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From Flashcardlet > NURSING I: NUTRITION CH 3 - Micronutrients of Balanced Meals > Flashcards

NURSING I: NUTRITION CH 3 - Micronutrients of Balanced Meals Flashcards

0
Q

2 Types of Vitamins:

A
  1. Fat-Soluble

2. Water-Soluble

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1
Q

4 Micronutrients:

A
  1. Vitamins
  2. Minerals
  3. Phytochemical
  4. Water
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2
Q

True/False:

Vitamins are organic, and can be broken down.

A

True

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3
Q

Vitamins are grouped by the ability to dissolve in ___ or ___.

A

fat or water.

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4
Q

4 Fat-Soluble Vitamins:

A
  1. A
  2. D
  3. E
  4. K
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5
Q

Water-Soluble Vitamins are all __ Vitamins and Vitamin ___.

A

B Vitamins and Vitamin C.

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6
Q

Sources of Vitamin A

A
  1. Carotene (deep orange color): carrots, canned pumpkin, sweet potatoes
  2. Dark green, leafy vegetables: spinach, romaine lettuce, broccoli
  3. Liver: chicken liver, cod-liver oil
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7
Q

Vitamin A Deficiencies

A 
Nyctalopia (night blindness)
Keratinized Skin (rough, dry skin)
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8
Q

Sources of Vitamin D

A
  1. Milk (fortified)
  2. Salmon
  3. Sardines
  4. Shrimp
  5. Herring
  6. Sun!
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9
Q

Vitamin D Deficiencies

A
  1. Rickets (children)
  2. Osteomalacia (adults)
  3. Hypertension
  4. Osteoporosis
  5. Certain cancers
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10
Q

Vitamin A Functions

A
  1. Retinal health (vision)
  2. Epithelial health (skin)
  3. Immunity
  4. Bone growth
  5. Reproduction
  6. Prevents Iron Deficiency
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11
Q

Vitamin D Functions

A
  1. Absorption of Calcium (bones and teeth)
  2. Healthy Immune System
  3. Prevent “winter blues” (SAD)
  4. Regulate BP
  5. Tumor suppressant
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12
Q

Sources of Vitamin E

A
  1. Nuts (sunflower seeds & oil, almonds, hazelnuts, peanuts, peanut butter)
  2. Wheat germ
  3. Soy milk
  4. Turnip greens
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13
Q

Vitamin E Functions

A
  1. Fetal growth

2. Prevents cellular damage (hemolysis; RBC from rupturing)

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14
Q

Vitamin E Deficiencies

A
  1. Breakdown of RBCs
  2. Neurologic Disorders
  3. Ataxia (problems with muscle coordination)
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15
Q

Vitamin E during pregnancy may reduce ___.

A

risk of childhood asthma.

16
Q

Sources of Vitamin K

A
  1. Green, leafy vegetables (kale, spinach, broccoli, cabbage, brussels sprouts)
  2. Green tea
  3. Blueberries
  4. Butter
  5. Soybean oil
  6. Legumes
17
Q

Vitamin K Functions

A
  1. Blood clotting
  2. Vascular Function
  3. Strong Bones
18
Q

Vitamin K Deficiencies

A
  1. Hemorrhage

2. Osteoporosis

19
Q

Sources of Vitamin B1 - THIAMIN

A

Rice, wheat germ, whole grain bread, white bread
pork, ham, liver
black-eyed peas
tuna

20
Q

Vitamin B1 Deficiencies

A

BeriBeri (muscle wasting)

21
Q

Most B Vitamins are found in ____ and ___.

A

whole grains and legumes.

22
Q

Sources of Vitamin B2 - Riboflavin

A

Mainly in milk, eggs, peanuts, organ meats:

yogurt/milk, hard cooked eggs, soybeans, whole grain bread, beef liver, spinach

23
Q

Vitamin B2 Functions

A
  1. Metabolism of Carbs, Fats, Proteins

2. Healthy skin, lips, tongue, eye surface

24
Q

Vitamin B2 Deficiencies

A
  1. Cheilosis
  2. Tongue inflammation
  3. Sensitive eyes
  4. Scaling, burning skin
25
Q

Vitamin B2 inhibits the absorption of ___.

A

zinc.

26
Q

Sources of Vitamin B3 - Niacin

A 
Beef liver
Chicken, Turkey, Beef
Tuna/Halibut
Rice, Whole wheat flour
Mushrooms
27
Q

Vitamin B3 Functions

A
  1. Energy metabolism
  2. Physical / Mental Health
  3. Skin, Tongue, Digestive System
28
Q

Vitamin B3 Deficiency

A

Pellagra, “4 Ds” (Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Dementia, Death)

29
Q

Source of Vitamin B12

A

Clams, Sardines
Beef, Beef Liver
Yogurt, Milk, Eggs

30
Q

Vitamin B12 Deficiencies

A

Pernicious anemia

31
Q

Vitamin B12 is only found in ___.

A

animal products.

32
Q

Vitamin B12 Functions

A
  1. Hemoglobin synthesis (RBC)
  2. Functioning of ALL cells
    a) nervous system
    b) bone marrow
    c) GI Tract
33
Q

Folic Acid is an important __ Vitamin

A

B

34
Q

Folic Acid Functions

A
  1. formation of RBCs
  2. GI function
  3. metabolism of Protein
  4. Development of spinal column (Spina bifida)
35
Q

Sources of Folic Acid

A

enriched cereals, rice, wheat germ, bread
lentils, black beans, kidney beans, chickpeas
greens, broccoli, collard greens
orange juice
liver

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