~~~ W3 QUIZ

Question 1

Joe experienced the unexpected death of his wife 6 months ago, who died in a car accident. He begun displaying excessive responses when startled, aggression and avoiding reminders of what happened, he also blamed himself for not being there to help her. His symptoms began within a few days of the accident and he continues to have intrusive reminders of the event. what would Joe be diagnosed with?

A) PTSD

B) acute stress disorder

C) depression

D) adjustment disorder

Answer 1

B) acute stress disorder

Question 2

Mr A, a taxi driver witnessed two vehicles in front of him crash, where a large truck that was tailgating a SUV failed to brake at a red light and crushed the SUV. Mr A needed to stay and provide a witness statement and observed the procedure of medical staff removing the bodies from the SUV. From then on, whenever he sees a large vehicle from behind him, Mr. A would react immediately and experience elevated anxiety and his fear escalated to other aspects of driving which eventually affected his ability to drive and to be a passenger in a moving vehicle. He had intrusive recollections haunted him at night and nightmares. What would Mr A be diagnosed with?

A) PTSD

B) acute stress disorder

C) depression

D) adjustment disorder

Answer 2

A) PTSD

Question 3

According to the text, the term “stress” will be used to refer to

a. only those external events in our lives that challenge us.

b. any positive demand made on an organism.

c. the effects of external stressors within the organism.

d. anything that makes us unhappy.

Answer 3

c. the effects of external stressors within the organism.

Question 4

Distress is

a. seen when a situation is ambiguous.

b. a response to a happy life event.

c. the same thing as eustress.

d. a response to a negative event.

Answer 4

d. a response to a negative event.

Question 5

Which of the following terms refers to efforts to deal with stress?

a. coping strategies

b. compensatory strategies

c. sublimation

d. projection

Answer 5

a. Coping strategies

Question 6

What do positive and negative stressors have in common?

a. They usually last indefinitely.

b. Both occur without warning.

c. They have an equivalent potential for causing lasting damage.

d. Both tax one’s resources and coping skills.

Answer 6

d. Both tax one’s resources and coping skills.

Question 7

In DSM-5, a new category has been added. What is this new category?

a. stress not specified

b. positive stressor disorders

c. stress and psychopathology

d. trauma- and stressor-related disorders

Answer 7

d. trauma- and stressor-related disorders

Question 8

According to your textbook, which of the following is most stressful to people and animals?

a. constant stressors

b. predictable stressors

c. uncontrollable stressors

d. physical stressors

Answer 8

c. Uncontrollable stressors

Question 9

Coping strategies are

a. efforts to deal with stress.

b. efforts to avoid conflict.

c. the same thing as eustress.

d. the dynamic interaction between the types of stressors and the person.

Answer 9

a. efforts to deal with stress.

Question 10

Which of the following factors is linked to a person’s ability to cope better?

a. intelligence

b. social support

c. absence of the 5HT-TLPR gene

d. early life stress

Answer 10

b. social support

Question 11

Stress tolerance is

a. a biological attribute

b. a pressure

c. a person’s ability to withstand stress without becoming seriously impaired

d. a crisis for most people

Answer 11

c. a person’s ability to withstand stress without becoming seriously impaired

Question 12

Crisis is

a. a double avoidance conflict.

b. when the individual cannot make a decision.

c. an internal pressure.

d. when a stressful situation overwhelms the individual

Answer 12

d. when a stressful situation overwhelms the individual

Question 13

What is not a key factor in making a stressor more serious?

a. how long it lasts

b. how severe it is

c. its type or category

d. how expected it is

Answer 13

c. its type or category

Question 14

What is the difference between a stressor and a crisis?

a. There is no difference, these are just two words for the same thing.

b. While all crises are stressors, not all stressors are crises.

c. There is a biological response to stress, but not to crisis.

d. A stressor is an unexpected crisis.

Answer 14

b. While all crises are stressors, not all stressors are crises.

Question 15

The development of new methods of coping

a. may be an outcome of a crisis.

b. always occurs when adaptive capabilities are exceeded.

