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Respiratory Diseases Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

What are some respiratory diseases?

A 
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Bonchiectasis
Atelectiasis
Asthma
Pneumoconioses
Cystic fibrosis
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
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2
Q

Which lung more common affected by pneumonia?

A

Right lung

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3
Q

Common reason why right lung is prone to pneumonia

A

Anatomy of primary bronchu

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4
Q

Sign and symptoms of Pneumonia

A 
High grade fever of 105F  and above
cough with mucus
chills
feeling tired
low appetite 
dyspnea
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5
Q

Types of Pneumonia

A 
Lobar
Bronchopneumonia
Community-acquired pneumonia
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Atypical pneumonia
HIV/AIDS-related pneumonia
Viral pneumonia
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6
Q

type of pneumonia in which the infection may spread through entire lobe

A

Lobar pneumonia

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7
Q

Causative agent of lobar pneumonia

A

Strep pneumonia

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8
Q

type of pneumonia in which the infection may spread through distal airways, extending from the bronchioles and alveoli

A

Bronchopneumonia

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9
Q

causative agent og bronchopneumonia

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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10
Q

causative agent for Community-acuired pneumonia

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

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11
Q

causative agent for Hospital acquired pneumonia

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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12
Q

causative agent for atypical pneumonia?

A

mycoplasma pneumonia

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13
Q

causative agent for HIV/AIDS RELATED PNEUMONIA

A

Pneumocystis carinii (oppurtunistic)

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14
Q

medication for HIV/AIDS

A

Pentamidine and cotrimaxole

stop taking if 800 CD4 or more is achieved

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15
Q

what causes viral pneumonia

A

It results to interstitial pulmonary inflammation

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16
Q

Diseases caught in a hospital setting is called

A

Nosocomial

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17
Q

HIV virus left untreated will result to?

A

AIDS

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18
Q

normal CD 4 amount in the body

A

800 to 1200

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19
Q

CD 4 amount indicating HIV

A

CD 4 below 200

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20
Q

smallest bacteria

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

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21
Q

Sputum test resulting to a RUSTY(reddish brown) sputum indicates

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

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22
Q

Sputum test resulting to a Yellow/ Green sputum indicates

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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23
Q

