128 - Acute Infectious Diarrheal Disease

Question 1

Chronic diarrhea > 2 weeks = __

Answer 1

chronic diarrhea

Question 2

Diarrhea + fever= __

Answer 2

invasive disease

Question 3

Diarrhea + abdominal pain= __

Answer 3

inflammatory diseases (shigella/campylobacter/necrotizing toxins)

Question 4

Abdominal cramping + diarrhea can be caused by __ loss, like in the case of __.

Answer 4

electrolytes

cholera

Question 5

Which pathogen cause appendicitis like pain?

Answer 5

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 6

Which pathogen cause tenesmus?

Answer 6

shigellosis/ amebiasis

Question 7

Using Abx in cases of diarrhea may increase the risk of being a carrier of __

Answer 7

salmonellosis

Question 8

Light dehydration= 4

Answer 8

thirst
dry mouth
reduced axillary perspiration
oliguria

Question 9

Medium dehydration= 3

Answer 9

orthostatic BP
skin tenting
sunken eyes

Question 10

severe dehydration= 4

Answer 10

lethargy
obtundation
weak pulse
hypotension -> shock

Question 11

Travel diarrhea will cause __, __, and __. It usually begins - days after arriving at the destination. It is a - disease, resolving within - days.

Answer 11

abdominal cramping 
anorexia
watery diarrhea (secretory)
3-14
self-limited
1-5

Question 12

What is the common pathogens causing traveler’s diarrhea?

Answer 12

Campylobacter jejuni
shigella
cryptosporidium

Question 13

Which bacteria will cause food poisoning 1-6 h after introduction? 2

Answer 13

staph aureus

bacillus cereus

Question 14

Which bacteria will cause food poisoning 8-16 h after introduction? 2

Answer 14

clostridium perfringens

bacillus cereus

Question 15

Which bacteria will cause food poisoning >16 h after introduction? 5

Answer 15

vibrio cholera
E. coli
salmonella 
campylobacter jejuni
shigella

Question 16

S. aureus and B. cereus release __ and are common in food kept in room temp for a long period. symptoms include __,__,__.

Answer 16

enterotoxins
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea

Question 17

Clostridium perfringens can be found in __ that was not cooked toughly. Clinical signs include:__ and __. __ and __ are uncommon, and the disease is self limited (<24 h)

Answer 17

meat
abdominal pain
diarrhea
fever 
vomiting

Question 18

Important rule of treating diarrhea is sufficient __ with __ (__)

Answer 18

rehydration
ORS
oral rehydration solution

Question 19

What does ORS contain? 4

Answer 19

KCL, HCO3, glucose, NaCl

Question 20

Using Abx for travelers diarrhea can reduce the disease from - days to - hours, but may result in the development of __ bacteria,

Answer 20

3-5
24
36
MDR

Question 21

Dysentery=__

Answer 21

bloody diarrhea + fever

Question 22

Patients with dysentery should receive an empiric treatment of __ or __

Answer 22

fluoroquinolone

macrolide

Question 23

Shigella may lead to __ and should be treated for - days

Answer 23

dysentery

3-7

Question 24

Which Abx is most suitable for treating campylobacter?

Answer 24

macrolide

Question 25

Treating EHEC is __, and may lead to __ and renal failure (X20)

Answer 25

wrong!

HUS

Question 26

EHEC=__

Answer 26

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Question 27

Which drug is used to prevent travelers diarrhea, but may lead to S/E such as blackening of the teeth/tongue/tinnitus

Answer 27

bismuth subsalicylate (קלבטן)

Question 28

Which virus can be vaccinated against, in order to prevent diarrhea?

Answer 28

Rota virus