c. increases the expectation of future failures.

d. is continuously needed as we face new stressors on a daily basis.

Answer 15

a. may be an outcome of a crisis.

Question 16

Which of the following will lessen the impact of a stressful situation?

a. holding unrealistic expectations about the stressor

b. minimizing the use of social support

c. preparing for the stressor

d. being uncertain as to how long the stressor will persist

Answer 16

c. preparing for the stressor

Question 17

Healthy psychological and physical functioning after a potentially traumatic event is called:

a. coping

b. resilience

c. compensation

d. adaptation

Answer 17

b. resilience

Question 17

An individual with a high stress tolerance

a. can function well in the face of a high level of stress.

b. is likely to be particularly vulnerable to slight frustration.

c. may feel threatened more readily than those with low stress tolerance.

d. is particularly vulnerable to acute stress disorder.

Answer 17

a. can function well in the face of a high level of stress.

Question 17

According to your textbook, which of the following is a factor that increases resilience?

a. being female

b. being older

c. being African American

d. being Latino

Answer 17

b. being older

Question 18

What is the name of the system that is designed to mobilize resources and prepare a fight-or-flight response?

a. the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system

b. the cortex-thalamus cortisol system

c. the sympathetic-adrenomedullary system

d. the parasympathetic prefrontal cortex system

Answer 18

c. the sympathetic-adrenomedullary system

Question 19

What is the term for the biological cost of adapting to stress?

a. allostatic load

b. homeostatic load

c. sympathetic load

d. parasympathetic load

Answer 19

a. allostatic load

Question 20

What is risk factor?

a. a variable that can occur within 6 months of a stressor

b. a variable that increases the risk of a specific negative outcome

c. a biological factor that increases resistance to disease

d. a reaction to a normal event

Answer 20

b. a variable that increases the risk of a specific negative outcome

Question 21

Estimates of the prevalence of PTSD

a. have not been made.

b. indicate that most people who experience a traumatic event develop PTSD.

c. demonstrate that it is more commonly seen in women.

d. find that it rarely exists as a comorbid condition.

Answer 21

c. demonstrate that it is more commonly seen in women.

Question 21

In regards to stress research, a risk factor is

a. something about the nature of a stressor that makes it worse for most people.

b. something in a person’s history that makes that person more vulnerable to stress.

c. something in a person’s learning experiences that makes that person a thrill seeker.

d. something in a person’s genetic makeup that makes that person respond well to stress.

Answer 21

b. something in a person’s history that makes that person more vulnerable to stress.

Question 21

According to the text, PTSD: a. is a diagnosis that entered the DSM in 1990 b. has little preexisting vulnerabilities c. has symptoms which tend to decrease with time in most people d. is viewed as an abnormal response to a normal stressor

Answer 21

c. has symptoms which tend to decrease with time in most people

Question 21

A main symptom of PTSD in DSM-5 is a. development of stress-related diseases. b. reexperiencing of the traumatic event. c. panic attacks when remembering the trauma. d. depression.

Answer 21

b. re-experiencing of the traumatic event.

Question 22

In the DSM-5, PTSD will become a part of a new diagnostic category called ________. a. Anxiety Disorders b. Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders c. Depressive Disorders d. Transient- and Chronic Distress Disorders

Answer 22

b. Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders

Question 23

According to DSM-5, Acute stress disorder becomes PTSD when a. the trauma is an event out of the realm of normal life experience. b. the symptoms last for more than 2 weeks. c. the symptoms last for more than 4 weeks. d. the symptoms begin within 6 months of the trauma.

Answer 23

c. the symptoms last for more than 4 weeks.

Question 23

"Combat exhaustion" is known as ________ today. a. acute stress disorder b. shell shock c. PTSD d. war neurosis

Answer 23

c. PTSD

Question 23

Why should we study the causal factors in PTSD, since we already know traumatic events cause it? a. Because if we do not study it, we will not diagnose it. b. Political lobbying requires the study of it. c. Victims often feel guilt about their reaction to the trauma. d. Because not everyone who is exposed to a trauma develops PTSD.

