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From Flashcardlet > Med Term 14 > Flashcards

Med Term 14 Flashcards

1
Q

abdomin/o

A

abdomen

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2
Q

celi/o

A

abdomen

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3
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

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4
Q

an/o

A

anus

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5
Q

appendic/o

A

appendix

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6
Q

bil/i

A

bile

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7
Q

chol/e

A

bile

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8
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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9
Q

cheil/o

A

lip

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10
Q

col/o

A

colon

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11
Q

colon/o

A

colon

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12
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder or sac

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13
Q

dent/i

A

teeth

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14
Q

doch/o

A

duct

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15
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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16
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

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17
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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18
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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19
Q

gingiv/o

A

gum

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20
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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21
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue

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22
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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23
Q

hepatic/o

A

liver

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24
Q

herni/o

A

hernia

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25
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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26
Q

inguin/o

A

groin

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27
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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28
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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29
Q

or/o

A

mouth

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30
Q

stomat/o

A

mouth

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31
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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32
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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33
Q

phag/o

A

eat or swallow

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34
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

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35
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus

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36
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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37
Q

sail/o

A

saliva

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38
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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39
Q

steat/o

A

fat

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40
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

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41
Q

oral cavity

A

cavity that receives food for digestion

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42
Q

salivary glands

A

three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth that secrete saliva: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual

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43
Q

cheeks

A

lateral walls of the mouth

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44
Q

lips

A

fleshy structures surrounding the mouth

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45
Q

palate

A

structure that forms the roof f the mouth; it is divided into the hard and soft palate

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46
Q

uvula

A

small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate

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47
Q

tonue

A

muscular structure of the floor of the mouth covered by mucous membrane and held down by a band like membrane known as the frenulum

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48
Q

gums

A

tissue covering the processes of the jaws

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49
Q

teeth

A

hard bony projections in the jaws that serve to masticate

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50
Q

pharynx

A

throat; passageway for food traveling to the esophagus and air traveling to the larynx

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51
Q

esophagus

A

muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach

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52
Q

stomach

A

sac like organ that chemically mixes and prepares food received from the esophagus

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53
Q

cardiac sphincter

A

opening from the esophagus to the stomach

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54
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

opening of the stomach into the duodenum

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55
Q

small intestine

A

tubular structure that digests food received from the stomach

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56
Q

duodenum

A

first portion of the small intestine

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57
Q

jejunum

A

second portion of the small intestine

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58
Q

ileum

A

third portion of the small intestine

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59
Q

large intestine

A

larger tubular structure that receives the liquid waste products of digestion, reabsorbs water and minerals, and forms and stores feces for defecation

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60
Q

cecum

A

first part of the large intestine

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61
Q

vermiform appendix

A

wormlike projection of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum with no digestive function - may serve to resist infection

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62
Q

colon

A

portions of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum; identified by direction or shape

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63
Q

ascending colon

A

portion that extends upward from the cecum

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64
Q

transverse colon

A

portion that extends across from the ascending colon

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65
Q

descending colon

A

portion that extends down from the transverse colon

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66
Q

sigmoid colon

A

portion that terminates at the rectum

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67
Q

rectum

A

distal end portion of the large intestine

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68
Q

rectal ampulla

A

dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal

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69
Q

anus

A

opening oft he rectum to the outside of the body

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70
Q

feces

A

refuse; solid waste formed in the large intestine

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71
Q

defecation

A

evacuation of feces from the rectum

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72
Q

peritoneum

A

membrane surrounding the entire abdominal cavity consisting of the parietal layer and visceral layer

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73
Q

peritoneal cavity

A

space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum

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74
Q

omentum

A

an extension of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and connecting it with other abdominal organs

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75
Q

liver

A

organ in the upper right quadrant that produces bile, which is secreted into the duodenum during digestion

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76
Q

gallbladder

A

receptacle that stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver

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77
Q

pancreas

A

gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum, where it mixes with bile to digest food

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78
Q

biliary ducts

A

ducts that convey bile, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts

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79
Q

hypochondriac regions

A

upper lateral regions beneath the ribs

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80
Q

epigastric region

A

upper middle region below the sternum

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81
Q

lumbar regions

A

middle lateral regions

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82
Q

umbilical region

A

region of the navel

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83
Q

inguinal regions

A

lower lateral groin regions

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84
Q

hypogastric region

A

region below the navel

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85
Q

anorexia

A

loss of appetite

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86
Q

aphagia

A

inability to swallow

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87
Q

ascites

A

accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

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88
Q

buccal

A

in the cheek

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89
Q

constipation

A

infrequent or incomplete bowel movements characterized by hardened, dry stool that is difficult to pass

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90
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent loose or liquid stools

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91
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion

92
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty in swallowing

93
Q

eructation

A

belch

94
Q

faltulence

A

gas in the stomach or intestines

95
Q

halitosis

A

bad breath

96
Q

hematochezia

A

red blood in the stool

97
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

98
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlargement of the liver

99
Q

hyperbilirubinemia

A

excessive level of bilirubin (bile pigment) in the blood

100
Q

icterus

A

yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, and other tissues caused by excessive bilirubin the the blood (aka jaundice)

