Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Learn more about the CN
1
Q
Number of Cranial Nerves
A
12 Paired CN
2
Q
Two fibers of the Nerves
A
Sensory and Motor
3
Q
If ask what CN innervates this muscle refers to?
a. Sensory
b. Motor
A
Motor
4
Q
AKA
S. A. M. E
A
Sensory=Afferent
Motor = Efferent
5
Q
What are the 12 paired CN?
A
- Olfactory
- Optic
- Oculomotor
- Trochlear
- Trigeminal
- Abducens
- Facial
- Auditory/Vestibulocochlear
- Glossopharyngeal
- Vagus
- Accessory
- Hypoglossal
6
Q
Foramen exit of CN 1
A
Cribriform plate of Ethmoid bone
7
Q
Olfactory
a. Sensory
b. Motor
A
Sensory:Smell
8
Q
Receptor Cell of CN1
A
Olfactorants
9
Q
Ethmoid bone is usually found?
A
Posterior to the nose
10
Q
Optic refers to?
A
Vision
11
Q
Foramen exit of CN2
A
Optic Canal of Sphenoid bone
12
Q
CN2 receptor cells
A
Rods and Cones
13
Q
Rods is to ____
Cones is to ____
A
Night time
Daytime/Colors
14
Q
CN2 receptor cells are found which part of the eye?
A
Retina
15
Q
If ask which receptor cell of CN2 is deficient in person with color blindness?
A
Cones
16
Q
Artery that exits in optic canal
A
Opthalmic artery
17
Q
If ask what structures are affected if optic canal is damage from trauma?
A
Optic Nerve
Opthalmic artery
18
Q
Optic is purely?
A
Sensory:Vision
19
Q
Oculo=
Motor=
A
Eye Muscles/movement
20
Q
Foramen exit of CN3
A
Superior Orbital Fissure of sphenoid bone
21
Q
Oculomotor is purely?
A
Motor
22
Q
SO4 LR6 R3
A
Superior Oblique muscle- CN 4
Lateral Rectus M.- CN6
Rest of the eye muscles are innervated by CN3
23
Q
Parasympathetic of CN3
A
Sphincter pupillae and ciliary lens
24
Q
If ask where is the specific location of SOF?
A
junction/demarcation of greater and lesser wings of sphenoid bone
25
Bat-wings shape
Sphenoid bone
26
What does Parasympathetic means?
Balance
27
Foramen exit of CN4
SOF
28
Foramen exit of CN6
SOF
29
Structures that exits in SOF
CN3, 4, 6, opthalmic branch of CN5 and opthalmic vein
30
Largest cranial nerve of head and neck
Trigeminal Nerve or CN5
31
How many branches does CN5 has?
3
32
What do you call that collection of nerves outside the brain?
Ganglion
33
What do you call that collection of nerves inside the brain?
Nuclei
34
4 nuclei of CN5
Mesencephalic nucleus
Principal sensory
Spinal nucleus
motor nucleus
35
It is responsible for Jaw-Jerk reflex
Mesencephalic nucleus
36
Half moon shape
Trigeminal ganglion
37
Location of Gasserian ganglion
Meckel's cave of petrous portion of the temporal bone
38
3 branches of CN V
V1 Opthalmic
V2 Maxillary
V3 Mandibular
39
Main branches of CN V1
Frontal
Nasociliary
Lacrimal nerves
40
Largest branch of CN V1
Frontal
41
Smallest branch of CN V1
Lacrimal nerves
42
Foramen exit of CN V1
SOF
43
Organs innervated by CN V1
Cornea
Nose
Forehead
Scalp
44
Main branches of CN V2
Zygomatic
Pterygopalatine (sphenopalatine)
PSAN
45
Other names of PTERYGOPALATINE nerve
Sphenopalatine
Nasopalatine
Nerve of Scarpa
46
Foramen exit of CN V2
Foramen rotundum
47
Organs innervated by CN V2
```
SENSORY:
Lower eyelid
Upper lip
Nasopharynx
Tonsils
Palate
Paranasal sinuses
Mx teeth
```
48
What are the Paranasal sinuses?