Answer 23

d. Because not everyone who is exposed to a trauma develops PTSD.

Question 24

Which of the following is not considered a life change? a. Being promoted b. Being diabetic c. Getting pregnant d. A death in the family

Answer 24

b. Being diabetic

Question 24

According to the text, a factor that does not make one stressor more serious than another includes________. a. severity b. chronicity c. geographic region d. how expected it is.

Answer 24

c. geographic region

Question 24

Selye ________ a. recognized that both happy and sad life events can be sources of stress. b. conducted extensive research on the effects of stress on the immune system. c. failed to acknowledge the role of the environment in adapting to stress. d. focused on the cognitive component of the stress response.

Answer 24

a. recognized that both happy and sad life events can be sources of stress.

Question 25

Who is likely to have the most severe stress? a. Anne, who is planning her wedding b. Bill, who has a deadline the next day for an important project c. Lauren, who sees the aftermath of an accident d. Josh, who has just been told he has cancer and whose wife announces she is leaving him when he tells her the news

Answer 25

d. Josh, who has just been told he has cancer and whose wife announces she is leaving him when he tells her the news

Question 26

The Social Readjustment Rating Scale ________ a. examines the role that coping plays in dealing with life changes. b. did not acknowledge that happy events create life changes and, as a consequence, stress. c. is an imperfect means of quantifying the level of stress experience over a period of time. d. has been used to demonstrate that life events and health are not related

Answer 26

c. is an imperfect means of quantifying the level of stress experience over a period of time.

Question 27

A client is administered the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Which of the following would be measured? a. Severe crises b. Major life transitions c. Availability of coping resources d. Common, stressful life experiences

Answer 27

c. Availability of coping resources

Question 28

The Life Events and Difficulty Schedule ________ a. is another name for the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. b. allows the rater to consider the person's unique circumstances. c. was developed prior to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. d. does not provide any more information than the Social Readjustment Rating Scale.

Answer 28

b. allows the rater to consider the person's unique circumstances

Question 29

An individual with a high stress tolerance a. can function well in the face of a high level of stress. b. is likely to be particularly vulnerable to slight frustration. c. may feel threatened more readily than those with low stress tolerance. d. is particularly vulnerable to acute stress disorder.

Answer 29

a. can function well in the face of a high level of stress.

Question 30

What is the term for the biological cost of adapting to stress? a. allostatic load b. homeostatic load c. sympathetic load d. parasympathetic load

Answer 30

a. allostatic load

Question 31

What is risk factor? a. a variable that can occur within 6 months of a stressor b. a variable that increases the risk of a specific negative outcome c. a biological factor that increases resistance to disease d. a reaction to a normal even

Answer 31

b. a variable that increases the risk of a specific negative outcome

Question 32

In regards to stress research, a risk factor is a. something about the nature of a stressor that makes it worse for most people. b. something in a person's history that makes that person more vulnerable to stress. c. something in a person's learning experiences that makes that person a thrill seeker. d. something in a person's genetic makeup that makes that person respond well to stress.

Answer 32

b. something in a person's history that makes that person more vulnerable to stress.

Question 33

According to the text, PTSD: a. is a diagnosis that entered the DSM in 1990 b. has little preexisting vulnerabilities c. has symptoms which tend to decrease with time in most people d. is viewed as an abnormal response to a normal stressor

Answer 33

c. has symptoms which tend to decrease with time in most people

Question 34

The stress glucocorticoid that is produced in humans is called ________. a. adrenalin b. estrogen c. cortisol d. repression

Answer 34

c. cortisol

Question 35

Cortisol ________ a. is always stable in humans. b. does not respond to stress. c. prepares the body for fight or flight. d. prepares the body for sleep

Answer 35

c. prepares the body for fight or flight.

Question 36

Which of the following statements about stress is correct? a. The response an individual will have to a stressor can be readily predicted. b. Cognitive factors do not play a role in determining the severity of stress. c. Some people are predisposed to respond poorly to demands. d. Changes in the level of external supports one has are unrelated to stress reactions.

Answer 36

c. Some people are predisposed to respond poorly to demands.

