Prototype Drug Unit 1 & 2 Exam- Fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem) Flashcards
What is the therapeutic classification of Fluoxetine?
Antidepressant, antianxiety drug
What is the pharmacologic classification of Fluoxetine?
SSRI
What are the therapeutic effects and uses?
Used to treat major depressive disorder, bulimia nervosa, pediatric depression, OCD in both adults and children, panic disorder, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Also used to treat anorexia nervosa, obesity, alcohol dependence, fibromyalgia, autism, refractory orthostatic hypotension, premature ejaculation, and menopausal hot flashes
What are the mechanisms of action?
It blocks the uptake serotonin but not norepinephrine, and it increases the amount of neurotransmitter available at the postsynaptic receptor sites, thus enhancing the actions of serotonin.
What is the Route?
PO
What is the absorption?
Readily absorbed
How is it distributed?
Widely distributed, including the cerebrospinal fluid; likely crosses the placenta; secreted in breast mild; 94% bound to plasma protein
How is it primarily metabolized?
IN the liver to norfluoxetine, an active metabolite
How is it primarily excreted?
Renal, small amounts in feces
What are the adverse effects?
nausea and vomiting, GI effects including diarrhea, anorexia, cramping, and flatulence. Abrupt withdrawal of fluoxetine cna cause dizziness, headache, tremor, anxiety, dysphoria, and sensory disturbances.
What are the contraindications/precautions?
Don’t give it to people who are allergic to it, people with bipolar disorder, cardiac dysfunction, diabetes, seizure disorders, children or young adults who have a history of attempted suicide, and pregnant women.
What are the drug interactions?
Drugs that are metabolized by CYP450 may build toxic levels due to their impaired metabolism. Some drugs that could be affected by this include TCAs, phenothiazines, most atypical antipsychotics, certain antidysrhythmics, and benzodiazepines. Excessive sedation can occur when taken with other CNS Depressants, including opioids, sedative-hypnotics, or alcohol.
What are the herbal/food interactions?
Increased CNS effects if taken with lavender, kava, or hops. Increased risk of serotonin syndrome when taken with St. John’s wort. Increased anticholinergic effects when used with jimsonweed or corkwood. Grapefruit juice can cause elevated serum levels and should be avoided.
What is the pregnancy category?
C
What is the treatment of overdose?
Supportive treatment including gastric lavage and activated charcoal.
