Endocrine Disorders Flashcards
(112 cards)
1
Q
Disease characterized by hypoactivity of thyroid gland.
A
Hypothyroidism
2
Q
(Increase, decrease) Calcium in Hypothyroidism
A
Decreased
3
Q
Signs and symptoms of Hypothyroidism
A
Weight gain
retarded growth
Bradycardia
Sensitivity to cold temperature
4
Q
Reason why there is weight gain in hypothyroidism
A
Decreased catabolic rate
5
Q
Reason why there is bradycardia in hypothyroidism
A
decreased metabolism due to decreasedoxygen demand
6
Q
Clinical manifestations of Hypothyroidism
A
Myxedema
Cretenism
Hashimoto’s disease
7
Q
Form of hypothyroidism in adult
A
Myxedema
8
Q
Form of hypothyroidism in children
A
Cretenism
9
Q
Oral finding in cretenism
A
Macroglossia
Prolonged retention of primary teeth
10
Q
end of primary dentition
A
12 years old
11
Q
An autoimmune disease that attacks the thyroid
A
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
12
Q
Hashimoto is associated with?
A
High blood cholesterol
Positive nitrogen balance
Decreased protein bound iodine
Decreased iodine uptake by the thyroid gland
13
Q
Most common hypothyroidism
A
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
14
Q
Disease characterized by hyperactivity of thyroid gland
A
Hyperthyroidism
15
Q
Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism
A
Weight loss
Irritability
nervousness
tremors
16
Q
Most common sign of hyperthyroidism
A
Exophthalmus
17
Q
Oral finding of hyperthyroidism
A
Early loss of primary teeth
18
Q
What is a tremor?
A
uncontrolled muscle activity
19
Q
Reason why there is early loss of primary teeth
A
decreased bone support
20
Q
Clinical manifestation of Hyperthyroidism
A
Grave’s disease
Plummer disease
21
Q
Autoimmune disease of which antibodies bind to TSH receptors
A
Grave’s disease
22
Q
Complication of grave’s disease
A
Pre-tibial myxedema
23
Q
Disease with nodular growth or adenoma of the thyroid
A
Plummer disease
24
Q
most contraindicated in hyperthyroidism
A
Epinephrine
25
Reason why epinephrine is contraindicated in px with hyperthyroidism
Thyrotoxicosis
26
A condition in which one or more of the parathyroid glands become overactive and secretes too much PTH
Hyperparathyroidism
27
Hyperparathyroidism causes?
Cystic bone lesion
Nephrocalcinosis
Metastatic calcifications
28
Other name of hyperparathyroidism
Von recklinghausen's disease of the bone
29
Other name for cystic bone lesion
Central giant cell granuloma
30
Central giant cell granuloma is associated with?
Ameloblastoma
31
Accumulation of calcium nephron
Nephroliths
32
most common organ affected during metastatic calcification
Lungs
33
Metastatic calcification in lungs leads to?
Cancer of the lungs- Oat cell carninoma
34
Radiographic finding in hyperparathyroidism
Ground-glass
| Absence of Lamina Dura
35
Dental concern of Hyperparathyroidism
Bone fracture
36
Most common cancer of the lungs
SSC
37
Clinical manifestation of hyperparathyroidism
Primary
| Secondary
38
Hyperparathyroidism that is caused by cancer
Primary hyperparathyroidism
39
Hyperparathyroidism as a result of chronic renal disease or kidney failure
Secondary hypeparathyroidism
40
A condition of decreased secretion or activity of PTH.
Hypoparathyroidism
41
Common procedure that results to Hypoparathyroidism
Accidental surgical removal of thyroid gland
42
Hypoparathyroidism is associated with
Digeorge syndrome
43
Condition due to hyposecretion of GH
Dwarfism
44
Characteristics of dwarfism
Abnormally short height
Smaller maxilla and mandible
Delayed eruption of permanent teeth
45
A condition where the child has a normal size of torso but abnormally short extremities
Achondroplastic dwarfism
46
Overproduction of GH before epiphyseal plates closure
Gigantism
47
Overproduction of GH afterepiphyseal plates closure
Acromegaly
48
Oral manifestation of acromegaly
Large tongue
49
Condition where there is lack of anterior pituitary gland functioning caused by ischemic necrosis due to blood loss and hypovolemic shock during and after childbirth
Sheehan's disease
50
Other name for sheehan's disease
Postpartum pituitary gland necrosis
51
Sheehan's disease can result to?
