DAT Biological Diversity pt 1 Cheat Sheet

Question 1

The classification of
an organism can be
broken down into
different categories…

Answer 1

taxa

Question 2

most general at top,
most specific at
bottom

Answer 2

taxonomic rank

Question 3

overall taxonomic rank

Answer 3

domain->kingdom->phylum->class->order->family->genus->species

Question 4

• Need O2 to survive

Answer 4

obligate aerobes

Question 5

Cannot survive in presence of O2

Answer 5

obligate anaerobes

Question 6

Grows in presence of O2, but can
utilize anaerobic metabolism when O2
is absent

Answer 6

Facultative Anaerobe

Question 7

Majority of mammalian
microorganisms found inside of
mammals are….

Answer 7

Facultative Anaerobe

Question 8

(collection of microorganisms like bacteria and fungi in/on our bodies

Answer 8

microbiome

Question 9

Make up the microbiome

Answer 9

microbes

Question 10

help synthesize vitamins and enhance metabolism

Answer 10

good bacteria

Question 11

can lead to infections such as gonorrhea, tuberculosis, leprosy, and pneumonia

Answer 11

bad bacteria

Question 12

Extended use of antibiotics can result in…

Answer 12

vitamin deficiency due to depletion of the vitamin-metabolizing bacteria

Question 13

Stain purple

Answer 13

gram posiitve

Question 14

Stain pink

Answer 14

gram neg

Question 15

Thick peptidoglycan layer in cell wall

Answer 15

gram posiitve

Question 16

Thin peptidoglycan layer in cell wall

Answer 16

gram neg

Question 17

No outer membrane

Answer 17

gram pos

Question 18

Contains an outer membrane

Answer 18

gram neg

Question 19

Does not produce endotoxins

Answer 19

gram pos

Question 20

Produces endotoxins when broken down

Answer 20

gram neg

Question 21

increase cell wall flexibility in gram positive

Answer 21

Teichoic acids

Question 22

durable structures that help bacterium survive in extreme environmental conditions

Answer 22

endospores

Question 23

are endospores produced by some or all of bacteria

Answer 23

some

Question 24

first types of living organisms to appear

Answer 24

Anaerobic prokaryotes

Question 25

Consumers of organic substances/food produced from autotrophs

Answer 25

heterotrophs

Question 26

Use organic compounds as source of energy

Answer 26

chemoheterotrophs

Question 27

Obtain carbon for metabolism through consuming organic materials

Answer 27

chemoheterotrophs

Question 28

Use light for energy

Answer 28

photoheterotrophs

Question 29

Obtain carbon for metabolism through consuming organic materials

Answer 29

photohterotrophs

Question 30

Consume the remains of organisms & non – living organic material

Answer 30

decomposers

Question 31

Producers of organic substances/food

Answer 31

autotrophs

Question 32

Earliest autotrophic cells were

Answer 32

anaerobic but capable of photosynthesis

Question 33

example of earliest autotrophic cells

Answer 33

cyanobacteria

Question 34

Use inorganic chemicals (H2S, NH3) in reactions for energy

Answer 34

chemoautotrophs

Question 35

Convert chemicals into biomass

Answer 35

chemoautotrophs

Question 36

Use light for energy

Answer 36

photoautotrophs

Question 37

Bacteria found at the top of a pond is an example of what

Answer 37

photoautotroph

Question 38

archaea are what kind of cells

Answer 38

prokaryotes

Question 39

Single, short, and circular DNA is what 2 domains

Answer 39

archaea and bacteria

Question 40

DNA in nucleoid region is what two domains

Answer 40

archaea and bacteria

Question 41

May contain extrachromosomal DNA (plasmids) is what two domains

Answer 41

archaea and bacteria

Question 42

transcription location of eukarea

Answer 42

nucleous

Question 43

transcription location for archaea and bacteria

Answer 43

cytoplasm

Question 44

translation location for eukarya, archaea and bacteria

Answer 44

cytoplasm

Question 45

do eukaryotic have histones

Answer 45

yes

Question 46

do archaea have histones

Answer 46

yes

Question 47

do bacteria have histones

Answer 47

no

Question 48

do eukarya have introns

Answer 48

yes

Question 49

does archaea have introns

Answer 49

yes

Question 50

does bacteria have introns

Answer 50

no

Question 51

cell wall composition of plant

Answer 51

cellulose

Question 52

cell wall comp of fungi

Answer 52

chitinc

Question 53

cell wall comp of archaea

Answer 53

Pseudomurein

Question 54

cell wall comp of bacteria

Answer 54

peptidoglycan

Question 55

does eukarya have organelles

Answer 55

yes

Question 56

does archaea have organelles

Answer 56

no

Question 57

does bacteria have organelles

Answer 57

no

Question 58

are ribosomes found in all 3 cell types

Answer 58

yes