Chapter 14 MC

Question 1

Eysenck identified traits through the use of

a. twin studies.
b. factor analysis.
c. intuition.
d. ability tests.

Answer 1

b

Question 2

A trait is best described as

a. a cluster of surface factors.
b. a temporary attitude toward a person or event.
c. a relatively permanent disposition of a person.
d. an environmentally determined hypothetical construct that shapes an individual's behavior and thought.

Answer 2

c

Question 3

Mathematically, the technique of reducing a number of variables to a smaller number is called

a. induction.
b. the experimental method.
c. variance.
d. factor analysis.

Answer 3

d

Question 4

Which of the following would be a bipolar trait?

a. height
b. extraversion/introversion
c. general intelligence
d. artistic interest

Answer 4

b

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

a. Traits are of two kinds—dispositional and hypothetical.
b. Traits are more permanent than states.
c. Traits represent a broader concept than factors.
d. Traits cannot be extracted through the use of factor analysis.

Answer 5

b

Question 6

Which label best fits Hans Eysenck?

a. psychologist
b. psychoanalyst
c. physician
d. sociologist

Answer 6

a

Question 7

In Eysenck’s theory, superfactors are also called

a. source traits.
b. personal dispositions.
c. states.
d. types.

Answer 7

d

Question 8

According to Eysenck, introverts and extraverts are different in many respects. The most important difference is

a. psychological health versus psychological disturbance.
   	b. subjectivity versus objectivity.
c. their way of viewing the world.
d. level of cortical arousal.

Answer 8

d

Question 9

People who score high on the psychoticism (P) scale are

a. egocentric, aggressive, and hostile.
b. empathetic, caring, and cooperative.
c. obsessive-compulsive, hysterical, and suggestible.
d. introverted, quiet, and thoughtful.

Answer 9

a

Question 10

People who score high on the neuroticism (N) scale are

a. egocentric, aggressive, and hostile.
b. emotionally overreactive.
c. suffering from a psychological disorder.
d. vulnerable to illness even when they experience little stress.

Answer 10

b

Question 11

According to research reported by Eysenck, sick people who react to their illness with anger and aggression are most likely to die from

a. cancer.
b. heart disease.
c. AIDS.
d. unintentional injuries (accidents).

Answer 11

b

Question 12

Eysenck’s P factor stands for

a. psychoticism.
b. personality.
c. proactive.
d. probability

Answer 12

a

Question 13

The key for Eysenck was that the individual differences in people’s personalities were due to _________.

a. ethnicity
b. environment
c. biology

Answer 13

c

Question 14

Eysenck’s encounter with the fascist right and his later battles with the radical left suggested to him that the trait of__________, was equally prevalent in both extremes of the political spectrum. a. egomania

b. narcissism
c. greed
d. authoritarianism

Answer 14

d

Question 15

Eysenck’s second wife, Sybil Rostal, was a _________.

a. great homemaker
b. superb secretary
c. beautiful quantitative psychologist d. excellent accountant

Answer 15

c

Question 16

People who score low on ______________ tend to be quiet and reserved.

a. intelligence
b. psychoticism
c. compromise
d. extraversion

Answer 16

d

Question 17

Which of the following is not one of Eysenck’s criteria for identifying factors?

a. inductive method of investigation
b. social relevance
c. psychometric evidence
d. heritability

Answer 17

a

Question 18

Which is not one of the four levels of hierarchy behavior organization recognized by Eysenck?

a. spontaneous acts
b. specific acts
c. habitual acts
d. types

Answer 18

a

Question 19

Which one of the following is not one of Eysenck’s superfactors?

a. extraversion
b. neuroticism
c. introversion
d. psychoticism

Answer 19

c

Question 20

Which of the following is not one of the personality assessments created and developed by Eysenck?

a. MMPI
b. MPI
c. EPI
d. EPQ

Answer 20

a