Cross Cultural Studies - Perception Flashcards

1
Q

What do cultural differences and similarities show?

A
Differences = learnt not innate
Similarities = evolutionary - innate
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2
Q

What might cultural differences be due to?

A

Biological factors e.g genetics + diet, or ecological factors such as local environment, cultural history and education

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3
Q

What did Turnbull do?

A

Studied the Bambuti Pygmies who lived in dense forest so had no size constancy as had no experience of looking at objects far away.
- One member taken out of the forest and saw a buffalo grazing in the distance

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4
Q

What did Turnbull find?

A

Thought the buffalo in the distance was an insect

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5
Q

What did Turnbull conclude?

A

His study supports cultural differences which supports Gregory - perception is learnt

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6
Q

How does SSNR relate to Turnbull’s study?

A
  • Unethical to expose members to outside world (bringing in Western technology e.g. a car), cause members to seek a different life
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7
Q

How does N/N relate to Turnbull’s study?

A
  • How would the tribe carry out everyday activities, such as hunting, without size constancy = could be a poor visual problem causing incorrect identification
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8
Q

How does PAS relate to Turnbull’s study?

A

Only one member used, not reliable only valid

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9
Q

What did Hudson do?

A

Analysed how people responded to questions about pictures which included depth cues, such as relative size and overlap

  • Asked what the objects were to ensure they were familiar with the relative size of the animals
  • Then asked ‘What is the man doing?’ and ‘which animal is closest to the man?’
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10
Q

What did Hudson find?

A

Non-Western people = difficulty seeing depth in picture, believed elephant was closer + that the man was hunting a small elephant - perceived as 2D rather than 3D

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11
Q

How does Hudson’s study support nurture?

A

Shows cultural differences

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12
Q

How does PAS relate to Hudson’s study?

A

1) Ambiguous Qs - example of cultural bias as Qs may be interpreted different in different cultures = may not think i terms of real life
2) Only 2 depth cues - if others were added African Ps more likely to interpret the picture in 3D

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13
Q

What happened when texture gradient was added to Hudson’s study?

A

There was a much higher rate of perceiving depth - 64% 3D answers compared to 54% in Hudson’ study
- When colour added = 73%

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14
Q

What did Eysenck and Keene show?

A

Showed that if the Muller-Lyer fins are replaced by circles we still fall for the illusions = CU as doesn’t resemble the ‘carpentered world’ - innate

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