Prototype Drug Unit 3 & 4- Nitrofurantoin and nitrofurantoin macrocrystals

Question 1

Therapeutic classification

Answer 1

Antibacterial

Question 2

Pharmacologic classification

Answer 2

Urinary tract antiseptic

Question 3

Therapeutic effects and uses

Answer 3

Used for treatment of uncomplicated acute cystitis, most commonly for the prophylaxis of recurrent UTI.

Question 4

Mechanism of action

Answer 4

They inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, aerobic energy metabolism, DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis, and formation of the cell wall.

Question 5

Adverse effects

Answer 5

The most frequent include hypersensitivity reactions, anorexia, headache, rash, nausea, and vomiting

Question 6

Contraindications/precautions

Answer 6

Contraindications: people with renal impairment

Precautions: Patients with preexisting pulmonary disease and pulmonary function should be closely monitored throughout therapy. Patients with preexisting hepatic disease.

Question 7

Drug interactions

Answer 7

Antacids containing magnesium because absorption will be decreased. Antagonism and decreased drug effect happens when given with nalidixic acid, and possibly fluoroquinolones.

Question 8

Treatment of overdose

Answer 8

Give sufficient amount of fluids