Apter 11

Question 1

5 functions of skeletal system bone

Answer 1

Support
Protection 
Movement 
Mineral storage 
Hematopoises

Question 2

Describe the mineral storage function of the skeletal system

Answer 2

Bone store calcium, phosphorus and other minerals. Hold 99% of bodies calcium

Question 3

Describe hematopoises is

Answer 3

Formation of blood cells takes place in red bone marrow

Question 4

5 classificaitons of bone

Answer 4

Long
Short
Flat
Irregular 
Sesamoid

Question 5

Describe long bone

Answer 5

Cylindrical, longer Than they are wide, enlarged ends which interact with other bones

Question 6

All bones are long bone except

Answer 6

knee cap,wrist and ankle bones

Question 7

Short bones are

Answer 7

Cube or box shaped

Question 8

Describe flat bone and four examples

Answer 8

Broad and thin with a flattened and often curved surface

Eg. Skull, scapula, ribs, sternum

Question 9

Describe irregular bones and 3 examples

Answer 9

Often clustered in groups of various shapes and size

Eg. Vertebrate, hip bones, facial bones

Question 10

Describe sesamoid (round) bones

Answer 10

Sometimes categorized as irregular bones
Number and size can vary among people

Common example is knee cap

Question 11

6 parts of long bone

Answer 11

Diaphysis (shaft)
Epiphyses (ends)
Articulate cartilage
Periosteum 
Medullary cavity
Endosteum

Question 12

Describe diaphysis of long bone

Answer 12

Hollow tube, hard compact bone, strong and light

Question 13

Describe epiphyses of long bone

Answer 13

Contains spongy bone filled with red bone marrow

Provides attachments for muscles and stability for joints

Question 14

Describe articulations cartilage of long bone

Answer 14

Thin layer that covers each end of the bone, cushions the bone

Question 15

Describe 4 things for periosteum of long bone

Answer 15

Strong fibrous membrane covering the bone everywhere but the joints

Attaches tendons to bone

So Tanis osteoblasts, osteoclasts and blood vessel

Essential for bone formation and survival

Question 16

Describe medullary cavity of long bone

Answer 16

Tube like hallow are inside diaphysis

In adults filled with yellow marrow (lots of fat)

Question 17

Describe endosteum of long bone

Answer 17

Thin fibrous membrane
Lines medullary cavity
Contains various types of bone cells

Question 18

Flat bones inner portion is _____ covered by _____

Answer 18

Cancellous, covered with compact bone

Question 19

Cranial flare bones have…..

Answer 19

Internal and external compact bone

Inner cancellous region called the diploe

Question 20

Flare bones, short bone and irregular bones can have feature similar to _____

Answer 20

Cranial bones

Question 21

Spaces inside the cancellous bone of short flat irregular and sesamoid bones are filled with _____

Answer 21

Red marrow

Question 22

2 types of connective tissue make up skeletal system

Answer 22

Bones and cartilage

Question 23

There is more -__________ in connective tissue cells

Answer 23

Matrix

Question 24

Bones contain also what 3 tissue

Answer 24

Blood, adipose and nervous

Question 25

2 types of bone in skeletal system

Answer 25

Compact and spongy

Question 26

3 features of compact bone and also called what

Answer 26

Outer layer Hard and dense 80% of bone mass Aka dense bone

Question 27

3 features of spongy bone

Answer 27

Also called cancellous bone 20% of total bone mass Ends The epiphyses of long bones

Question 28

Compact dense bone has cylindrical structural units called

Answer 28

Osteons or haversian system

Question 29

Calcified ringed arrangement of matrix in dense bone

Answer 29

Concentric lamella

Question 30

Concentric lamella surround what which contains what

Answer 30

Central canal which contains blood cells

Question 31

Spaces within the layer of concentric lamella are called ____ and what live inside

Answer 31

Lacunae Osteocytes(living bone cells) live inside

Question 32

Lacunae are connected by tiny canals called

Answer 32

Canaliculi

Question 33

Canaliculi connect with the _____ in each ____

Answer 33

Central canal in each osteoporosis

Question 34

Blood vessel pass through the _______ go into the bone and envenually connect to _____

Answer 34

Periosteum Connect to the central canal

Question 35

2 names for spongy bone

Answer 35

Cancellous or trabecular

Question 36

Spongy bones gets porous texture due to

Answer 36

Thin threads of bone called tabeculae

Question 37

Trabeculae are surrounded bu a network of _________ Often found where in adults

Answer 37

Open spaces that may contain red bone barrow Mostly in flat bones, ends of numerous and femur

Question 38

Within the trabeculae, waste and nutrients is diffused through ___

Answer 38

Canaliculi

Question 39

Trabeculae are arranged along lines of ____ to enhance ______

Answer 39

Stress Bones strength