DAT Skeletal System Cheat Sheet

Question 1

internal skeleton under soft tissue

Answer 1

endoskeleton

Question 2

2 major components of endoskeleton

Answer 2

bone and cartilege

Question 3

An avascular, soft & flexible connective tissue.

Answer 3

cartilege

Question 4

is cartilage vascular or avascular

Answer 4

avascular

Question 5

A hard, strong, lightweight living connective tissue.

Answer 5

bone

Question 6

Supports soft tissue,

Answer 6

bone

Question 7

protects internal organs,

Answer 7

bone

Question 8

assists in locomotion,

Answer 8

bone

Question 9

what stores minerals

Answer 9

bone

Question 10

produces blood cells & stores energy in the form of adipose cells

Answer 10

boen

Question 11

what cells stores energy in bone

Answer 11

adipose cells

Question 12

where are adipose cells located

Answer 12

bone marrow

Question 13

If stress is put on a bone, osteoblasts deposit…

Answer 13

collagen, calcium, and phosphate to
strengthen the bone

Question 14

what mineral is made as a result of stress on the bone

Answer 14

hydroxyapatite

Question 15

Cells part of the mesenchymal stem
cell lineage that differentiate into
osteoblasts.

Answer 15

Osteoprogenitor/osteogenic

Question 16

bone cell incapable of mitosis

Answer 16

osteoctes

Question 17

Exchange nutrients & waste material with
blood,

Answer 17

osteocytes

Question 18

help regulate bone mass

Answer 18

osteocytes

Question 19

Secrete collagen & form organic
compounds for bone formation

Answer 19

osteoblasts

Question 20

Differentiate into osteocytes &
incapable of mitosis.

Answer 20

osteoblasts

Question 21

Resorb (break down) bone matrix &
release minerals (e.g. Ca2+) into blood

Answer 21

osteoclasts

Question 22

Multi-nucleated cells derived from
monocytes.

Answer 22

osteoclasts

Question 23

Basic framework of skeleton that includes the
skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

Answer 23

axial skeleton

Question 24

Bones of appendages, pectoral & pelvic girdle
(everything other than axial skeleton)

Answer 24

appendicular skeleton

Question 25

Immoveable joints that hold together bones of the skull.

Answer 25

sutures

Question 26

Bone to bone connectors that strengthen joints.

Answer 26

ligaments

Question 27

connects the femur to the tibia & limits rotational knee movement.

Answer 27

acl ligament

Question 28

Dense connective tissue that connect muscle to bone and allows for movement.

Answer 28

tendon

Question 29

An opening in the bone that allows for the passage of nerves.

Answer 29

foramen

Question 30

WHAT in the skull allows for the passage of the spinal cord.

Answer 30

Foramen magnum

Question 31

Point of attachment of muscle to stationary bone.

Answer 31

origin

Question 32

Point of attachment of muscle to bone that moves.

Answer 32

insertion

Question 33

Bending of joint.

Answer 33

flexion

Question 34

Straightening of joint.

Answer 34

extension

Question 35

(diaphysis)

Answer 35

long shaft

Question 36

Typically, a long shaft (diaphysis) & two ends,

Answer 36

long bone

Question 37

what does each end of a long bone have

Answer 37

metaphysis & epiphysis

Question 38

A sheet of cartilage found between the metaphysis & epiphysis.

Answer 38

Epiphyseal plate

Question 39

Location in which vertical bone growth occurs in the cartilage until being replaced by bone in adulthood.

Answer 39

epiphyseal plate

Question 40

Functional unit of compact bone;

Answer 40

osteon

Question 41

what includes lamellae + Haversian canals

Answer 41

osteon

Question 42

Very organized, dense bone

Answer 42

compact bone

Question 43

Concentric rings of compact bone that form the Haversian canals

Answer 43

lamellae

Question 44

Osteocytes trapped b/w lamellae reside here

Answer 44

Lacunae

Question 45

what do osteocytes trapped btw lamellae exchange nutrients via...

Answer 45

small canals (canaliculi)

Question 46

Connects blood vessels, & lymph vessels contained in Haversian canal

Answer 46

volkmanns canal

Question 47

Passageway for nerves, blood & lymph vessels

Answer 47

Haversian canals

Question 48

Hollow part of bone surrounded by compact bone

Answer 48

Medullary cavity

Question 49

Contains yellow bone marrow (fat) and red bone marrow

Answer 49

Medullary cavity

Question 50

what is yellow bone marrow

Answer 50

fat

Question 51

what is red bone marrow

Answer 51

(the site of hemopoiesis or red blood cell development)

Question 52

red blood cell development)

Answer 52

hemopoiesis

Question 53

Less dense consisting of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules called trabeculae.

Answer 53

spongy b0ne

Question 54

Spaces are filled with red bone marrow in what kind of bone

Answer 54

spongy

Question 55

Connects bones via dense connective tissue without allowing any movement.,, what joint

Answer 55

fibrous

Question 56

Bones are attached together by cartilage & allow for little movement.... what joint

Answer 56

cartilege

Question 57

what joint is in spine and ribs

Answer 57

cartilege

Question 58

Allows for movement ... what joint

Answer 58

synovial

Question 59

what fluid is in synovial joint that acts as lubricant

Answer 59

synovial