101
Q

melena

A

dark colored, tarry stool caused by old blood

102
Q

steatorrhea

A

feces containing fat

103
Q

hypoglossal

A

under the tongue

104
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth

105
Q

sialoadenitis

A

inflammation of the salivary gland

106
Q

parotitis

A

inflammation of the parotid gland; aka mumps

107
Q

cheilitis

A

inflammation of the lip

108
Q

glossitis

A

inflammation of the tongue

109
Q

ankyloglossia

A

tongue tie; a defect of the tone characterized by a short, thick frenulum

110
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

111
Q

esophageal varices

A

swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus especially susceptible to ulceration and hemorrhage

112
Q

esophagitis

A

inflammation of the esophagus

113
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

114
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

back flow of stomach contents into the esophagus, often as a result of abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter; causing burning pain in the esophagus

115
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowed condition of the pylorus

116
Q

peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

A

sore on the mucous membrane of the stomach, duodenum, or any other part of the gastrointestinal system exposed to gastric juices; commonly caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori

117
Q

gastric ulcer

A

ulcer located in the stomach

118
Q

duodenal ulcer

A

ulcer located in the duodenum

119
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

120
Q

enteritis

A

inflammation of the small intestine

121
Q

ileitis

A

inflammation of the lower portion of the small intestine

122
Q

colitis

A

inflammation of the colon

123
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

chronic inflammation of the colon along with ulceration

124
Q

diverticulum

A

abnormal side pocket in the gastrointestinal tract usually related to a lack of dietary fiber

125
Q

diverticulosis

A

presence of diverticula in the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the bowel

126
Q

diverticulitis

A

inflammation of diverticula

127
Q

dysentery

A

inflammation of the intestine characterized by frequency blood stools, most often caused by bacteria or protozoa

128
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix

129
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of a part from its normal location

130
Q

hiatal hernia

A

protrusion of part of the stomach upward through the hiatal opening in the diaphragm

131
Q

inguinal hernia

A

protrusion of a loop of the intestine through layers of the abdominal wall int he inguinal region

132
Q

incarcerated hernia

A

hernia that is swollen and fixed within a sac, causing an obstruction

133
Q

strangulated hernia

A

hernia that is constricted, cut off from circulation, and likely to become gangrenous

134
Q

umbilical hernia

A

protrusion of the intestine through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the navel

135
Q

intussusception

A

prolapse of one part of the intestine into the lumen of the adjoining part

136
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction

137
Q

polyposis

A

multiple polyps in the intestine and rectum with a high malignancy potential

138
Q

polyp

A

tumor on a stalk

139
Q

proctitis

A

inflammation of the tetum and anus

140
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal tube like passageway from the anus that may connect with the rectum

141
Q

hemorrhoid

A

swollen, twisted vein in the anal region

142
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum

143
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver

144
Q

hepatitis A

A

infectious inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), sully transmitted orally through fecal contamination of food or water

145
Q

hepatitis B

A

infectious inflammation of the lier caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids

146
Q

Hepatitis C

A

infectious inflammation of the lier caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that is transmitted by exposure to infected blood

147
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic disease characterized by degeneration of liver tissue, most often caused by alcoholism or a nutritional deficiency

148
Q

cholangitis

A

inflammation of the bile ducts

149
Q

cholecysttitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder

150
Q

cholelithiasis

A

presence of stones in the gallbladder or bile ducts

151
Q

choledocholithiasis

A

presence of stones in the common bile duct

152
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

153
Q

endoscopy

A

examination within a body cavity with a flexible endoscope for diagnosis or treatment; used in the GI tract to detect abnormalities and perform procedures such as biopsies, excision of lesions, dilations of narrowed areas, and removal of swallowed objects

154
Q

esophagoscopy

A

examination of the esophagus with an esophagoscope

155
Q

gastroscopy

A

examination of the stomach with a gastroscope

156
Q

upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

A

examination of the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum with a flexible endoscope; aka esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) or pandendoscopy

157
Q

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

A

endoscopic produce including x-ray fluoroscopy to examine the ducts of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

158
Q

laparoscopy

A

examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope - often including interventional surgical procedures

159
Q

peritoneoscopy

A

examination of the peritoneal cavity with a peritoneoscope; often performed to examine the liver and obtain a biopsy specimen

160
Q

capsule endoscopy

A

examination of the small intestine made by a tiny video camera placed in a capsule and swallowed; images are transmitted to a waist belt recorder and downloaded for assessment of possible abnormalities; traditional endoscopy cannot completely access the small intestine because of its length and complexity

161
Q

colonoscopy

A

examination of the colon using a flexible colonoscope

162
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

examination of the sigmoid colon with a rigid or flexible sigmoidoscope

163
Q

proctoscopy

A

examination of the rectum and aux with a proctoscope

164
Q

liver scan

A

scan of the liver made after injection of radioactive tracers into the bloodstream; used to detect tumors and functional abnormalities

