Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy And Physiology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Human cells _____ in size and ______ in shape

A

Vary And differ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many cells make up the body and how many cells types are there?

A

100 trillion cells

200 types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cell size and shape is related to their ________

A

Function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 main parts of the cell

A
  1. Membrane
  2. Cytoplasm
  3. Nucleus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the plasma membrane do?

A

Encloses cytoplasm and forms the outer boundary of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How thin is the cell membrane

A

7nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the make up of the plasma membrane?

A

Double phospholipid layer,

contains proteins

cholesterol forms the framework

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of proteins are embed in the cell membrane?

A

Integrated membrane proteins (IMP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4 functions of integral membrane proteins

A
  1. Transport
  2. Identification
  3. Signalling
  4. Connection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of IMP are involved in the identification function and identify cell as self or non-self

A

Glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the 1 general make up of cytoplasm

A

Cytosol aka intracellular fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What organelle is a network of connecting membranous walled sacs and canals

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Main function of the ER

A

Transport proteins through the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the two types of ER?

A

Smooth and rough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the rough ER in relation to ribosomes

A

Ribosomes attach to the rough ER during protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

5 functions of smooth ER

A
  1. Protein transportation & packaging
  2. Lipid synthesis
  3. Carbohydrate synthesis
  4. Produces membranes for cell
  5. Removes and stores calcium from inside the cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or false,

Ribosomes are attached to smooth ER

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Do ribosomes have membranes?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ribosomes can be described as…

A

Protein factories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ribosomes are made up of large and small subunit of _____ and ______

A
  • rRNA and protein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where do Ribosomes exists?

A

Either attach to ER or free in cytoplasm

22
Q

What is the difference in function of ribosome attached to ER vs free standing

A

ER makes proteins for outside the cell or in membrane , free make them for inside the cell

23
Q

Golgi apparatus has a membrane Y/N

A

Yes

24
Q

Describe the shape of golgi aparatus

A

Flattened sacs that are stacked

25
Q

What is the function of the golgi apparatus

A

Receive and process proteins from ER, package them and then send to the membrane

26
Q

How many membranes does the mitochondria have?

A
  1. Inner and outer
27
Q

Why does each mitochondria contain 1 DNA molecule?

A

Allows it to produce its enzymes and replicate its self

28
Q

Centrioles are _____ organelles

A

Paired

29
Q

What is the orientation of the parked centrioles

A

Lie at right angle to each other

30
Q

What do centrioles have an important role in?

A

Cell production and replication

31
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton

A

Supporting framework of the cell and allows movement of the cell or parts of it

32
Q

Name the three types of cell extensions

A

Cilia, flagellum and Microvilli

33
Q

What is the appearance of cilia

A

Fine hair like extensions

34
Q

Where do Cilia occur?

A

On free exposed surfaces of some cells

35
Q

How do cilia move?

A

In a wave like fashion to project the cell or other substances such as mucous

36
Q

What is the Flagellum

A

Single projection extending from cell surface, looks like a tail

37
Q

Where are microvilli found?

A

They cover epithelial cells where absorption is important. (Small intestines )

38
Q

What 3 things do microvilli do?

A
  1. Increase surface area
  2. Provide structure
  3. Provide movement
39
Q

What does the nucleus do?

A

Controls cell and every organelle in cytoplasm. Also controls cell reproduction.

40
Q

What are the 3 types of direct cell connections

A
  1. Desmosomes
  2. gap junctions
  3. Tight junctions
41
Q

Describe gap junctions

A

Membrane channels of adjacent cells connect to each other

42
Q

Describe tight junctions

A

Hold sheets of cells together to decrease permeability

43
Q

What is the function of cell connections

A

Hold each other together and some facilitate communication

44
Q

2 component structures of the nucleus

A

Nuclear membrane and the nucleolus

45
Q

What are the 2 layers of the nuclear membrane?

A

Nuclear pores and nucleoplasm

46
Q

Organelles means?

A

tiny organs

47
Q

The whole ribosome is actually a _________

A

Enzyme

48
Q

Proteins produced by the cell are usually made to be __________

A

Enzymes

49
Q

Can you have genetic problems in mitochondria?

A

Yes because it has DNA

50
Q

Flagellum are much _____ than cilia

A

Larger

51
Q

Where are chromatin granules

A

In non dividing cells nucleus

Anatomy And Physiology (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions