercalated discs stain darkly?

A

Due to the presence of many desmosomes that hold the cells together during contractions (heart beats)

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11
Q

Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

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12
Q

What does skeletal muscle look like?

A

Long, slender, striated muscle fibers

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13
Q

How many nuclei does a skeletal muscle cell have?

A

Many - multinucleate

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14
Q

Where are the nuclei of a skeletal muscle found?

A

Just below the sarcolemma

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15
Q

What is a fascicle?

A

A group of skeletal muscle fibers

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16
Q

What surrounds a fascicle?

A

Connective tissue that binds the fibers together

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17
Q

What is the endomysium?

A

The connective tissue surrounding individual muscle cells

18
Q

What is the perimysium?

A

The connective tissue that surrounds a fascicle

19
Q

What is the epimysium?

A

The connective tissue that surrounds the whole muscle

20
Q

Why do you see bands of alternating dark and pale stain in skeletal muscle?

A

The A and I bands made of thick and thin filaments

21
Q

Which bands are dark bands?

A

A bands

22
Q

Which bands are light bands?

A

I bands

23
Q

What are the dark staining lines between sarcomeres?

A

Z discs

24
Q

What are the contractile proteins that slide across each other allowing the muscle fiber to shorten?

A

The myosin heads on the thick filaments bind to G-actin on the thin filaments pulling the thin filaments towards the M line

25
Q

What triggers contraction?

A

The release of Ca+2 from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

26
Q

What does troponin look like?

A

The little notch on the strand

27
Q

What does tropomyosin look like?

A

The strand in between G-actin globules

28
Q

Where is smooth muscle found in the body?

A

Everywhere!

  • Airways
  • Uterus
  • Bladder
  • GI tract
29
Q

Where is cardiac muscle found?

A

Heart

30
Q

Where is skeletal muscle found?

A

Everywhere attached to bones

31
Q

What is the cell shape and arrangement of smooth muscle?

A

Spindle shaped and tightly fit

32
Q

What is the cell shape and arrangement of cardiac muscle?

A

Branched, asymmetric, intercalated discs where two cells are adjacent to one another (cell junctions)

33
Q

What is the cell shape and arrangement of skeletal muscle?

A

Cylindrical, fits together organized

34
Q

How many nuclei do smooth muscle have?

A

One

35
Q

Where are the nuclei located in skeletal muscle?

A

Many nuclei located around the periphery

36
Q

What are the three special features of cardiac muscle?

A

Gap junctions, desmosomes, and intercalated discs

37
Q

What is the neuromuscular junction?

A

Each skeletal muscle fiber is innervated with nerve fibers from the spinal cord - NMJ is where the nerve meets the sarcolemma

38
Q

What neurotransmitter is used at the neuromuscular junction?

A

Acetylcholine

39
Q

Where is ACh released from and to?

A

From the terminal end to the nerve into a small space called the synaptic cleft

40
Q

What is the motor end plate?

A

Where the synapse is located

41
Q

How many skeletal muscle fibers can a nerve fiber innervate?

A

One or more

42
Q

What is a motor unit?

A

The somatic motor neuron and all the fibers it innervates

From Flashcardlet (133 decks)

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