Neurophysiology

Question 1

A synapse connects a _____-______ neuron to a _____-_______ neuron OR _______ ________

Answer 1

pre-synaptic
post-synaptic
terminal organ

Question 2

What are some types of neurotransmitters? What do they do?

Answer 2

monoamine
amino acid
small molecules
proteins

transfer information between neurons

Question 3

What is the first step of neurotransmission?

Answer 3

molecules are delivered via vesicles at presynaptic membrane of terminal

Question 4

What is the second step of neurotransmission?

Answer 4

presynaptic membrane depolarizes due to an action potential

Question 5

What is the third step of neurotransmission?

Answer 5

depolarization of presynaptic membrane causes opening of voltage-gated Ca channels

Question 6

What is the fourth step of neurotransmission?

Answer 6

increase of Ca in the presynaptic membrane triggers fusion of the vesicles to presynaptic membrane by a SNARE complex

Question 7

What is the fifth step of neurotransmission?

Answer 7

the vesicle of transmitters is released into ECF and diffuses passively through synaptic cleft

Question 8

What is the sixth step of neurotransmission?

Answer 8

transmitter molecules bind and activate receptors in post-synaptic membrane, causing either an opening of an ion channel of activation of G-protein signal cascade

Question 9

What is the seventh step of neurotransmission?

Answer 9

signal termination through…
1) diffusion of transmitters
2) enzymatic degradation of transmitters
3) active uptake of transmitters into cells

Question 10

In which fluid compartment is there a higher concentration of calcium?

Answer 10

ECF

Question 11

Is calcium a positive or negative charged ion?

Answer 11

positive

Question 12

What is the term for preformed storage vesicles for neurotransmitters?

Answer 12

synaptic vesicles

Question 13

Synaptic vesicle membranes are recycled after being coated with _________

Answer 13

clatharin