Flashcards in Lecture 12-Plant Diversity II Deck (48):
1
Shared trait #1 between plants:
Also shared trait #1 between charophyceans and algae:
They are multicellular
2
Shared trait #2 between plants:
Also shared trait #2 between charophyceans and algae:
They are eukaryotic
3
Shared trait #3 between plants:
Also shared trait #3 between charophyceans and algae:
They are photosynthetic
4
Shared trait #4 between plants:
Also shared trait #4 between charophyceans and algae:
They have cell walls made of cellulose
5
Shared trait #1 between plants and charophyceans:
Rose shaped complexes
6
The rose-shaped complexes shared between plants and charophyceans are for __________ __________.
Cellulose synthesis
7
Shared trait #2 between plants and charophyceans:
Peroxisome enzymes
8
Shared trait #3 between plants and charophyceans:
Formation of phragomoplast
9
Female structure containing megasporangium, megaspore, and integument.
Ovules
10
Megaspores divide via __________.
Meiosis
11
Male structure containing microspore; transferred via wind or animals. Dispersal is water independent.
Pollen
12
A pollen grain contains _____ sperm each.
2
13
Seed plants evolved how long ago?
350MYA
14
Seed plants evolved in the __________ period.
Carboniferous
15
The two groups of seed plants are:
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
16
Naked seeds.
Gymnosperms
17
Contained seeds.
Angiosperms
18
In __________, the ovule is not surrounded by ovary or fruit.
Gymnosperms
19
The 4 phyla of gymnosperms are:
Ginkophyta, Gnetophyta, Cycadophyta, and Coniferophyta
20
There is only one species in this phylum of gymnosperms.
Ginkophyta
21
Used in traditional medicine for circulatory disorders, memory enhancement, and dementia.
Ginkophyta
22
Most closely related to the angiosperm (according to classical views).
Gnetophyta
23
The only gymnosperm to exhibit "double fertilization". Not true double fertilization, because the second fertilization degenerates and does not form endosperm.
Gnetophyta
24
The gymnosperms known are cycads.
Cycadophyta
25
Gymnosperms dominant in the Mesozoic era.
Cycadophyta
26
Have crowns of stiff compound leaves with a short trunk.
Cycadophyta
27
Often mistaken as "palms", which are angiosperms.
Cycadophyta
28
Cycadophyta are __________.
Dioecious
29
Examples of this gymnosperm are pine and fir trees (most are evergreen).
Coniferophyta
30
This is the most species rich gymnosperm.
Coniferophyta
31
In __________, the ovule is surrounded by ovary or fruit.
Angiosperms
32
Flowers are made up of:
The stamen, the carpel, and the petal & sepal.
33
In flowers, the male pollen producing structure.
The stamen
34
The stamen is made up of two parts:
A filament and the anther
35
The __________ produces pollen.
Anther
36
In flowers, the female ovule producing structure.
The carpel
37
The carpel is made up of 3 parts:
The stigma, the style, and the ovary
38
Where pollen is deposited.
Stigma
39
Contains ovules.
Ovary
40
Attract pollinators.
Petals
41
During fertilization, pollen lands on the stigma, creating what?
A pollen tube along the style
42
Both sperms contained in each grain of pollen fertilize separate nuclei. This is called:
Double fertilization
43
One of the sperms fertilizes the __________, the other sperm fertilizes the __________ __________.
Egg, polar nuclei
44
When one sperm fertilizes an egg, that becomes the:
Embryo
45
When the other sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei, this becomes:
The endosperm
46
The __________ can be used for food.
Endosperm
47
Once an ovule is fertilized, the ovary matures into __________.
Fruit
48