Addison's disease
Myxedema
Hypogonadism
52
Rare tumor formed from adrenal medulla chromaffin cells
Pheochromoytoma
53
Cancer in childrenthat affects the adrenal medulla
Pheochromoytoma
54
Hallmark of Pheochromoytoma
Hypertension
55
Pheochromoytoma associated with
Sturge-weber syndrome
| Multiple endocrine neoplasia
56
A rare disorder characterized y the association of facial birthmark called port-wine stain that follows the trigeminal pathway, neurologic disorder and eye abnnormalities
Sturge-weber syndrome
57
other name for sturge-weber syndrome
Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis
58
What is a glaucoma?
High occular pressure due to increase aqueous in the eye
59
Ganglion affected in Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis
Semilunar ganglion
60
Radiographic appearance of Sturge-weber syndrome
Tram-line calcifications in the skull
61
Venous malformation of Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis
Leptomeninges of the cerebral cotex
62
Neurologic disorder of sturge-weber syndrome
Mental retardation
Hemiparesis
Seizure disorder
63
What is hemiparesis?
weakness of one side of the body
64
An autosoomal dominant multiple endocrine neoplasia affects?
Parathyroid
Pancreas
Pituitary
65
caused by medullary thyroid carcinoma, phechromocytoma and parathyroid hyperplasia
MEN II
66
Other name for MEN II
Sipple disease
67
MEN most associated with pheochromocytoma
MEN II
68
Patients with this condition have no phenotypic abnormalitis of mucosal neuromas
MEN II-A
69
Patients with this condition have MARFANOID HABITUS
MEN IIB
70
Most common malignant tumor found in CHILDREN
Neuroblastoma
71
Disease that targets ADRENAL gland that can metastasize to LIVER
Neuroblastoma
72
Disease caused by a deficiency in aldosterone or cortisol
Addison's disease
73
Pathognomonic sign of addison's disease
Melanosis
| bronze-color skin
74
Type of addison disease caused by autoimmune or infection
Primary addison's disease
75
Tye of addison's disease due to decrease of ACTH from pituitary gland
Secondary addison's disease
76
The test to differentiate primary to secondary addison is
ACTH stimulation test
77
Disease caused by an excessive aldosterone production
Conn's disease
78
Disease due to excessive STEROIDS production
Cushing's disease
79
Pathognomonic sign in Cushing's disease
Buffalo hump
| Moon face
80
Dental concern in Cushing's disease
Infections
81
What are Steroids?
anti-inflammatory
| anti-stress
82
Side effect of STEROIDS
Immunosuppressant
| Weight gain
83
A group of metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period
Diabetes mellitus
84
Signs and symptoms of DM
Polyphagia
Polyuria
Polydypsia
85
Chronic condition in DM which the pancreas produces little or no insulin
DM I
86
Other name of DM I
Juvenile diabetes
| Insulin-dependent
87
Treatment of DM I
lifetime Insulin shot
88
onset of Insulin shot
12-24 hours
89
Chronic condition in DM that affects the way the body metabolizes sugar (glucose) caused by deficient insulin.
DM II
90
Other name for DM II
Non-insulin dependent
91
Predisposing factor of DM II
Amyloidosis
92
Pathognomonic sign of DM II
Ketone breath due to ketoacidosis
93
Treatment of DM II
Good diet
Metformin
Exercise
94
can DM I becomes DM II
No
95
can DM II becomes DM I
Yes
96
Ketone bodies are excereted by the body through?
Expiration
97
DM due to excessive steroids intake
DM III
98
DM due to hormonal imbalance
DM IV
99
Other name for DM IV
Gestational diabetes
100
Complications of DM
Cardiovascular
Retinopathy leading to glaucoma
Nephropathy
101
What is the most common type of DM?
Type II
102
What is the most common cause of death of DM
Cardiovascular
103
What is the pathognomonic sign of DM?
Ketone breath
104
What is the dental concern for patients with DM?
Poor wound healing due to increase sugar which tends to increase infection
105
A rare condition when there is deficiency in ADH.
Diabetes insipidus
106
Signs and symptoms of Diabetes insipidus
Polyuria
| Polydypsia
107
Treatment of diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin
108
Artificial vasopressin
Desmopressin
109
Etiologies of metabolic acidosis
Diabetes
Starvation
Lactic acidosis
Severe dehydration
110
Clinical manifestation of metabolic acidosis
Dyspnea
Nausea
Vomiting
111
Etiologies of Metabolic alkalosis
```
Vomiting
Diuretic use
Cushing syndrome
Conn's
Exogenous steroids
```
112
Clinical manifestation of Metabolic alkalosis
```
Confusion
Delirium
Coma
Arrythmia
Hypotension
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