Antimalarial Drugs Flashcards
Prevents POLYMERIZATION OF HEME into hemozoin
BLOOD schizonticide
May precipitate PORPHYRIA
Chloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine
Amodiaquine
Piperaquine
SE:
RETINAL DAMAGE
AUDITORY IMPAIRMENT
Complexes with DNA to prevent strand separation
Blocks DNA replication and transcription
DOC for malaria in PREGNANT patients
Quinine
Quinidine gluconate
SE:
BLACKWATER FEVER
CINCHONISM
Forms electron transferring redox compounds that act as cellular oxidants
TISSUE schizonticide
Gametocide
ERADICATES hypnozoites in the liver PREVENTING malarial RELAPSE
Primaquine
SE:
Methemoglobinemia
Disrupts mitochondrial electron transport
BLOOD and TISSUE schizonticide
Atovaquone - Proguanil
Sequential blockade of folic acid synthesis
BLOOD schizonticide
SPORONTICIDE (Pyrimethamine)
Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine
SE:
Folic Acid Deficiency
Impairs progeny of malarial apicoplast genes — abnormal cell division
BLOOD schizonticide
for chemoprophylaxis
Doxycycline
DOC for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Philippines
Artemether-Lumefantrine (Co-Artem)
Forms toxic free radicals in malarial food vacuole
BLOOD schizonticide
Artemisinin
Artesunate
Artemether
Dihydroartemisinin
First line malarial treatment recommended by the WHO for CHILDREN, ADULTS and PREGNANT WOMAN in 2nd or 3rd trimester
Artemisin based combination therapy
Chloroquine sensitive P. falciparum
Chloroquine
P. vivax and P. ovale
Chloroquine then Primaquine
Uncomplicated Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum
Artemether + Lumefantrine (CoArtem)
Malarone or Mefloquine or Quinine Sulfate +
Clindamycin or other Artemisinin-based
combination regimen
Severe or Complicated P. falciparum
Artesunate then Doxycycline or Clindamycin
or CoArtem ; Quinidine gluconate / Artemether or Quinine dihydrochloride