Question 37

What is the name of the system that is designed to mobilize resources and prepare a fight-or-flight response? a. The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system b. The cortex-thalamus cortisol system c. The sympathetic-adrenomedullary system d. The parasympathetic prefrontal cortex system

Answer 37

c. The sympathetic-adrenomedullary system

Question 38

What is the term for the biological cost of adapting to stress? a. Allostatic load b. Homeostatic load c. Sympathetic load d. Parasympathetic load

Answer 38

a. Allostatic load

Question 39

I often find that when I am ill, I am not able to cope effectively with the normal hassles of life. I find myself becoming irritated by things that I would usually be able to ignore. Which of the following would explain this phenomenon? a. When using resources to deal with one stressor, the ability to tolerate additional stressors may be compromised. b. Major life changes may impair the ability to cope effectively with daily hassles. c. During the exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome illness becomes likely. d. Allostatic load leads to psychological and biological vulnerability.

Answer 39

a. When using resources to deal with one stressor, the ability to tolerate additional stressors may be compromised.

Question 40

Psychoneuroimmunology is the study of the interaction between the ___________. a. nervous system and the immune system b. psychological system and the nervous system c. psychological system and the immune system d. nervous system and the hypothalamic system

Answer 40

a. nervous system and the immune system

Question 41

Which of the following can cause stress-induced immunosuppression? a. Serotonin b. Adrenaline c. GABA d. Glucocorticoids

Answer 41

d. Glucocorticoids

Question 42

Which of the following is the biological cascade that is activated with prolonged stress? a. The adrenal-hypothalamic-prefrontal axis b. The cortical-thalamic-neural axis c. The psycho-neuro-biological axis d. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

Answer 42

d. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

Question 43

B-cells are ________ a. cells that engulf antigens. b. cells that produce antibodies. c. cells that harm the immune system. d. cells that are antigens

Answer 43

b. cells that produce antibodies

Question 44

Which type of cells release interleukin? a. B-cells b. Macrophages c. Red blood cells d. Neurons

Answer 44

b. Macrophages

Question 45

Which is not a stressor linked to immunosuppression, according to the text? a. Vacation b. Sleep deprivation c. Spaceflight d. Death of a spouse

Answer 45

a. Vacation

Question 46

Which cytokine has been associated with depression and caring for family members with Alzheimer's disease? a. HIV b. Adrenaline c. GABA d. Interleukin-6

Answer 46

d. Interleukin-6

Question 47

What is considered the "front line" of immune system defense? a. Antigens b. Cortisol c. Leukocytes d. Hypothalamus

Answer 47

c. Leukocytes

Question 48

The pituitary gland ________ a. controls the release of hormones by the hypothalamus. b. is part of the immune system. c. produces adrenalin. d. is important to the release of stress hormones

Answer 48

d. is important to the release of stress hormones

Question 49

The field of psychoneuroimmunology ________ a. focuses on the relationship between stress and mental illness. b. explores the neurological basis of autoimmune conditions. c. seeks to establish a link between psychological functioning and vulnerability to illness. d. examines the effects of stressors on the immune system.

Answer 49

d. examines the effects of stressors on the immune system.

Question 50

Prolonged stress leads to suppression of the immune system. What might explain the evolution of such a seemingly flawed reaction? a. There is no reasonable explanation for this. b. Susceptibility to disease would increase the likelihood of an early death. c. Immune suppression has no lasting effects on overall health. d. Such immune suppression might prevent the development of autoimmune illnesses.

Answer 50

d. Such immune suppression might prevent the development of autoimmune illnesses.

Question 50

Work-related stress in the form a highly demanding job combined with ________ can elevate risk of coronary heart disease. a. little opportunity for advancement b. little decision-making control c. a Type B personality d. introversion

Answer 50

b. little decision-making control

Question 50

Stress slows the healing of wounds by as much as ___ to ___ percent. a. 5; 10. b. 12; 15. c. 24; 40. d. 55; 70.

Answer 50

c. 24; 40.

