PSYCHOLOGY: Chapter 14 - VOCABULARY - Social Psychology Flashcards
Predispositions or tendencies to act
Attitudes
The study of the ways in which humans use thoughts, perceptions, motives, feelings, and behavior when interacting with each other
Social Psychology
Unpleasant state of conflict that we experience when our behavior does not match our attitudes
Cognitive dissonance
A set of beliefs or expectations about other people based on experience
Schema
The theory that early information about someone may weigh more heavily on impressions of others than later information
Primary effect
Set of characteristics believed to be shared by all members of a social category
Stereotypes
Small amount of truth
Kernal of truth
People look for an explanation of behavior by associating either internal or external causes to behavior
Attribution theories
Overestimating internal causes for someone else’s behavior while underestimating external causes
Fundamental attribution error
The tendency to assign internal causes for successes and external causes for failures
Self-serving bias
Not attributing someone’s behavior to external attributes because you may react the same way in a similar situation
Defensive attribution
The belief that good things happen to good people, and bad things, to bad people
Belief in a just world
(5) Types of Social Influence
- Social Norms
- Social Roles
- Conformity
- Compliance
- Obedience
Expectations about how we should act
Social norms
Expected behavior based on your position in society
Social roles
When two or more roles that the same person plays comes into conflict
Inter-role conflict
When one role makes different demands
Intra-role conflict
Going along with others if it appears they have more information than you do
Informational conformity effect
Going along with others because of a desire to fit in socially
Normative conformity effect