DAT Reproductive System Cheat Sheet

Question 1

Diploid, non-reproductive cells
(E.g., muscle cells, skin cells, nerve cells)

Answer 1

somatic cells

Question 2

Diploid cells of embryonic origin and
gives rise to gametes via meiosis (E.g.,
spermatogonium, oogonium)

Answer 2

germ cell

Question 3

Haploid sex cells (E.g., egg and sperm)

Answer 3

gamete

Question 4

Birth to live young that receive nutrients
directly from the mother’s body

Answer 4

viviparity

Question 5

Fertilized eggs get laid then hatch later

Answer 5

oviparity

Question 6

Internally fertilized eggs hatch and give
birth to live young who continue to receive nutrients from
the yolk of the egg

Answer 6

ovivoparity

Question 7

Reproductive
structures responsible for
producing gametes.

Answer 7

gonads

Question 8

Site of sperm and male sex hormone production

Answer 8

testicles

Question 9

what within the testes produce sperm

Answer 9

seminiferous tube

Question 10

Stimulated by FSH and surround and
nurture the sperm

Answer 10

sertoli cells

Question 11

Secrete male hormones
(E.g., testosterone and androgens) in the presence of LH

Answer 11

Interstitial cells (Leydig cells):

Question 12

Coiled tube attached to each testicle that serves as
the site of final sperm maturation and stoOrage.

Answer 12

Epididymis:

Question 13

Transfers sperm from each epididymis to the
urethra.

Answer 13

Vas deferens:

Question 14

Excrete fluid into the vas deferens upon
ejaculation.

Answer 14

Seminal vesicles:

Question 15

Transports semen into vagina.

Answer 15

penis

Question 16

Produces eggs (ova).

Answer 16

ovary

Question 17

females have how many ovaries

Answer 17

2

Question 18

Responsible for moving
the eggs from the ovary to the uterus

Answer 18

Oviduct (Fallopian/Uterine Tube):

Question 19

Site of fertilization (where the sperm meets the egg).

Answer 19

Oviduct (Fallopian/Uterine Tube):

Question 20

WHAT of the oviduct sweep the egg into the
fallopian tube once released from the ovary.

Answer 20

The fimbriae

Question 21

Muscular chamber in which the embryo develops
until birth.

Answer 21

uterous

Question 22

Zygote attaches to WHAT after fertilization

Answer 22

uterine wall

Question 23

Muscular canal that serves as a birth canal during
delivery.

Answer 23

vagina

Question 24

The vagina is connected to the uterus via

Answer 24

the cervix

Question 25

3 components of sperm

Answer 25

head, mid piece, tail

Question 26

Contains several features, including the sperm DNA.

Answer 26

sperm head

Question 27

Lysosome-like organelle that penetrates the egg.

Answer 27

acrosome

Question 28

Haploid (23 chromosomes)... in head of sperm

Answer 28

pronucleous

Question 29

Plethora of mitochondria for energy. (sperm)

Answer 29

midpiece

Question 30

Flagellum-produces motion. sperm

Answer 30

tail

Question 31

pathway of sperm acronym to remember

Answer 31

seven up

Question 32

pathway of sperm

Answer 32

S – Seminiferous tubules E – Epididymis V – Vas deferens E – Ejaculatory duct n – nothing U – Urethra P – Penis

Question 33

Sperm fertilize the egg in the fallopian tube, and it continues to divide via

Answer 33

cleavage

Question 34

Heart begins beating, what week of dev

Answer 34

week 5

Question 35

Development of embryo has reached fetus stage, what week of dev

Answer 35

week 8

Question 36

Development has reached full term

Answer 36

week 40

Question 37

Meiotic cell divisions à producing eggs

Answer 37

oogenesis

Question 38

Oogenesis and follicular development occur in parallel to each other with 2 stages...

Answer 38

before birth and during adolescence to menopause

Question 39

During ovulation, the follicle will release...

Answer 39

the egg (secondary oocyte) out of the ovary and into the fallopian tube

Question 40

The egg enters the fallopian tube and is ready to...

Answer 40

potentially be fertilized

Question 41

The remaining follicle goes on to become the

Answer 41

corpus leurum

Question 42

if the released egg is not fertilized what happens to corpus leurum

Answer 42

it disintegrates

Question 43

development of egg + secretion of estrogen from follicle

Answer 43

follicular cycle

Question 44

midcycle release of egg à surge of LH

Answer 44

ovulation

Question 45

secretion of estrogen + progesterone from corpus luteum after ovulating

Answer 45

Luteal phase:

Question 46

males formation of gametes is called

Answer 46

Spermatogenesis

Question 47

a 2n spermatogonium undergoes mitosis and meiosis here to eventually mature into

Answer 47

4 sperm that then travel to the epididymis for storage

Question 48

Hypothalamus releases what in male reproductive cycle

Answer 48

GnRH

Question 49

GnRH triggers anterior pituitary to release

Answer 49

FSH and LH

Question 50

FSH stimulates what cells to do what

Answer 50

Sertoli cells to promote the development of the sperm

Question 51

(FSH stimulates what process

Answer 51

spermatogenesis

Question 52

LH stimulates what cells to do what

Answer 52

Leydig cells to release testosterone and androgens

Question 53

Upon fertilization, the egg implants into the uterine lining – If fertilization of the egg does not happen,...

Answer 53

it will fail to implant

Question 54

If implantation does occur, the placenta secretes

Answer 54

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 55

what doe hCG do

Answer 55

maintains the corpus luteum and stimulates it to release progesterone

Question 56

Estrogen + progesterone levels are spiked artificially high via medication, causing a negative feedback loop

Answer 56

female hormonal contraception