Flashcards in Chapter 18: Crime Typologies Part 1 Deck (33):
1
_________- a classification system/scheme that attempts to simplify information by identifying homogenous (similar) groups of cases/attributes and combining them to make a smaller number of categories
Typology
2
The goal of a ________ is to come up with simpler classification that is based on the principles of homogeneity within categories and heterogeneity across categories.
typology
3
The goal of a typology is to come up with simpler classification that is based on the principles of ___________ within categories and ____________ across categories
homogeneity
heterogeneity
4
hat are the different type of typologies?
(1) Legal-Based Typologies
(2) Offender-Based Typologies
(3) Multi-Trait Typologies
5
What is the most common type of typology?
legal-based typologies
6
What is the legal-based typology based on?
misdemeanor vs felony
7
What are the limitations of the legal-based typology?
(1) something as diverse as murder and auto theft are considered the same type of offense (felony)
(2) jurisdictional differences in the legal status of offenses
(i.e. marijuana is a felony in one place and a misdemeanor in another)
8
What are the three legal types of offense categories of legal-based typologies?
(1) Crimes against the person
(2) Crimes against property
(3) Crimes against public order
9
What are "crimes against the person"?
murder
sexual assault
robbery
battery
10
What are crimes against property?
burglary
larceny
forgery
embezzlement
auto theft
11
What are crimes against public order?
disturbing the peace
trespassing
drunkenness
drug use
prostitution
12
How does the Uniform Crime Report (UCR) classify crime?
-Index Crimes (Part I Offenses) --Non-Index Crimes (Part II Offenses)
13
What are the types of offenses under UCR?
(1) Murder and Non-Negligent Manslaughter
(2) Forcible Rape
(3) Robbery
(4) Aggravated Assault
(5) Burglary
(6) Larceny/Theft
(7) Motor-Vehicle Theft
(8) Arson
14
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
causing the death of another person without legal justification or excuse
Murder and Non-Negligent Manslaughter
15
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
sexual intercourse or attempted sexual intercourse with a female against her will, by force or threat of force
Forcible Rape
16
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful taking or attempted taking of property that is in the immediate possession of another, by force or threat of force
Robbery
17
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful and intentional causing of serious bodily injury with or without a deadly weapon, or unlawful intentional attempting or threatening of serious injury or death with a deadly weapon
Aggravated Assault
18
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful entry of any fixed structure, vehicle, or vessel used for regular residence, industry, or business, with or without force, with the intent to commit a felony or larceny
Burglary
19
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away by stealth of property, other than a motor vehicle, from the possession of another
Larceny/Theft
20
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful taking, or attempted taking, of a self-propelled road vehicle owned by another, with the intent to deprive the owner of it permanently or temporarily
Motor-Vehicle Theft
21
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
willful or malicious burning or attempted burning of property
Arson
22
What are some examples of motor-vehicle theft?
-automobiles
-trucks and buses
-other vehicles
23
What are the locations of robbery?
-highway
-commercial house
-gas or service station
-convenience store
-residence
-bank
-miscellaneous
24
What are the distinctions of burglary based on?
(1) type of structure
(2) time of day
25
What are examples of larceny/theft?
-pocket picking
-purse snatching
-shoplifting
-theft from motor vehicles
-theft of motor vehicle parts and accessories
-theft of bicycles
-theft from buildings
-theft from coin-operated devices or machines
26
What are some examples of arson?
-the burning of one’s own property
-burning the property of others
-burning pubic property
27
How does the FBI categorize (UCR) index crimes?
violent offenses and property offenses
28
What are violent offenses?
murder
rape
robbery
aggravated assaults
29
What are property offenses?
burglary
larceny
motor-vehicle theft
arson
30
The Offender-Based Typology was created as a result of whose research?
(1) Cesare Lombroso’s three type of criminals
(2) Terrie Moffitt’s persisters and deserters
(3) William Sheldon’s body-type classification
31
What are Lombroso’s three types of criminals?
(1) born criminal
(2) insane criminal
(3) criminaloids
32
What are “criminals by passion”?
murders who kill those who dishonored their families or have been unfaithful to them
33