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Flashcards in Chapter 28 Deck (30)
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1
Q

What is de facto?

A

by custom

2
Q

What is de jure?

A

by law

3
Q

Who was the first African American Supreme Court Justice?

A

Thurgood Marshall

4
Q

What is CORE?

A

Congress of Racial Equality- an organization that played a pivotal role for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement

5
Q

What did the Brown v. Board of Education decide?

A

state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional

6
Q

What is the Southern Manifesto?

A

a document written by the US congress in opposition to racial integration of public places.

7
Q

What did Mohandas Gandhi do?

A

he led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world

8
Q

What is the name of SCLC?

A

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

9
Q

What store did the Greensboro sit-ins occur in?

A

Woolworth

10
Q

Who is Julian Bond?

A

an American social activist and leader in the American civil rights movement, politician, professor, and writer.

11
Q

Who is Ella Baker?

A

an African-American civil rights and human rights activist. She was a largely behind-the-scenes organizer whose career spanned over five decades.

12
Q

What is the SNCC?

A

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee which was a large organization with many supporters in the North who helped raise funds to support its civil rights work in the South

13
Q

Who was James Farmer?

A

the initiator and organizer of the 1961 Freedom Ride, which eventually led to the desegregation of inter-state transportation in the United States.

14
Q

Who are the Freedom Riders?

A

civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961 and following years to challenge the non-enforcement of the United States Supreme Court

15
Q

What was the Albany movement?

A

a desegregation coalition formed in Albany, Georgia, on November 17, 1961 by local activists, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

16
Q

Who was James Meredith?

A

an American civil rights movement figure, a writer, and a political adviser.

17
Q

Who is “Bull” Conner?

A

the Commissioner of Public Safety for the city of Birmingham, Alabama, during the American Civil Rights Movement.

18
Q

Who is Medgar Evers?

A

an African-American civil rights activist from Mississippi involved in efforts to overturn segregation at the University of Mississippi.

19
Q

What was considered the largest political rallies for human rights in United states history?

A

March on Washington

20
Q

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 do?

A

outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

21
Q

What was the Freedom Summer?

A

a campaign in the United States launched in June 1964 to attempt to register as many African-American voters as possible in Mississippi

22
Q

What was the MFDP?

A

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party , an American political party created in the state of Mississippi in 1964, during the civil rights movement.

23
Q

Who was Malcolm X?

A

an African-American Muslim minister and a human rights activist

24
Q

What was the Nation of Islam?

A

an organization to improve the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of African Americans in the United States and all of humanity

25
Q

What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965

A

a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits discrimination in voting

26
Q

What was the Mendez v. Westminster?

A

a 1946 federal court case that challenged racial segregation in Orange County, California schools

27
Q

What is the INS?

A

Immigration and Naturalization service

28
Q

What did the Immigration and Nationality Act?

A

abolished the national origins quota system that was American immigration policy since the 1920s, replacing it with a preference system that focused on immigrants’ skills and family relationships with citizens or U.S. residents

29
Q

What is the NCAI?

A

National Congress of American Indians

30
Q

Who attempted to stop African American students from attending the University of Alabama?

A

Governor Wallace