Question 51

What is Type D personality type? a. The "depressed" type b. The "dysfunctional" type c. The "distressed" type d. The "detached" type

Answer 51

c. The "distressed" type

Question 52

What seems to be the most important component for coronary heart disease in the Type A behavior pattern? a. Hostility b. Time urgency c. Competitiveness d. Work commitment

Answer 52

a. Hostility

Question 52

Clyde is unmarried and has few friends. Why is he at greater risk for developing coronary heart disease than the general population? a. He is unlikely to seek help if he notices problems. b. Social isolation has been associated with increased risk of the disease. c. He has no knowledge of his problems. d. He is socially awkward and thus has increased risks for disease.

Answer 52

b. Social isolation has been associated with increased risk of the disease.

Question 53

Stress tends to do what to telomeres? a. Increases their strength b. Decreases their strength c. Increases their physical length d. Decreases their physical length

Answer 53

d. Decreases their physical length

Question 54

In regards to stress research, a risk factor is ________ a. something about the nature of a stressor that makes it worse for most people. b. something in a person's history that makes that person more vulnerable to stress. c. something in a person's learning experiences that makes that person a thrill seeker. d. something in a person's genetic makeup that makes that person respond well to stress.

Answer 54

b. something in a person's history that makes that person more vulnerable to stress.

Question 55

People with heart disease are ____ times more likely than healthy people to be depressed. a. two b. three c. four d. five

Answer 55

b. three

Question 56

Sudden cardiac death is ______ times higher in men with high levels of anxiety. a. two b. four c. six d. eight

Answer 56

c. six

Question 57

Positive psychology is a school of thought that focuses on a person's ________ a. strengths and virtues. b. ability to achieve rewards. c. mathematical abilities. d. ability to distinguish right from wrong.

Answer 57

a. strengths and virtues.

Question 58

Which was not an effective treatment for stress-related disorders, according to your text? a. Psychoanalysis b. Emotional disclosure c. Meditation d. Biofeedback

Answer 58

a. Psychoanalysis

Question 59

What is the term for the procedure that aims to make a patient more aware of such things as their heart rate, level of muscle tension, or blood pressure? a. Relaxation b. Meditation c. Hypnosis d. Biofeedback

Answer 59

d. Biofeedback

Question 60

For an adjustment disorder, the symptoms must appear within __________ months of the stressor? a. two b. nine c. three d. six

Answer 60

c. three

Question 61

Approximately ____ percent of women develop PTSD over the course of their lives. a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20

Answer 61

b. 10

Question 61

According to your textbook, what percentage of Army soldiers and Marines in Iraq report that they have been attacked or ambushed? a. 56% b. 63% c. 77% d. 92%

Answer 61

d. 92%

Question 62

During WWII, the descriptors of the traumatic reactions to combat conditions _________ a. emphasized that these were a product of organic processes. b. placed too much emphasis on physical exhaustion. c. did not differentiate these reactions from other psychological problems, such as drug abuse. d. were comparable to what is now called acute stress disorder.

Answer 62

b. placed too much emphasis on physical exhaustion

Question 63

It is believed that the incidence of combat exhaustion during WWII has been underestimated because _________ a. there was a debate as to how to differentiate between combat exhaustion and PTSD. b. many men were treated in the field and never formally diagnosed. c. those who were discharged for medical reasons were not counted when estimates were made. d. many men who were diagnosed with the brain disorder "shell shock" were probably suffering from combat exhaustion.

Answer 63

b. many men were treated in the field and never formally diagnosed.

Question 64

Why should we study the causal factors in PTSD, since we already know traumatic events cause it? a. Because if we do not study it, we will not diagnose it. b. Political lobbying requires the study of it. c. Victims often feel guilt about their reaction to the trauma. d. Because not everyone who is exposed to a trauma develops PTSD.

Answer 64

d. Because not everyone who is exposed to a trauma develops PTSD.

Question 65

Why is there such a high likelihood of long-lasting psychological problems resulting from active combat experiences? a. Research has revealed that those who enlist are more likely to be emotionally unstable. b. When task-oriented coping strategies are ineffective, emotional breakdown is inevitable. c. Combat situations present highly stressful situations for which there may be no truly effective coping mechanisms. d. Basic training is ineffective at preparing new recruits for any of the challenges they will likely face.

