Unit 3 & 4 Exam Flashcards
The patient has developed severe diarrhea following 4 days of self-administered antacid preparation. The nurse supsects that the diarrhea may be caused by which type of antacid?
1) Calcium compounds
2) Sodium compounds
3) Magnesium compounds
4) Aluminum compounds
Magnesium compounds
Reasoning: Magnesium compounds, especially higher doses, often cause diarrhea. Aluminum and calcium compounds may cause constipation. Sodium compounds may cause flatulence
Omeparzole is prescribed for a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The nurse would monitor a reduction in which symptom to determine if the drug therapy is effective. (Select all that apply)
1) dysphagia
2) appetite
3) Nausea
4) Dyspepsia
5) Belching
Nausea, dyspepsia, belching
reasoning: Symptoms of GERD include dysphagia, dyspepsia, nausea, belching, heartburn, and chest pain
A young female patient is beginning to use oral contraceptives. What information should be shared with this patient that relates to one of the possible adverse effects of these medications?
1) The patient needs to learn how to take her pulse
2) The patient should be taught self-examination of the breasts
3) The patient should be instructed to drink 10 glasses of water daily
4) The patient needs to understand how to take the medication correctly
The patient should be taught self-examination of the breasts
Reasoning: Estrogen can influence the development of breast tumors, and estrogen is one of the drugs most commonly used in oral contraceptives, so the client needs to know how to perform breast self-examination. Estrogen is related to the development of cardiovascular problems such as hypertension, so it would be more helpful for the client to learn how to measure blood pressure than pulse. Drinking excessive amounts of water will not impact the client’s development of breast cancer or other disorders associated with estrogen. It is important for the client to take the medication correctly, but it will not change the client’s chances of developing estrogen-related disorders.
A patient has decided to use the transdermal delivery method of contraception. What would contraindicate the use of this method?
1) The patient has a history of blood clots
2) The patient has a history of scarlet fever
3) The patient exercises three times a week
4) The patient takes aspirin 81 mg every day
The patient has a history of blood clots
Reasoning:The transdermal delivery method uses estrogen and progestin for contraception. These drugs increase the chances of blood clots, so a person with a history of blood clots should not use this medication. Exercise and the use of aspirin are not contraindicated in the use of this contraceptive method. A history of scarlet fever does not contraindicate the use of a hormonal method of contraception.
A patient is taking oral contraceptives. The nurse instructs her to use another form of birth control when she takes which prescribed medications?
1) Penicillins
2) Proton Pump inhibitors
3) Tetracyclines
4) Insulins
Penicillins and tetracyclines
A patient is doing a return demonstration for instilling eye drops. Which of the following indicates a need for further teaching?
1) places rim of lid down on table
2) Washes hands before instilling drops
3) States not to touch any part of applicator
4) Holds pressure on the lacrimal duct after instilation
Places rim of lid down on table.
A patient taking ranitidine and antacids reports continues symptoms. Which questions will elicit the most important information from the patient?
1) When do you take the antacids and ranitidine?
2) What symptoms are you still experiencing?
3) How long have you been taking the ranitidine?
4) What antacid are you taking?
When do you take the antacids and ranitidine?
How long have you been taking the ranitidine?
The most important instruction to give a female patient of child bearing age regarding the prescription for misoprostol.
1) Take misoprostol with meals and at bedtime
2) Diarrhea can occur if taken with magnesium antacids
3) Spotting may occur between menstrual cycles
4) Reliable contraception is mandatory requirement when taking misoprostol
Reliable contraception is a mandatory requirement when taking misoprostol
Reasoning: misoprostol is pregnancy category X because it causes uterine contraction it is avoided during pregnancy except to stimulate labor
A nurse is preparing to administer prochlorperazine to a patient who exhibits muscle spasms of the face and neck. The nurses first action is to:
1) Administer the dose
2) Tell patient this is a normal response
3) Notify the provider of the patient symptoms
4) Administer an anticholinergic medication
notify the provider of the patient symptoms
Reasoning: these are extrapyramidal symptoms and need to be addressed - the nurse should not give the dose, the provider should be notified so that an order for an anticholinergic can be ordered
A patient taking dimenhydrinate complains of being sleepy. The nurse’s best response is:
1) This will usually wear off in time
2) You should stop this medication now
3) It shouldn’t interfere with driving
4) Move around quickly to counteract this effect
This will usually wear off in time
Reasoning: sedation is a normal side effect, driving and activities should be limited until effects are known and there is no reason to stop med for sedation.
A patient has been taking psyllium for constipation but states the constipation has only gotten worse. Which question by the nurse will gather the best information to determine the cause?
1) What brand of psylllium do you use? What time of day are you taking the psyllium?
2) How long do you wait before eating?
3) How much fluid do you drink in a day?
4) What time of day are you taking the psyllium?
How much fluid do you drink in a day?
Reasoning: Psyllium needs to be taken with at least 8 oz of water and with plenty of fluids through the day. Time of day, food intake and brand do not impact continued constipation.
For which patient prescribed magnesium hydroxide, an osmotic laxative, should the nurse consult the health care provider?
1) The patient with end stage renal disease
2) The patient with cirrhosis of the liver
3) The patient schedule for a colonoscopy
4) The patient with a fractured forearm
The patient with end stage renal disease
Instructions to a patient taking a liquid preparation of ferrous sulfate would include: (Select all that apply)
1) Drink with a straw
2) Dilute in water or juice
3) Rinse mouth after taking medicaiton
4) Use a whitening toothpaste after use
Drink with straw, dilute in water or juice, rinse mouth after taking medication
Reasoning: liquid preparations of iron can stain the teeth, instructions should be given to avoid this development
A patient has been taking folic acid for a couple of months to treat megaloblastic anemia reports being less fatigued but continues to experience numbness and tingling of the hands and feet. The nurse anticipates an order for which medication?
1) Cyanacobalamine
2) ferrous sulfate
3) riboflavin
4) biotin
Cyanacobalamine
Reasoning: lack of vitamin B12 can lead to neurologic damage exhibited as numbness/tingling of the hands and feet.
Glucosamine should be avoided for which of the following patients? (Select all that apply)
1) patients allergic to shellfish
2) patients with inflammation
3) patients taking NSAIDs
4) patients with arthritis
Patients allergic to shellfish, patients taking NSAIDs
