A&P Lab Exercise 18

Question 1

What structure gathers sound waves into the ear?

Answer 1

The external ear

Question 2

What structure do the sound waves travel down?

Answer 2

External auditory canal

Question 3

Where do the sound waves strike?

Answer 3

The tympanic membrane

Question 4

What happens when sound waves hit the tympanic membrane?

Answer 4

It vibrates and passes the message on

Question 5

What are the three small bones of the ear called collectively?

Answer 5

The auditory ossicles (middle ear)

Question 6

What are the hearing receptors in the inner ear?

Answer 6

Specialized hair cells of the cochlea

Question 7

What are the two types of equilibrium the ear detects?

Answer 7

Static and dynamic

Question 8

What is static equilibrium?

Answer 8

Detects the position of the head and the body when they are not moving

Question 9

Where are the receptors for static equilibrium?

Answer 9

Vestibule

Question 10

What is dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 10

Detects the position of the head and body when they are moving

Question 11

Where are the receptors for dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 11

Semicircular canals

Question 12

What is the function of the cochlea?

Answer 12

Generates nerve impulses for hearing

Question 13

What is the pinna?

Answer 13

The flap of skin and elastic cartilage that attaches to the head laterally; it functions to collect and direct sounds waves

Question 14

What is the external auditory meatus (canal)?

Answer 14

The tunnel through the temporal bone that conducts sound waves

Question 15

What is the tympanic membrane?

Answer 15

A thin membrane of fibrous connective tissue that vibrates in response to the sound waves striking it

Question 16

What are the three bones of the middle ear?

Answer 16

1. Malleus
2. Incus
3. Stapes

Question 17

What is the middle ear cavity filled with?

Answer 17

Air

Question 18

What is the structure that the stapes fits into?

Answer 18

The oral window

Question 19

What does the oral window function in?

Answer 19

When it moves in and out responding to the vibration of the stapes, pressure waves are created in the fluid of the cochlea

Question 20

What does the round window function in?

Answer 20

Releasing the pressure caused by the oval window

Question 21

What is the Eustachian tube opening?

Answer 21

It leads to the Eustachian tube, connecting the middle ear to the nasopharynx and equalizes the air pressure between the middle ear and the outside

Question 22

What is the osseous labyrinth (what are its parts) and what is it lined with?

Answer 22

A hollow system of bony canals with three parts (cochlea, semicircular canals, vestibule) that are each lined with fluid filled canals called the membranous labyrinth

Question 23

What is the cochlea?

Answer 23

A bony canal containing the organ of the Corti with hair cells that generate the nerve impulse for hearing

Question 24

What are the semicircular canals?

Answer 24

Three canals oriented in a different plane containing the receptors for dynamic equilibrium

Question 25

What is the vestibule?

Answer 25

Responsible for static equilibrium (containing the membranous tubes called the utricle and the saccule)

Question 26

What cranial nerve is connected to the ear?

Answer 26

The vestibulocochlear VIII

Question 27

What are the branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve?

Answer 27

The cochlear division and the vestibular division

Question 28

Where do impulses from the cochlear division go?

Answer 28

Temporal lobe

Question 29

Where do impulses from the vestibular division go?

Answer 29

Cerebellum

Question 30

Where does the cranial nerve VIII terminate?

Answer 30

The left temporal lobe

Question 31

What structure is responsible for vertigo?

Answer 31

The semicircular canals