Answer 65

c. Combat situations present highly stressful situations for which there may be no truly effective coping mechanisms.

Question 66

Feelings of control over stressors _________ a. do not make a difference when it comes to extremely severe stressors like torture. b. can make a difference even for victims of torture—if the person feels he or she has some control, he or she tends to be less affected by the stressor over the long term. c. can make people feel worse because they believe they should have been able to change what happened. d. can make a difference even for victims of torture—if the person feels he or she has some control, he or she tends to be more affected by the stressor over the long term.

Answer 66

b. can make a difference even for victims of torture—if the person feels he or she has some control, he or she tends to be less affected by the stressor over the long term

Question 67

Which is an individual risk factor for developing PTSD? a. Higher levels of social support b. Having no family history of depression c. Believing that their symptoms are a sign of personal strength d. Being neurotic

Answer 67

d. Being neurotic

Question 68

The impact of torture _________ a. is always a severe level of PTSD. b. can vary depending on the type of torture used. c. can vary depending on if the torture was perceived as uncontrollable or not. d. depends on whether the person previously had another psychological disorder.

Answer 68

c. can vary depending on if the torture was perceived as uncontrollable or not.

Question 69

Having a history of psychological problems before going into combat _________ a. will make a soldier much more likely to develop PTSD. b. will make a soldier much more likely to develop PTSD only if the combat situation is extreme. c. sometimes increases risk of PTSD, but may lower it because the person is used to anxiety and copes automatically with it. d. doesn't have an impact on developing PTSD.

Answer 69

a. will make a soldier much more likely to develop PTSD.

Question 70

Based on occupation, which of the following would have the lowest rates of PTSD following rescue work during a major disaster? a. Waitresses comforting the injured at the medical tent b. Construction workers trying to clear rubble c. Teachers asked to hold bandages in place d. Police officers removing the seriously injured from the site

Answer 70

d. Police officers removing the seriously injured from the site

Question 71

Which of the following will lower a soldier's risk of developing PTSD? a. No prior experience in combat b. Believing strongly in the goals of the combat c. Whether he or she is in combat in a familiar country or not d. Whether he or she talks about experiences

Answer 71

b. Believing strongly in the goals of the combat

Question 72

Stress-inoculation training _________ a. involves learning new ways to think about an anticipated threat and then applying these techniques to several different types of threats. b. prepares one to deal with a stressor by considering solutions to the problems that are likely to arise. c. is a form of cognitive preparation that can be used to minimize the impact of any life challenge. d. can be used to prepare for almost any disaster.

Answer 72

a. involves learning new ways to think about an anticipated threat and then applying these techniques to several different types of threats.

Question 73

For which of the following would the use of stress-inoculation training be most effective? a. Preparing for chemotherapy b. Dealing with the aftermath of a rape c. Coping with the loss of a loved one d. Minimizing the impact of losing one's home, after it is lost

Answer 73

a. Preparing for chemotherapy

Question 74

Stress-inoculation training ________ a. has been employed in the military and been found to be ineffective. b. prepares one to deal with a stressor by considering solutions to the problems that are likely. c. is a form of cognitive preparation that can be used to minimize the impact of an anticipated threat. d. can be used to prepare for most any disaster.

Answer 74

c. is a form of cognitive preparation that can be used to minimize the impact of an anticipated threat.

Question 75

Short-term crisis therapy ________ a. typically consists of six to ten sessions. b. rarely involves family members or other medical personnel. c. begins with the assumption that the affected individual was functioning well before the current crisis. d. is usually provided by a trained lay person.

Answer 75

c. begins with the assumption that the affected individual was functioning well before the current crisis.

Question 75

Arielle was in a terrible car accident in which several people were killed. A few weeks later, she began to talk about what happened. She told the story to anyone who would listen. This seems to be _________ a. a way to reduce anxiety and desensitize herself to the experience. b. a maladaptive coping response that will heighten her distress. c. a sign that she is beginning to develop PTSD. d. a sign that she is in the shock stage of disaster syndrome.

Answer 75

a. a way to reduce anxiety and desensitize herself to the experience.

Question 75

Following a disaster, debriefing sessions _________ a. provide those involved with a chance to share their feelings and concerns. b. are not necessary for experienced disaster workers. c. tend to increase the anxiety felt by many victims. d. should be conducted by professionals.

