DAT Cells and Organelles Cheat Sheet

Question 1

where is the cells DNA contained?

Answer 1

nucleus

Question 1

where are cell activities such as protein synthesis and reproduction coordinated?

Answer 1

nucleus

Question 2

Cytoplasm

Answer 2

fluid-filled area in which the cell’s
metabolic activities occurs; also
includes the organelles

Question 3

nucleolus

Answer 3

Site of ribosome (rRNA) synthesis

Question 4

how many layers is the mitochondria?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

what is the site of fatty acid catabolism

Answer 5

mitochondira

Question 6

what does mitochondria have its own of?

Answer 6

own circular DNA and ribsomes

Question 7

where is ATP made in cell

Answer 7

mitochondria

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

Made of rRNA; makes proteins

Question 9

Functions to synthesize
and store proteins.

Answer 9

Rough ER

Question 10

Has ribosomes attached to the
structure.

Answer 10

rough ER

Question 11

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 11

Functions to synthesize lipids and
steroid hormones for exportdi

Question 12

difference btw smooth and rough ER

Answer 12

rough synthesizes and stores protein, smooth synthesizes lipids and steroid hormones

Question 13

Golgi

Answer 13

Modifies and packages proteins

Question 14

what are Lysosomes made by

Answer 14

golgi

Question 15

function of lysosome

Answer 15

Golgi. Functions in
apoptosis, and break down of nutrients, bacteria and cell debris

Question 16

Peroxisomes

Answer 16

Common in the liver & kidney that
function to breakdown substances

Question 17

Cytoskeleton

Answer 17

Maintain cell shape & movement.

Question 18

Microtubules:

Answer 18

Composed of tubulin. Support cell &
mobility for cell activities

Question 19

Centrioles:

Answer 19

development of
spindle fibers for cell division

Question 20

Cilia:

Answer 20

Short hair like extensions
from cell for movement

Question 21

Flagella:

Answer 21

Thread-like extension
from cell for movement

Question 22

Intermediate filaments:

Answer 22

Maintain cell shape

Question 23

Microfilaments:

Answer 23

Composed of actin. Used for cell
motility

Question 24

Vacuoles

Answer 24

Vesicles inside cell that move materials & are membrane bound

Question 25

Extracellular Matrix

Answer 25

Function to provide mechanical support & helps bind adjacent cellsw

Question 26

what is most abundant in the ECM

Answer 26

collagen

Question 27

� Cell walls (plants)

Answer 27

rovide support

Question 28

what kind of cell are Plastids: found in

Answer 28

plant

Question 29

Plastids:

Answer 29

variety of organelles serving various metabolic activities such as chloroplasts for photosynthesis

Question 30

do prokaryotes have a nucleus

Answer 30

no

Question 31

what type of DNA do prokaryotes have

Answer 31

Single, circular, naked, double- stranded DNA

Question 32

what kind of ribosomes do prokaryotes have

Answer 32

(50S + 30S = 70S)

Question 33

what is flagella made from in prokaryotes

Answer 33

flagellin

Question 34

what kind of molecules are allowed through aPhospholipid Membrane

Answer 34

Allows small, uncharged, hydrophobic molecules to freely pass the membrane.

Question 35

what kind of molecules require a transporter in a phospholipid membrane

Answer 35

are large, polar, or charged requires a transporter.

Question 36

Cholesterol

Answer 36

Regulates fluidity of cell membrane (↑ temp = ↓ fluidity)

Question 37

Hypertonic:

Answer 37

higher solute concentration

Question 38

Hypotonic:

Answer 38

lower solute concentration

Question 39

what kind of things need active trasnport

Answer 39

small ions, amino acids, monosaccharides

Question 40

Transport Proteins

Answer 40

can use ATP to transport materials across the membrane; includes active transport (e.g., sodium-potassium pump) and facilitated diffusion

Question 41

Phagocytosis:

Answer 41

Phagocytosis: plasma membrane invaginates around undissolved material (solid), like bacteria

Question 42

Pinocytosis:

Answer 42

Pinocytosis: plasma membrane invaginates around dissolved material (liquid)

Question 43

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis:

Answer 43

form of pinocytosis in which specific molecules called ligands bind to receptors

Question 44

Anchoring Junction:

Answer 44

connects two cells together

Question 45

what kind of junction are desmosomes

Answer 45

anchoring junction

Question 46

Tight Junction:

Answer 46

encircles each cell, producing a seal that prevents the passage of materials between cells; is characteristic of cells lining the digestive tract

Question 47

Gap Junction:

Answer 47

narrow tunnels between animal cells; allow passage of ions and small molecules

Question 48

what do Carrier Proteins do

Answer 48

Changes shape after binding to specific molecule that enables it to be passed across membrane

Question 49

types of membrane proteins

Answer 49

channel, carrier, transport

Question 50

Channel Proteins

Answer 50

Passage through the membrane for hydrophilic (water-soluble), polar, and charged substances