Flashcards in 3: Biological Bases to Behavior Deck (68)
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of BROCA'S AREA
LOC: LEFT part of PREFONTAL CORTEX
FCT: SPEECH (if damaged, individual can't speak correctly)
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EEG (2)
- electroencephalograph
- device that monitors the ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY of the brain over time by means of recording ELECTRODES attached to the surface of the SCALP
- different brain WAVE patterns are associated w. dif states of MENTAL ACTIVITY
- diagnosis of brain damage n epilepsy
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TMS (4)
- new technique that permits scientists to temporarily ENHANCE or DEPRESS activity in a specific area of the brain
- "VIRTUAL LESIONS"
- penetrates 2 CM
- delivered from MAGNET mounted on a small PADDLE
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lesioning (2)
- involves DESTROYING a piece of BRAIN
- typ. done by inserting an ELECTRODE into a brain structure n passing a high frequency ELECTRIC CURRENT thru it to BURN the tissue n disable the structure
- hunger regulation
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ESB (3)
- electrical stimulation of the brain
- involves sending a weak ELECTRIC CURRENT into the brain structure to stimulate (ACTIVATE) it.
- mostly conducted on ANIMALS but humans play a role to in the context of BRAIN SURGERY
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MRI (3)
- magnetic resonance imaging
- uses MAGNETIC fields, radio WAVES, and computer enhancement to map out brain structure
- 3DIMENSIONlAL, hi resolution
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CT scan (2)
- computerized tomography scan
- computer enhanced XRAY of brain structure
MULTIPLE x rays are shot from many ANGLES, n the computer combines the readings to create image from HORIZONTAL slice of brain
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LOCATION + FUNCTION of PITUITARY (6)
- LOC: BOTTOM of brain
- FCT: "CAPTAIN of the team"
- "DISTRIBUTOR"
- recieves hormones from the HYPOTHALAMUS
- influences METABOLISM
- "sends hormones that activate OTHERS"
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of HYPOTHALAMUS
LOC: near base of FOREBRAIN
- under THALAMUS
FCT: BASIC biological needs (4Fs: fighting, fleeing, feeding and f***ing)
- LINK b.w brain n ENDOCRINE system
- controls AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
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fMRI (2)
- functional magnetic resonance imaging
- monitors BLOOD FLOW and OXYGEN CONSUMPTION in brain to identify areas of HI ACTIVITY
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LOCATION + FUNCTION of RETICULAR FORMATION
LOC: - runs thru HINDBRAIN n MIDBRAIN
- located at CENTRAL core of BRAINSTEM
FCT: contributes to regulation of MUSCLE reflexes, BREATHING, PAIN perception, SLEEP/AROUSAL
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of HIPPOCAMPUS?
LOC: LIMBIC system
FCT: role in memory processes
Neurogenesis, conversion of memory to long term
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of THALAMUS
LOC: strucure in the FOREBRAIN
FCT: relays all SENSORY info (except smell) to dif parts of the CEREBRAL CORTEX
- takes ACTIVE role in integrating information
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PET scan (3)
- positron emission tomography
- examines BRAIN FUNCTION, mapping brain activity
- RADIOACTIVELY TAGGED chemicals introduced into the brain and serve as MARKERS of blood flow or METABOLIC ACTIVITY
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of TEMPORAL LOBES
LOC: located near the TEMPLES n beneath the PARIETAL lobe
FCT: contains an area devoted to AUDITORY processing, called the PRIMARY AUDITORY CORTEX
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of AMYGDALA
LOC: LIMBIC system
FCT: role in learning of FEAR responses n processing of other basic RESPONSES
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of CEREBELLUM
LOC: relatively LARGE and deeply FOLDED structure located next to the BACK surface of the BRAINSTEM
FCT: COORDINATION(writing, typing, playing an instrument) n BALANCE
(Alchohol tests)
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The AMYGDALA is located in the .. .. , at the end of each .. .., and is VITAL to our experiences of .. (--> ...)
- LIMBIC SYSTEM
- HIPPOCAMPAL ARM
- EMOTION
- FEAR
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The CEREBELLUM is involved with .. (writing, typing, playing an instrument) and .. (alcohol tests)
- COORDINATION
- BALANCE
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of OCCIPITAL LOBE
LOC: back of the head
FCT: includes cortical area where most VISUAL SIGNALS are sent n visual processing begins
-->PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX
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LOCATION n FUNCTION of PARIETAL LOBE
LOC: FORWARD of the occipital lobe
FCT: includes area that registers the sense of TOUCH, called the PRIMARY SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX
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The MEDULLA is part of the .., and attaches to the .. .. It controls largely .. but .. functions (e.g. circulating .., .., sneezing, coughing, ..)
- HIND BRAIN
- SPINAL CORD
- UNCONSCIOUS but VITAL
- BLOOD
- BREATHING
- SALIVATING
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The LOCUS COERILEUS is located in the .. .. and CONTROLS .. .. .
- FRONTAL LOBE
- ATTENTION TO ENVIRONMENT
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SEROTONIN plays a prominent role in .. ..
- MOOD CONTROL
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WERNICKE's AREA is located in the .. .. in the .. ..; it plays a major role in .. .. (damage in this area would lead to ..)
- TEMPORAL LOBE
- LEFT HEMISPHERE
- LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION
- problems with language comprehension duh
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CORPUS CALLOSUM is the .. of .. that passes between the two .. ..; its FUNCTIONS include .. b/w .. .. and .. ..
BRIDGE of FIBERS
- CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES
- COMMUNICATION B/W BRAIN HEMISPHERE
- EYE MOVEMENT
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"EVERY MOVE you make (talking, walking, breathing) depends on this neurotransmitter, which is released to .. by .. .."
-->ACETYLCHOLINE
- MUSCLES
- MOTOR NEURONS
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DOPAMINE is used by neurons to control .. .. and plays a role in .. ; the degeneration of such neurons contribute to .. .. (marked by tremors, muscle rigidity, n reduced control over voluntary movements) and .. (+dopamine)
- VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT
- ALERTNESS
- PARKINSON's DISEASE
- SCHIZOPHRENIA
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GLUTAMATE is an .. .. distributed in the ..; it is .. and contributes to .. and ..; disturbances in gaba circuits may contribute to some types of .. ..
- AMINO ACID
- BRAIN
- EXCITATORY
- LEARNING n MEMORY
- SCHIZOPHRENIA
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