Autonomic Nervous System (Phys)

Question 1

What are the 3 divisions of the ANS?

Answer 1

1) sympathetic
2) parasympathetic
3) enteric

Question 2

What are the 4 main things the ANS controls?

Answer 2

1) involuntary
2) sympathy
3) organic
4) visceral

Question 3

The ANS regulates ______ activities

Answer 3

visceral

Question 4

What are 3 main things the ANS controls organ-wise?

Answer 4

1) smooth muscle
2) glands
3) secretions

Question 5

The ANS operates regardless of ______ state

Answer 5

mental

Question 6

What are the 2 functional divisions of the ANS?

Answer 6

sympathetic
parasympathetic

Question 7

The sympathetic nervous system is nicknamed what?

Answer 7

fight or flight

Question 8

The parasympathetic nervous system is nicknamed what?

Answer 8

rest and digest

Question 9

What divisions of the ANS are a part of the CNS? PNS?

Answer 9

parasympathetic AND sympathetic

enteric

Question 10

Enteric nervous system receives stimuli from the ______ _______ only

Answer 10

digestive tract

Question 11

The autonomic pathway consists of a ____-_______ chain

Answer 11

two-neuron chain

Question 12

_______ fibers extend from CNS to autonomic ganglions

Answer 12

preganglionic

Question 13

___________ fibers innervate effector organs

Answer 13

postganglionic

Question 14

Which parts of the ANS are considered part of the CNS (cell level)?

Answer 14

preganglionic neuronal cell bodies

Question 15

Which parts of the ANS are considered part of the PNS (cell level)?

Answer 15

extension of preganglionic fibers (axons)

postganglionic neurons

postganglionic fibers

Question 16

The cell bodies of postganglionic neurons are located in peripheral ganglia named _______, ________, and _________

Answer 16

paravertebral
prevertebral
terminal

Question 17

The sympathetic pre-ganglionic neurons are mostly in the ______ horn of the spinal cord

Answer 17

lateral
(T1-L2/3)

Question 18

The sympathetic preganglionic axons will separate into ______ and ________ ________ axons before going to ganglia

Answer 18

sympathetic
somatic motor

Question 19

White rami communicans are _________ and is where the preganglionic axons _______ paravertebral ganglia

Answer 19

myelinated
enter

Question 20

Gray rami communicans are _________ and is where the postganglionic axons _______ paravertebral ganglia

Answer 20

unmyelinated
leave

Question 21

What are the 3 different “fates” a preganglionic axon can have once entered a paravertebral ganglion?

Answer 21

1) synapse with ganglion
2) travel through sympathetic chain to synapse at neighboring ganglion
3) enter splanchnic nerves to synapse at PREvertebral ganglion

Question 22

Which ganglia lie ventrolateral to spinal cord and make the sympathetic trunk?

Answer 22

paravertebral

Question 23

Sympathetic postganglionic neurons are located where? Where do they go?

Answer 23

paravertebral OR prevertebral ganglia

splanchnic nerves/target organs

Question 24

Which type of ganglion lies in front of the aorta and along major blood vessel branches?

Answer 24

prevertebral ganglia

Question 25

What are the 4 major prevertebral ganglia? Why are they named this way?

Answer 25

celiac ganglia aorticorenal cranial mesenteric caudal mesenteric adjacent to similarly named artery

Question 26

Which ganglia innervates the stomach, gallbladder, and liver?

Answer 26

celiac

Question 27

Which ganglia innervates the kidneys?

Answer 27

aorticorenal

Question 28

Which ganglia innervates the intestines?

Answer 28

cranial mesenteric

Question 29

Which ganglia innervates the reproductive organs and rectum?

Answer 29

caudal mesenteric

Question 30

Neuronal cell bodies in the midbrain for the eye synapse where in the spinal cord?

Answer 30

C7-T5

Question 31

What are the steps to innervating the eye?

Answer 31

preganglionic axons go up Vago sympathetic trunk enter cranial cervical ganglia innervates smooth muscles, eyelid, and iris dilator muscles

Question 32

Myosis is...

Answer 32

contracture of the pupil

Question 33

What is Horners Syndrome?

Answer 33

damage to axons for eye innervation, typically traumatic

Question 34

Adrenal medulla, part of the ________ nervous system, mainly adrenal gland secretions

Answer 34

sympathetic

Question 35

What are the 2 parts of the adrenal gland? What controls each section?

Answer 35

cortex -HPA axis medulla -neurologic control

Question 36

The adrenal medulla secretes compounds directly into the ______

Answer 36

bloodstream

Question 37

Cell bodies of the parasympathetic nervous system are located where?

Answer 37

brainstem sacral spinal cord (S1-S3 in K9s)

Question 38

The parasympathetic is nicknamed as the ________ division

Answer 38

craniosacral

Question 39

Preganglionic axons leave the brainstem as part of 4 cranial nerves. What are they?

Answer 39

1) occulomotor (CN3) 2) facial (CN 7) 3) glossopharyngeal (CN9) 4) vagus (CN10)

Question 40

The preganglionic axons that leave the sacral spinal cord are a part of the _______ ________ nerves

Answer 40

pelvic splanchnic

Question 41

Preganglionic axons travel within which cranial nerve?

Answer 41

vagus

Question 42

Which nerve innervates all the viscera in the thoracic/abdominal cavities?

Answer 42

vagus

Question 43

Preganglionic axons of the parasympathetic nervous system leave through _____ roots to get to ______ ganglia

Answer 43

ventral terminal

Question 44

Terminal ganglia are located where?

Answer 44

within walls of target organs

Question 45

Most visceral organs receive ____ _________

Answer 45

dual innervation

Question 46

The 2 parts of the ANS will exert ______ effects on a particular organ

Answer 46

opposite