148 - Botulism Flashcards
Botulism is a __ disease caused by the toxin. Infection is made by __ the toxin, __ by the bacteria, __ infection.
neuroparalytic
digesting
infection
wound
Botulism is made by one of the 4 serotypes of __ bacteria. They are G(_) and __.
clostridia
+
anaerobic
In order for the toxin to be made specific conditions must be kept: 3
pH>4.5
low sugar/salt
temp > 3 degrees C
The most severe symptoms are caused by serotype _. Patients may need __. Serotype _ is sometimes found in seafood, and F cause__ and __ which gone quickly.
A mechanical ventilation E quadriplegia respiratory failure
Clinical presentation include bilateral __ of the __ nerves.
paralysis
cranial
Botulism may cause __ failure, __ muscles paralysis starting __ moving __, and even __
respiratory voluntary superiorly inferiorly death
The incubation time from the moment the toxin was ingested is - h but can last up to _ days, depending on __.
8-36
10
dosage
Cranial nerve injury can include: 6
diplopia dysarthria dysphonia ptosis facial nerve paralysis gag reflex disturbance
Autonomic symptoms may also be present: 5
vertigo dry mouth soar throat paralytic ileus anuria
Clinical improvement may take - and __ is necessary, sometimes with partial success
weeks
months
rehabilitation
What other DDx should we consider when thinking on butolism?
GBS myasthenia gravis stroke Eaton lambert syndrome tick paralysis
Compare GBS to botulism- the first stars __ and moves __ (beside Miller-Fisher) followed by an __ disease and CSF __
inferiorly
superiorly
acute infective
pleocytosis
What is the Miller Fisher tirade?
Ataxia
ophthalmoplegia
areflexia
What is the main treatment for botulism?
ICU + antitoxin (BAT-botulism antitoxin heptavalent)
avoid aminoglycosides