Maxillary
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
49
Main function of the paranasal sinuses.
Lightens the weight of the skull
50
Terminal branch of CN V2
Infraorbital nerve
51
Nerves included in the Outer nerve loop
ASAN
MSAN
PSAN
52
Nerves included in the INNER NERVE LOOP
Nasopalatine nerve
Greater palatine nerve
Lesser palatine nerve
53
ASAN innervates?
Labial surfaces of anterior teeth
54
MSAN innervates?
bicuspids and mesiobuccal root of mx 1st molar
55
PSAN innervates
From distobuccal root of mx 1st molar to the 3rd molar
56
Nasopalatine innervates?
Palatal area of anterior teeth
57
Greater palatine innervates?
Palatal area of all posterior teeth
58
Lesser palatine nerve innervates?
soft tissues of Soft palate, uvula, tonsils
59
Distance of Greater palatine foramen to the lesser palatine foramen
2mm
60
Ganglion where ASAN and MSAN meet
Bochdalek
61
Ganglion where MSAN and PSAN meet
Valentine
62
BQ. Sphenopalatine nerve is a branch of?
Maxillary nerve
63
Branches of CN V3 located in the ANTERIOR TRUNK
Buccal nerve
Masseteric nerve
Deep temporal nerve
Nerve to lateral pterygoid
64
The only sensory nerve in the anterior trunk of CN V3
Buccal Nerve
65
Branches of CN V3 located in the POSTERIOR TRUNK
IAN
Auriculotemporal Nerve
Lingual nerve
66
Largest branch of CN V3
IAN
67
Terminal branch of CN V3
Mental nerve
68
BQ. Location of mandibular foramen in relation to the occlusal plane in adult
above or level to the occlusal plane
69
BQ. Location of mandibular foramen in relation to the occlusal plane in children
below the occlusal plane
70
IAN innervates?
All Mn teeth
71
Mental nerve innervates?
Soft tissues of anterior teeth
| lower lip
72
Foramen exit of CN V3
Foramen ovale
73
Sensory innervation of CN V3
```
Auditory meatus
TMJ
Chin
Lower lip
Anterior 2/3 (tip) of the tongue
Mn teeth
```
74
2 sensation of the tongue
Pain
| Taste
75
Responsible for the sensation of PAIN in the tongue
Lingual nerve of Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal nerve (Lingual of CN V3)
76
Motor innervation of CN V3
```
Muscles of mastication
Ant. belly of digastric
Tensor tympani
Tensor veli palatini
mylohyoid muscles
```
77
What nerves innervates the TMJ?
Auriculotemporal nerve branch of Mandibular nerve of the Trigeminal nerve (ATN of CN V3)
78
What are the muscles of mastication?
Temporalis muscle
Internal pterygoid
Masseter
External pterygoid
79
Prime mover of the muscles of mastication
External Pterygoid
80
Velum means?
Soft Palate
81
Mylohyoid muscle is found?
floor of the mouth
82
BQ. Which branch of trigeminal nerve has motor fiber?
CN V3
83
Branches of CN VII
```
Temporalis
Zygomatic
Buccal
Marginal mandibular
Cervical
```
84
Most superior branch of CN VII
Temporalis
85
Foramen exit of CN VII
Internal acoustic meatus--> stylomastoid foramen
86
BQ. Which foramen does CN VII exits?
Stylomastoid foramen
87
What innervates the Posterior belly of digastric muscles?
CN VII
88
Stylomastoid foramen is located?
in TEMPORAL bone
89
Sensory innervation of CN VII
Taste to the anterior 2/3 (tip) of the tongue
90
Responsible for the taste sensation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Chorda tympani of CN VII
91
Parasympathetic innervation of CN VII
lacrimal, sublingual and submandibular glands
92
BQ. What nerve innervates mimetic muscle?