Sputum test resulting to a jelly-type sputum indicates

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

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24
Q

Number 1 causative agent that causes pneumonia in alcoholic patient

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

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25
Respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which infects the MACROPHAGES o the lungs
Tuberculosis
26
TB in lungs is commonly located at what portion of the lung?
Base of the lung
27
Sign ans symptom of TB
``` Fever Cough that lasts for more than 3 weeks cough with blood chest pain Weight loss Fatigue Night sweats Chills ```
28
Radiographic findings of TB
Coin lesion : Ghon's complex, Ghon's focus
29
Primary coin lesion in children with TB is called?
Ghon's complex
30
Primary coin lesion in adult with TB is called?
Ghon's focus
31
Histologic finding in patient with TB
Langhan cells (multinucleated giant cells)
32
TB lesion that can metastasize via HEMATOLOGIC route affects what organs?
BONE SKIN ORAL CAVITY DISTANT ORGANS
33
TB in bone
Pott's disease
34
TB in bone specifically affects?
SPINE
35
TB in SKIN
Lupus vulgaris
36
TB in oral cavity
Scrofula
37
TB in oral cavity affects what oral structure?
TONGUE
38
Highest peak of TB with fever occurs?
EVENING
39
TB in distant organs such as liver, kidney, pancreas
Miliary tb
40
Deadliest type of tb
Miliary tb
41
Treatment of TB
``` Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol Streptomycin ```
42
TB drug with an adverse effect of red-orange color urine
Rifampin
43
TB drug with an adverse effect of memoryy loss and hepatotoxic
Isoniazid
44
TB drug with an adverse effect of increasing Uric acid
Pyrazinamide
45
TB drug with an adverse effect of eye problems and nephrototoxic
Ethambutol
46
TB drug with an adverse effect of ototoxic effect
Streptomycin
47
Least given drug of for TB
Streptomycin
48
Streptomycin affects what cranial nerves?
CN VIII
49
Reason why Streptomycin is east given for tb
Causes more adverse effect
50
Barrel chested respiratory disease
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease COPD
51
COPD caused by narrowing and obstruction of respiratory airways.
Chronic bronchitis
52
Also known as blue bloater
Chronic bronchitis
53
COPD that may lead to thickening of alveolar walls and hemosiderosis
Chronic bronchitis
54
The most severe complication f Chronic bronchitis
Malignant transforamation
55
Common cancer in the lung
Bronchogenic carcinoma
56
COPD caused by smoking
Pulmonary emphysema
57
Pulmonary emphysema is also known as?
PINK PUFFER
58
What causes congenital emphysema?
Decreased alpha-1 anti-trypsin
59
PE that affects bronchioles of the upper lobes of the lungs
Centrilobular
60
PE that affects bronchioles of the entire lungs
PANACINAR
61
Dysphonia sign
cancer of the larynx
62
Pumonary emphysema when left untreated leads to?
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
63
Respiratory diseases caused by permanent dilataion of bronchi caused by chronic lung infection.
BRONCHIECTASIS
64
Sign and symptom of Bronchiectasis
Hemoptysis | Productive cough with foul odor
65
Hemoptysis is present in?
``` Bronchitis TB Pneumonia Bronchogenic carcinoma Idiopathic carcinoma ```
66
Respiratory disease due to collapsed of alveoli due to lack of surfactants
Atelectiasis
67
Respiratory disease caused by narrowing of the airways of the lungs
ASTHMA
68
Best time of treatment in asthmatic patient
Afternoon
69
Asthma due to pollens and dust
Extrinsic asthma
70
Asthma due to stress
Intrinsic asthma
71
Drug for intrinsic asthma
Steroids
72
environmentally related to lung diseases that result from chronic inhalation of various substance
Pneumoconioses
73
Inhalation of silica dust leads to?
Silicosis
74
Inhalation of asbestos dust leads to?
Asbestosis
75
Inhalation of coal dust leads to?
Anthracosis
76
Inhalation of cotton dust leads to?
Byssinosis
77
Inhalation of sugar cane dust leads to?
Bagassosis
78
Inhalation of tin oxide dust leads to?
Stannosis
79
Which of the following pneumoconiosis can lead to cancer?
Asbestosis > bronchiogenic carcinoma
80
Which of the following pneumoconiosis can lead to TB?
Silicosis
81
Respiratory disease where there is abnormal accumulation of CHLORIDE and chromosome 7
Cystic fibrosis
82
Cystic firbosis left untreated will lead to?
Pneumonia
83
Etiology of Respiratory ACIDOSIS
``` COPD ASTHMA SEVERE PNEUMONIA CNS DEPRESSION ACUTE AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION PNEUMOTHORAX ```
84
Clinical manifestation of Respiratory ACIDOSIS
``` Hypoxia Confusion Anxiety Psychoses Seizure ```
85
Etiology of respiratory ALKALOSIS
Anxiety Hypoxia Pregnancy sepsis
86
Clinical manifestation of Respiratory alkalosis
Dizziness Perioral paresthesia hypotension coma
87
Level of ions in Respiratory acidosis
Increased hydrogen Increase bicarbonate Increased carbon dioxide
88
Level of ions in Respiratory alkalosis
Decreased hydrogen decrease bicarbonate decreased carbon dioxide
89
Level of ions in Metabolic acidosis
Increased hydrogen decreased bicarbonate decreased carbon dioxide
90
Level of ions in metabolic alkalosis
decreased hydrogen increased bicarbonate increased carbon dioxide

Dental Boards Review (34 decks)

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