165
Q

upper GI series

A

x-ray of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum after the patient has swallowed a contrast medium

166
Q

barium swallow

A

x-ray of the esophagus only; often used to locate swallowed object

167
Q

fluoroscopy

A

x-ray using a fluorescent screen to visualize structures in motion

168
Q

small bowel series

A

x-ray exam of the small intestine - generally done in condition with an upper GI series

169
Q

lower GI series barium enema

A

x-ray of the colon after administration of an enema containing a contrast medium

170
Q

cholangiogram

A

x-ray of the bile ducts; often performed during surgery

171
Q

cholecystogram

A

x-ray of the gallbladder taken after oral ingestion of iodine

172
Q

CT of abdomen

A

cross sectional x-ray of the abdomen used to identify a condition or anomaly within the GI tract

173
Q

CT colonography

A

computed tomographic image of the colon performed as an alternative to traditional invasive colonoscopy; aka virtual colonoscopy

174
Q

abdominal sonogram

A

ultrasound image of the abdomen to detect disease or deformity in organs and vascular structures

175
Q

endoscopic songoraphy

A

endoscopic producer using a son graphic transducer within an endoscope to examine a body cavity and make sonographic images of structures and tissues

176
Q

endoscopic biopsy

A

removal of a specimen for biopsy during an endoscopic procedure

177
Q

excisional biopsy

A

removal of an entire lesion for examination

178
Q

incisional biopsy

A

removal of a portion of a lesion for examination

179
Q

needle biopsy

A

percutaneous removal of a core specimen of tissue using a special hollow needle

180
Q

stool culture and sensitivity

A

chemical test of a stool specimen to detect the presence of blood; positive findings indicate bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract

181
Q

bariatric surgery

A

treatment of morbid obesity by surgery to the stomach and or intestines; procedures include restrictive techniques that limit the size of the stomach and malabsorptive techniques that limit the absorption of food

182
Q

cheiloplasty

A

repair of the lip

183
Q

glossectomy

A

excision of all or part of the tongue

184
Q

glossorrhaphy

A

suture of the tongue

185
Q

esophagoplasty

A

repair of the esophagus

186
Q

gastrectomy

A

partial or complete removal of the stomach

187
Q

gastric resection

A

partial removal and repair of the stomach

188
Q

abdominocentesis

A

puncture of the abdomen for aspiration of fluid

189
Q

paracentesis

A

puncture of the abdomen for aspiration of fluid

190
Q

laparotomy

A

incision into the abdomen

191
Q

laparoscopic surgery

A

abdominal surgery suing a laparoscope

192
Q

herniorrhaphy

A

repair of a hernia

193
Q

hernioplasty

A

repair of a hernia

194
Q

colostomy

A

creation of an opening in the colon through the abdominal wall to create an abdominal aux allowing stool to bypass a diseased portion of the colon; perfumed to treat ulcerative colitis, cancer, or obstructions

195
Q

anastomosis

A

union of two hollow vessels; used in bowel surgery

196
Q

ileostomy

A

surgical creation of an opening on the abdomen to which the end of the ileum is attached, providing a passageway for ileal discharges; performed after removed of the colon

197
Q

appendectomy

A

excision of a diseased appendix

198
Q

incidental appendectomy

A

removal of the appendix during abdominal surgery for another procedure

199
Q

polypectomy

A

excision of polyps

200
Q

proctoplasty

A

repair of the anus and rectum

201
Q

anal fistulectomy

A

excision of an anal fistula

202
Q

hemorrhoidectomy

A

excision of hemorrhoids

203
Q

hepatic lobectomy

A

excision of a lobe o the liver

204
Q

cholecystectomy

A

excision of the gallbladder

205
Q

laparoscopic cholecystectomy

A

excision of the gallbladder through a laparoscope

206
Q

cholelithotomy

A

incision for removal of gallstones

207
Q

choledocholithotomy

A

incision of the common bile duct for extraction of gallstones

208
Q

cholelithotripsy

A

crushing of gallstones

209
Q

pancreatectomy

A

excision of the pancreas

210
Q

gastric lavage

A

oral insertion of a tube into the stomach for examination and treatment, like to remove blood clots from the stomach and monitor bleeding

211
Q

nasogastric (NG) intubation

A

inset ion of a tube through the nose into the stomach for various purposes

212
Q

antacid

A

drug that neutralizes stomach acid

213
Q

antiemetic

A

drug that prevents or stops vomiting

214
Q

antispasmodic

A

drug that decreases motility in the gastrointestinal tract to arrest spasm or diarrhea

215
Q

cathartic

A

drug that causes movement of the bowels (aka laxative)

216
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

217
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

218
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

219
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

220
Q

HAV/HBV/HCV

A

hepatitis A/B/C virus

221
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

222
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

223
Q

NG

A

nasogastric

224
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

225
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

226
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

From Flashcardlet (133 decks)

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