Answer 75

a. provide those involved with a chance to share their feelings and concerns

Question 76

Which of the following would be an example of prolonged exposure? a. Mandy visited the accident site. b. Carol considered ways in which she could make her apartment safer. c. John planned a new route to work. d. Chris learned judo.

Answer 76

a. Mandy visited the accident site.

Question 77

The medications used in the treatment of PTSD _________ a. are used to alter the stressful situation. b. act to minimize the cognitive response to the stressor. c. provide the client with a temporary escape from the trauma. d. provide minimal benefits for treating PTSD

Answer 77

d. provide minimal benefits for treating PTSD

Question 78

Despite the many barriers to effectively researching the effectiveness of disaster responses, it has been found that _________ a. treatment benefits everyone. b. a single debriefing session is always an effective "quick fix." c. cognitive therapy reduces the PTSD symptoms of the majority of those who are treated. d. more study in this area is not needed as it is too expensive, too time consuming, and too subjective.

Answer 78

c. cognitive therapy reduces the PTSD symptoms of the majority of those who are treated.

Question 79

A significant drawback to the use of medication for PTSD is _________ a. it can work well during the day; however, the person often continues to have nightmares and sleep disturbances. b. there is still some doubt about the extent of its effectiveness. c. it can make people overly sensitized to the "warning signs" of distress. d. there are no significant drawbacks

Answer 79

b. there is still some doubt about the extent of its effectiveness.

Question 80

Virtual reality exposure treatment for PTSD has been shown to _________ a. have no effect on PTSD symptoms. b. have a significant effect in increasing PTSD symptoms. c. have a significant effect in decreasing PTSD symptoms. d. have no scientific basis.

Answer 80

c. have a significant effect in decreasing PTSD symptoms.

Question 81

stress that results from doing an exam A) excitement B) anxiety C) eustress D) distress

Answer 81

D) distress

Question 82

type of stress that may occur after participating in a football game, even watching one A) excitement B) anxiety C) eustress D) distress

Answer 82

C) eustress

Question 83

according to the DSM, an adjustment disorder does NOT involve A) bereavement B) marked distress C) significant impairment in social, occupational or other areas of functioning D) identifiable stressors

Answer 83

A) bereavement

Question 84

according to the DSM, an essential feature of acute stress disorder involves: A) development of characteristic anxiety, dissociative or other symptoms within 1 month after exposure to traumatic stressor. B) development of characteristic anxiety, dissociative or other symptoms within 2 month after exposure to traumatic stressor. C) development of characteristic anxiety, dissociative or other symptoms within 1 week after exposure to traumatic stressor. D) development of characteristic anxiety, dissociative or other symptoms within 2 weeks after exposure to traumatic stressor.

Answer 84

A) development of characteristic anxiety, dissociative or other symptoms within 1 month after exposure to traumatic stressor.

Question 85

according to the DSM, the key features of adjustment disorder include A) a maladaptive response to stressors that continue for at least 6 months B) a maladaptive response to common stressors within 3 months of the stressor C) represent symptoms of bereavement and dissociative reactions D) Marked physiological reactions to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event(s

Answer 85

B) a maladaptive response to common stressors within 3 months of the stressor

Question 86

the symptoms in adjustment disorder must cause significant clinical difficulties including marked distress that is out of proportion to the severity of the stress, after taking into account A) B) C) D) environmental and cultural factors

Answer 86

D) environmental and cultural factors

Question 87

which of the following is NOT included as part of the diagnostic criteria for PTSD A) experiencing trauma by learning that the death of family or close friend was caused by accident B) Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of the traumatic event C) witnessing in person, a traumatic event happen to someone else D) the response to the trauma must be marked by intense fear, helplessness or horror.

Answer 87

D) the response to the trauma must be marked by intense fear, helplessness or horror.

Question 88

which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of stress A) severity B) chronicity C) timing D) probability

Answer 88

D) probability

Question 89

Acute stress is _____stress. Chronic stress is ______stress. A) long term ; short term B) short term ; long term C) sudden ; gradual D) intense ; mild

Answer 89

B) short term ; long term