Drugs for Asthma and COPD Flashcards
Acute Attacks of Bronchospasm (Relievers)
Bronchodilators or Relievers SABA Muscarinic Antagonists Methylxanthines IV Corticosteroids
Long Term Prevention and Prophylaxis (Controllers)
Use anti-inflammatory drugs and controllers Corticosteroids LABA Mast Cell Stabilizers Anti IgE, IL5, IL5R, IL4R antibodies Leukotriene Antagonists
Short Acting Beta 2 Agonists
Acute Asthma Attacks (DOC)
May precipitate in concurrent COPD and heart disease
Salbutamol (Albuterol) Terbutaline Levalbuterol Metaproterenol Pirbuterol Procaterol Fenoterol Bitolterol
Long Acting Beta 2 Agonists
Given together with ICS
FABCVIOS
Formoterol Arformoterol Bambuterol Clenbuterol Vilanterol Indacaterol Olodaterol Salmeterol
LABA with ULTRA long acting half life
Vilanterol
Indacaterol
Olodaterol
Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist (M2 receptor (-))
acute asthma
COPD
less toxic than B agonists in patients with COPD
SAMA
Ipratropium
LAMA
Tiotropium
Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium
Methylxanthines
PDE inhibition and adenosine receptor antagonist – bronchodilation
prophylactic against nocturnal asthma
Theophylline
Aminophylline
Pentoxifylline
Doxofylline
Methylxanthines used for intermittent claudication
Pentoxifylline
(-) phospholipase A2
activates glucocorticoid response element
DOC - asthma prophylaxis
SE: oropharyngeal candidiasis
Fluticasone Beclomethasone Budesonide Ciclesonide Flunisolide Mometasone Triamcinolone
Lowest systemic steroid toxicity
Ciclesonide
Leukotriene Synthesis Inhibitor
(-) 5-lipooxygenase (LOX)
SE: hepatitis, transaminitis
Zileuton
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist
blocks leukotriene receptor
SE: neuropsychiatric effect, Churg Strauss syndrome
Montelukast
Zafirlukast
Pranlukast
Mast Cell Stabilizer
asthma prophylaxis
SE: cough airway irritation
Cromolyn
Lodoxamide
Nedocromil
Anti-IgE Antibodies
binds IgE antibodies on mast cells
prophylaxis of severe, refractory asthma NOT responsive to all other drugs
SE: anaphylactic reactions
Omalizumab
Anti-IL 5
Mepolizumab
Reslizumab
