DAT Digestive System

Question 1

Initial digestion site

Answer 1

mouth

Question 2

food mixed wit saliva

Answer 2

bolus

Question 3

Area where food & air passages cross

Answer 3

Pharynx (Throat)

Question 4

blocks trachea so only liquid & solids enter

Answer 4

eliglottis

Question 5

Connects the mouth to the stomach

Answer 5

esophagus

Question 6

Bolus travels by…

Answer 6

by peristalsis via smooth muscle & salivary lubrication

Question 7

Food enters the stomach from the esophagus through the…

Answer 7

lower
esophageal/cardiac sphincter

Question 8

what is In gastric juice

Answer 8

(digestive enzymes & HCl)

Question 9

does absorption occur in stomach

Answer 9

no, none

Question 10

Responsible for storage, mixing, physical & chemical breakdown food

Answer 10

stomach

Question 11

(creamy mass of digested food)

Answer 11

chyme

Question 12

Secrete mucus

Answer 12

mucus cells

Question 13

Lubricates & protects the stomach’s
epithelial lining

Answer 13

mucus cells

Question 14

Secrete pepsinogen, which is activated by
low pH in stomach

Answer 14

chief cells

Question 15

Converts to pepsin

Answer 15

chief cells

Question 16

(digests proteins)

Answer 16

pepsin

Question 17

Secrete HCl

Answer 17

parietal cells

Question 18

Secrete gastrin,

Answer 18

gastrin

Question 19

stimulates parietal
cells to secrete stomach acid

Answer 19

gastrin

Question 20

Food enters the small intestine from the
stomach through the

Answer 20

pyloric sphincter

Question 21

Most digestion & absorption occurs here

Answer 21

small intestine

Question 22

The walls of the small intestine have
projections called

Answer 22

villi

Question 23

that increase
surface area, allowing for greater
absorption

Answer 23

villi

Question 24

Each villi has

Answer 24

microvilli

Question 25

3 Segments of the Small Intestine:

Answer 25

duodenum, jejunum, illeum

Question 26

Continues breakdown of starches and proteins & remaining food types

Answer 26

duodenum

Question 27

(majority of digestion occurs here)

Answer 27

duodenum

Question 28

Majority absorption of nutrients occurs here.

Answer 28

jejunum

Question 29

Absorption continues; contains Peyer’s patches (lymphoid tissue)

Answer 29

illeum

Question 30

Food enters the large intestine from the small intestine via the

Answer 30

ileocecal valve

Question 31

4 segments of ileocecal valve

Answer 31

Ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid

Question 32

large intestine terminates at...

Answer 32

rectom

Question 33

Major functions include... large intestine

Answer 33

both water & electrolyte absorption

Question 34

Symbiotic bacteria in large intestine aid in digestion and provide...

Answer 34

vitamin k and b12

Question 35

Produces bile,

Answer 35

liver

Question 36

contains no digestive enzymes but emulsifies fats

Answer 36

bile

Question 37

contains sodium bicarbonate to help neutralize stomach acid

Answer 37

bile

Question 38

Cystic duct + hepatic duct à

Answer 38

common bile duct

Question 39

Common bile duct + pancreatic duct ->

Answer 39

secretes into the duodenum

Question 40

Secretes bicarbonate and digestive enzymes to the duodenum

Answer 40

pancreas

Question 41

Trypsin/chymotrypsin

Answer 41

digest protein

Question 42

(digest lipids)

Answer 42

lipase

Question 43

(digest carbohydrates)

Answer 43

amylyse

Question 44

(digests nucleic acids)

Answer 44

nucleases

Question 45

Digestive Enzymes initially exist as

Answer 45

as zymogens (inactive).

Question 46

how do zymogens become active

Answer 46

cleaved in the small intestine to their active form

Question 47

Digestive Enzyme Flow:

Answer 47

Produced in pancreas à flow from pancreatic duct into duodenum à neutralizes acidic chyme from stomach & allows for digestion to occur