CN VII
93
Mimetic muscles is also known as
Muscles of facial expressions
94
What are the Mimetic muscles?
Occipitofrontalis- surprise
Corrugator supercilli- frowning
Orbicularis oculi- wink
Zygomaticus major- smiling
Risorius- plasticity
Levator labii superioris alaque nasi- snarl
Orbicularis oris- main muscle for pout and kissing
a. Depressor labii inferioris- sorrow, doubt and melancholy
b. Buccinator- whistling and sucking
c. Mentalis- pouting
95
Muscle responsible for surprise
Occipitofrontalis
96
Muscle that draws the eyebrows closer to each other
Corrugator supercilli
97
Muscle responsible for closing the eyelid. Innervated by?
Orbicularis oculi - CN VII
98
Muscle responsible for opening the eyelid. Innervated by?
levator palpebrae muscle= CN III
99
Caninus is also known as
levator anguli oris
100
Triangularis is also known as
depressor anguli oris
101
how many muscles involved when smiling?
17
102
How many muscles involved when Angry?
43
103
Difference between gland and duct
```
gland= PRODUCES
duct= SECRETES
```
104
Foramen exit of CN VIII
Internal acoustic meatus of temporal bone
105
Sensory of CN VIII
Hearing and Balance
106
BQ. 2 strucrures that passes in the Internal acoustic meatus
CN VII and CNVIII
107
Foramen exit of CN IX
Jugular foramen
108
Sensory innervation of CN IX
```
Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
pharynx
tonsils
middle ear
carotid sinus
```
109
Function of carotid sinus
lowers BP
110
Motor innervation of CN IX
Stylopharyngeus
111
Parasympathetic innervation of CN IX
Parotid gland
112
Other term for Bell's Palsy
Facial Nerve paralysis
113
What causes Bell's palsy? (not dental)
idiopathic
114
Dental cause for Bell's palsy
Penetrates parotid gland capsule during IAN administration/ injection of IAN too far posterior
115
Largest cranial nerve of the body
Vagus nerve CN X
116
Foramen exit of CN X
Jugular Foramen
117
Sensory innervation of CN X
Heart
Abdominal organs
lungs
base of tongue
118
Motor innervation of CN X
Laryngeal muscles
All Pharyngeal muscle except Stylopharyngeus
All Palatal muscle except Tensor veli palatini
119
nerve that innervates stylopharyngeus muscle?
CN IX
120
nerve that imnervates tensor veli palatini
CN V
121
Parasympathetic innervation of CN X
Heart
Abdominal organs
lungs
122
Other name of accessory nerve
Spinal nerve
123
Foramen exit of CN XI
Jugular foramen
124
Motor innervation of CN XI
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
| Trapezius
125
Responsible for rotating and flexing the head
Sternocleidomastoid
126
Responsible for tilting the head
Trapezius
127
Lateral boundary of the neck
Sternocleidomastoid
128
Anterior boundary of the neck. Innervated by?
Platysma - CN VII
129
Posterior boundary of the neck. Innervated by?
Trapezius - CN XI
130
Muscle involved in WHIPLASH
SCM (over extended)
131
BQ. Innervates muscles of the neck
CN VII and XI
132
Structures that exit in Jugular Foramen
CN IX, X and XI
133
Foramen exit of CN XII
Hypoglossal canal of occipital bone
134
Motor innervation of CN XII
Extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue
135
What is the largest cranial merve of the Head and Neck?
Trigeminal Nerve
136
What is the largest cranial nerve of the WHOLE body?
Vagus nerve
137
What is the longest intracranial nerve?
Trochlear nerve
138
Pure afferent CN
I, II and VIII
139
Pure efferent CN
III, IV, VI, XI, and XII
140
Mixed CN
V, VII, IX and X
141
Parasympathetic CN
III, VII, IX and X
142
Pharyngeal plexus (nerves that innervates pharynx)
IX, X and XI
