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Horse bowl > Conformation > Flashcards

Conformation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the abnormal contraction of the heel?

A

Contracted feet

Source: Horse Science (National 4-H Council), p. 13

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2
Q

Name 3 common faults in the foot corrected by trimming?

A

Splayfoot, pigeon toe, quarter crack, cocked angles, contracted heels

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 49

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3
Q

If a horse is parrot mouthed, what does that mean?

A

The lower jaw is shorter than the upper jaw

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 10 / Horse Science (National 4-H Council), p. 13

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4
Q

Which is a more serious condition, toed-in or toed-out?

A

Toed-out

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 151

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5
Q

What is coon footed?

A

Long sloping pasterns throwing fetlocks low

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 8

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6
Q

What is splayfoot?

A

It is when the front toes are turned out and the heels are turned in

Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 458

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7
Q

What is it called when the angle of the foot is noticeably less than 45 degrees?

A

Flat feet

Source: Illustrated Dictionary of Equine Terms, p. 109

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8
Q

The back of the horse carries the weight of the rider. A concave or sagging back is termed what?

A

Swayback

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 152

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9
Q

What term describes a horse that is low in the withers with heavy shoulder muscling?

A

Mutton withered

Source: Illustrated Dictionary of Equine Terms, p. 184

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10
Q

What is buck-kneed?

A

Knees bent forward or over at the knees

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-5

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11
Q

Name two conformation faults associated with the stifle.

A

Straight behind, standing under behind, camped behind

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12
Q

Knock knees or bench knees are conformation faults that are visible from the…..?

A

Front

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 12 / AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-5

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13
Q

Structure, form and symmetrical arrangement of parts as applied to a horse is referred to as what?

A

Conformation

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 8

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14
Q

When buying a horse, how should the height of the croup compare to the height of the withers?

A

The should be the same

Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 34

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15
Q

Is parrot mouth a genetic defect?

A

Yes

Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 60

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16
Q

What is a bench knee?

A

The cannon bone is not centered in the knee as viewed from the front

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 147

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17
Q

What term describes ears that are carried in a loose, inattentive, sluggish manner?

A

Lopped ears

Source: Illustrated Dictionary of Equine Terms, p. 172

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18
Q

A heavy neck which breaks and falls to one side is called what?

A

Broken crest

Source: Illustrated Dictionary of Equine Terms, p. 40

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19
Q

What is the conformation fault in which the knees are bent forward?

A

Buck-kneed

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-5

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20
Q

What is calf-kneed?

A

Knees bent backward

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-6

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21
Q

Referring to horses, what is a hand?

A

A measurement of height; one hand equals 4 inches

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 139

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22
Q

What is the hardest working joint in the horse’s legs?

A

Hock

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 154

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23
Q

What is tucked up?

A

Thin & cut up in the flank like a greyhound

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 4

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24
Q

What is the term for flat-ribbed?

A

Slab-sided

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 9

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25
Q

At what angle should the head join the neck?

A

45 degrees

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 10

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26
Q

What is the term for protruding eyes?

A

Bug-eyed or bovine eyes

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 144

27
Q

What is cow-hocked?

A

Hocks close together, feet wide apart

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 9

28
Q

Describe goose-rumped.

A

A croup that slopes and tapers from the hip to the buttocks

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 154

29
Q

What is the difference between splayfooted & pigeon-toed?

A

Splayfoot - front toes turned out
Pigeon-toed - front toes turned in

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-1,2

30
Q

What is roman-nosed?

A

Face is convex

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-4 / Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 10

31
Q

Name an undesirable trait of the croup?

A

Goose rumped

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 154

32
Q

What is the most common defect in the rear legs?

A

Cow hocked

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-6

33
Q

Why should the bottom line of a horse be longer than the top line?

A

To allow for a longer stride

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-6

34
Q

Why shouldn’t a horse have low, flat withers?

A

They don’t hold a saddle well

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-6

35
Q

What is the term for a horse having a short, steep croup?

A

Goose-rumped

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 9

36
Q

What is the term for a horse with too little angle at the hock?

A

Post-legged

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 11

37
Q

What is the term for a horse with too much angle at the hock?

A

Sickle-hocked

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 11

38
Q

What is the ideal angle of hoof to ground?

A

45 degrees

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 11

39
Q

What is paunchy?

A

Too much belly

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 9

40
Q

What is the term for a thin, sharp, arched back?

A

Roached back

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 9

41
Q

Describe phenotype.

A

The way the horse looks on the outside

Source: Equine Science, Griffiths, p. 91

42
Q

What are mutton withers?

A

Low, flat withers OR round, thick

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 151

43
Q

Describe swayback.

A

Concave or sagging back

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 152

44
Q

Describe roached back.

A

Convex appearance of back

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 152

45
Q

Describe the saddling problem that occurs with a mutton withered horse.

A

The saddle slips and will not stay in place

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 151

46
Q

What term means that a horse is proportionally as long as it is tall?

A

Balanced

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 133

47
Q

Besides supporting the weight of the saddle & rider, what is another reason that the loin should be short & strong?

A

Carries power from the hind legs forward

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-6

48
Q

Define the term “camped out behind”.

A

Entire forelimb is too far forward and away from the body

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-5

49
Q

A horse whose hocks are too far apart with his feet set close together is said to be what?

A

Bow-legged or out at the hock

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-7

50
Q

Name one desirable characteristic of the rear quarters as viewed from the side or rear.

A

Should appear square

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-7

51
Q

To evaluate conformation, it is necessary to know what?

A

The parts of the horse

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-3

52
Q

What does the term Roached Back mean?

A

Having a thin, sharp, arched back

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 9

53
Q

Name one area of the hindquarters where the muscle should have thickness.

A

Thigh, stifle, gaskin

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 153-154

54
Q

Name one characteristic you want in a horse’s eye.

A

Large, clear, set wide apart, bright, bold, alert, soft, kind

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-4

55
Q

Body type, color patterns, gaits & way of going are examples of what type of characteristics?

A

Breed characteristics

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-8

56
Q

Define base narrow.

A

Horse stands closer at the ground than at the origin of the legs in the chest

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-2

57
Q

Describe the “bow-legged” horse.

A

Wide at the knees, narrower at the feet

Source: Horses and Horsemanship, Ensminger, p. 514

58
Q

Base wide, narrow-chested horses have feet that are usually what?

A

Toed out

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 230-3

59
Q

What is monkey-mouthed?

A

Undershot jaw

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-4

60
Q

In reference to conformation, describe a horse that is “built downhill”.

A

Height at hip is higher than the height of withers

Source: The Horse, Evans, p. 135

61
Q

What is the term for the physical appearance of an animal?

A

Conformation

Source: AYHC Horse Industry Handbook, 220-1

62
Q

What is goose rumped?

A

Having short, steep croup

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 9

63
Q

What does it mean if a horse is slab sided?

A

Flat ribbed

Source: Horses and Horsemanship (National 4-H Council), p. 9

64
Q

What does the term bugeyed mean?

A

Eye protruding horse; horse usually can not see well

Source: Horse Science (National 4-H Council), p. 8

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