Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Dairy Bowl > 2012 INT Contest Questions > Flashcards

2012 INT Contest Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Name the hormone that maintains pregnancy.

A

progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List 3 causes of scours.

A

overcrowding, overfeeding, unsanitary calving conditions, inadequate colostrum, poor quality milk replacer, poor quality colostrum, inadequate ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How can you prevent Johannes disease?

A

prevent newborn calves and young animals from ingesting manure from adults through feed, water, environment or dam; calving areas clean and dry, free of manure, well bedded; remove calf from dam immediately after birth; do use same equipment to clean manure and to load feed; do not walk in feed bunks; sell at birth all calves from positive test cows; do ot allow positive test cows to calve; identify & remove infected cows alond with their manure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the difference between sterility and infertility?

A

sterility describes and animal that cannot produce while infertility describes and animal that is neither normally fertile nor totally sterile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name 3 macrominerals.

A

calcium, chlorine, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a metabolic disorder?

A

a condition which occurs when problems occur in any metabolic function of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the formula to calculate breeding value?

A

Sire’s transmitting ability + dam’s tansmitting ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dairy cattle have how many chromosome pairs?

A

30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When is a bullproof is available?

A

3-5 years after semen distributed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is one of the frequent causes of antibiotics in milk?

A

masititis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a CAFO? What do the letter stand for?

A

concentrated animal feeding operation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name 2 elements found in protein.

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What fast food chain uses the most milk?

A

McDonald’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What would disqualify you/your animal from a dairy cattle show?

A

blid quarter, freemartin heifer, permanent lameness, total blindness, tampering to concela faults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the milk process called that heats milk?

A

pasteurization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name 2 external parasites.

A

lice, ticks, flies, mites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What vitamin is essential for strong, healthy bones and teeth?

A

Vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Give 3 methods to reduce soil erosion.

A

contour cropping, cover crop, grass waterways, reduced tillage, soil seeding, strip cropping, terracing, wind breaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name the 2 main functions of the ovary.

A

poduce ova; secrete hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

A

genotype is the genetic makeup of the animal; phenotype is the observed trait of an individual that results from the genotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Explain the difference between mobidity and mortality?

A

morbidity is the nimber of sick animals while mortality is the number of dead animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is a weight tape placed?

A

around the body, behind the shoulders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe the correlation between age and milk consumption.

A

as age INCREASES then milk consumption DECREASES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cheese and nonfat milk are traded where?

