294 - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Flashcards
ARDS is defined a syndrome of __ dyspnea and spread pulmonary ___ leading to pulmonary __.
acute
infiltration
inefficiency
ARDS is caused by extensive __ damage due to severe __ or __.
pulmonary
disease
surgery
What are the main clinical disorders commonly associated with ARDS? 5
Pneumonia aspiration of gastric contact sepsis severe trauma drug overdose
What are the 3 stages of ARDS?
exudative
proliferative
fibrotic
The exudative phase lasts for __ days. Symptoms start in the first - hours but can delay to the - day.
7
12-36
5-7
The clinical symptoms of ARDS in the exudative phase include: 5
dyspnea gasping tachypnea respiratory tiredness respiratory failure
The proliferative phase is between days -.
7-21
During the proliferative phase most patients __ but still suffer from 3
recover
dyspnea
tachypnea
hypoxemia
Most patients recover - weeks after the initial injury, but some continue to the __ phase.
3-4
fibrotic
Patients in the fibrotic phase may require long term __ or permanent __ supply.
ventilation
oxygen
During the fibrotic phase there is an increased risk for __.
pneumothorax
What are the 5 general principles for treating ARDS?
- treating disease/background (sepsis/aspiration/trauma)
- preform minimal procedures
- preventive care for VTE/GI bleeding/aspiration/CVP infection/excessive anesthesia
- early diagnosis and treating nosocomial infections
- sufficient nutrition
During ARDS ventilation use __ in order to reduce mortality. Consider also low __.
low volumes
tidal volume
In order to prevent alveolar collapse use __
PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure)
__ position reduce mortality in patients with severe ARDS.
prone