A

Chicago Mercantile Exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
List 2 valuable nutrients lost through silage seepage.
protein, minerals, organic acids, soluable sugars
26
A farmer adminsiters medicine without a vet that is not recommended for the illness. Is this legal?
no extra-lable drug use is not legal
27
Name the symptoms of ringworm and how you would treat it.
scaly patches on skin, hair loss; treat with anti-fungal cream
28
The 305 milk production is highest in cows calving in what months?
November, December, January
29
The first milk from the cow is called what?
colostrum
30
Where are wattles located on a dairy goat?
under the neck on either side
31
What is the cows first line of defense against mastitis?
teat canal
32
What organ is repsosible for gluconeogensis?
liver
33
What color is a colostrometer when it is reading high quality?
green - high quality/ red - low quality
34
Which organ follows the omasum?
abomasum
35
Why is it beneficial to cross breed to separate breeds?
crossbreeding increases hybrid vigor (increases the number of heterozygous gene pairs(Rr), which concentrates superior qualities so that offspring perform above the average of the parents)
36
What term describes the movement of nitrates through soils to groundwater?
leeching
37
What is the most important factor to consider when breeding a heifer?
body size
38
What vitamin is necessary to maintain proper eyesight?
Vitamin A
39
What types of secretions are produced by the pancreas?
buffers that neutralize the acid from the abomasum, enzymes that aid digestion, hormones like insulin and glucagon
40
What is withdrawal time and where is it found?
The withdrawal time is the time required to wait after giving an animal medication, before its milk or meat may be sold
41
What is a toxin?
a poison produced by a microorganism that kills cells
42
What organs are infected by the disease BLV or bovine leukosis virus?
lymph nodes, heart, GI tract, liver, spleen, uterus, kidney (not in our literature)
43
What does the acronym MUN stand for?
milk urea nitrogen - shows how well nitrogen and fermentable carbohydrates are balanced in the ration
44
During which season do most abortions occur?
summer (not found in our literature)
45
Who was the first bull to produce 1 million units of semen?
Fisher-Place Mandingo
46
Which breed produces the most milk on average?
Holstein
47
What is the corpus luteum?
temporary gland that forms on the ovary after the ovum is released
48
According to the PDCA Unified Scorecard, what is a perfect score for the rump?
5 points
49
A squawking teat cup line is a sign of what malfunction?
milking wet teats, improper liner design, cluster weight, vacuum fluctuations
50
What document establishes the standards for Grade A milk?
PMO - Pasteurized Milk Ordinance
51
Name the six breeds that can have off white spots?
Ayrshire, Guernsey, Red & White and Black & White Holstein, Jersey, Milking Shorthorn Note: ONLY Brown Swiss are NOT allowed any white markings
52
An ear tattoo is allowable identification for which breeds?
Brown Swiss, Milking Shorthorn
53
In the dairy show ring, which direction do you walk when showing your cow?
clockwise
54
What happens to the fiber content of grass as it matures?
fiber content increases with age
55
What is added to fat free milk in order to whiten it?
titanium dioxide
56
What is the term for excessive gas in the rumen?
bloat
57
Give 3 factors that affect the dairy cow's environment?
climate, season of the year, herd size, housing type, frequency and duration of confinement housing, management of cows and facilities
58
Give 4 reasons cows are culled from the herd?
low production, mastitis, reproduction, udder, feet and legs, disease, imjury, disposition
59
Name 4 common dairy bedding materials?
newspaper, recycled manure solids, sand, sawdust, shavings, straw
60
Considering nutrient management, what affects the nutrient levels of manure?
climate, crop, amount of added feed, bedding and water, method of storage, method of application, method of collection, time of application, type of feed ration
61
What are 4 important points to consider when choosing a cow?
age, breed, health, pedigree, conformation
62
Who holds the patent for condensed milk?
Borden
63
Energy comes from what 3 dietary sources?
fats, proteins, carbohydrates
64
Name the primary protein in milk?
casein
65
Once calves are weaned they can be moved from individual hutches into group housing. The calves are sorted into groups based on what?
size and age
66
A deficiency of what mineral is responsible for milk fever?
calcium
67
What country has the most cows?
India
68
What is the male reproductive hormone?
testosterone
69
Increased levels of Vitamin K in forage increased incidence of what metabolic disease?
milk fever
70
Soybean meal is added to rations to provide what nutrient?
protein
71
Who receives an ovum from a donor? (ova are eggs, ovum is one egg)
recipient
72
What does the term anaerobic mean?
without oxygen
73
How often does one give a Prosilac injection?
every 14 days
74
What are the two leading causes for death in cattle?
scours, pneumonia
75
Minerals needed in the largest amount are called what?
macrominerals
76
What is the main function of the large intestine?
absorb water
77
What do you call the movement of nutrients across the surface of soils to surface water?
runoff (also referred to as non-point souce pollution)
78
What is the optimal temperature for milk stored on the farm?
under 40ºF
79
If a vet gives a subcutaneous needle, how is the needle going into the cow?
going under the skin (SUB Q)
80
What is the name of the process that mixes the fat into the milk?
homogenization
81
What is a reduction sale?
a sale of dairy cows by the farmer
82
The letters HL represent the gentic code for what trait?
hairless
83
What is the primary acid found in the abomasum?
hydrochloric acid
84
How many amino acids are found in proteins?
20 standard amino acid, 10 are essential, lysine and methionine are the most limiting amino acids
85
Blackleg is an acute fever producing disease that occurs in what farm animals?
cattle and sheep
86
What is the term used to describe the process of rechewing forages?
remasticiation
87
What does the acronym TMDL stand for?
total maximum daily load (a term in the Clean Water Act that describes a value of the maximum amount of pollutant a body a water can receive and still meet water quality standards)
88
Which farm animal is known as seasonally polyestrous?
goat (cows are polyestous and can go into heat several times a year, however, goats go into heat only during a specific season of the year)
89
Leukocytes are also known as what?
white blood cells
90
What is the term for when a cow belches?
eructation
91
Vitamin K is essential for what?
the clotting of blood
92
What methods can be used to prevent new mastitis cases?
teat dipping, treating dry cows with antibiotics
93
What is the recommended crude protein content of calf starter?
18-22%
94
What is GnRH and what is its function?
Gonadotropin releasing hormone, which causes release of LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
95
What is palatability?
tastiness
96
What would a calving evaluation score be if a cow's calving was extrememly difficult?
5
97
What is bypass protein?
protein unchanged by the rumen microbes
98
The genetic base for USDA-AIPL genetic evaluations is updated every five years. What year was it last updated?
2010
99
What volume of colostrum should be given to a newborn calf within one hour after birth?
3-4 quarts (the calf's ability to absorb antibodies decreases within 12 hours)
100
What is the sac-like structure in the udder, where milk is produced?
alveoli
101
What are 2 signs of a nervous cow?
bawling, pacing
102
How long is the estrous cycle?
21 days
103
What are the dangers of overmilking?
teat damage, mastitis
104
The abomasum contains what enzymes?
pepsin and renin
105
What is the average length of thedairy cattl small intestine?
130 feet
106
What mineral has a negative charge?
chlorine and sulfur (these are anions - negatively charged ion - a molecule or atom where the electrons and protons are not equal, giving the molecule a postitive or negative charge)
107
What nutrient is 75% of the cow by weight?
water
108
Name 2 factors that affect the quality of hay?
the type, storage, fertilizer, cut
109
In 2012,there were 34 million acres in CRP. What is the CRP?
Conservation Reserve Program
110
Name 4 reasons a cow goes lame.
abscess, foot rot, infection, injury, soft sole syndrom, trimming too close
111
Name the steps of rumination.
regurgitate, masticate, swallow, eructation
112
The plug that forms in the teat canal is made of what?
keratin
113
Give 2 things to do immediately after a calf is born.
check breathing, make physical assesment, feed colostrum
114
Give 4 ways water is excreted by the cow.
convection, conduction, radiation, evaporation
115
Is shelled corn a forage or a concentrate?
concentrate
116
What is the liquid in the small intestine called?
chyme
117
Give 2 methods used to detect pregnancy.
not coming into heat, ultrasound

Dairy Bowl (57 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions