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Dental Boards Review > Nervous System diseases-Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

Nervous System diseases-Hypersensitivity Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

Form of headache and is the primary disorder of the brain caused by dysfunction of brainstem papthway.

A

Migraine

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2
Q

Cause of migraine

A

Stress

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3
Q

The most common demyelinating disease

A

Multiple sclerosis

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4
Q

A demyelinating disease of the CNS due to damage of white mater.

A

Multiple sclerosis

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5
Q

Most common affected nerve in multiple sclerosis

A

CN II

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6
Q

a relative afferent pupillary defect indicating a decreased pupillary response to light in the affected eye

A

marcus-gunn

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7
Q

Multiple sclerosis triad

A

Scanning speech
Intention tremor
Nystagmus

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8
Q

Dancing eyes

A

Nystagmus

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9
Q

A demyelinatingdisease of PNS in which myelin sheath of neurons is damaged

A

Guillain-barren syndrome

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10
Q

Most common complication after parotidectomy due to damaged of auriculotempora nerve

A

Frey syndrome

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11
Q

Other name for Frey syndrome

A

Gustatory sweating

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12
Q

Sign of frey syndrome

A

Sweating while eating on the temporal area

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13
Q

characterized by rapid degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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14
Q

Pathognomonic sign of Amyotropic Lateral sclerosis

A

Hatchet-Face

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15
Q

Appearance of the face in anxiety reaction

A

Hatchet-face

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16
Q

The most common cause of dementia due to degeneration of neurons in the brain.

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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17
Q

The most common affected part of the brain in alzhaimer’s disease is

A

Hippocampus

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18
Q

Characterized by degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia leading to deficiency in dopamine in CNS

A

Parkinson’s disease

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19
Q

Histologic finding in Parkinson’s disease

A

Lewy bodies in substancia nigra

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20
Q

Treatment of Parkinson’s disease

A

L-dopa with carbidopa

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21
Q

Complication in taking medicines for Parkinson’s disease

A

Schizophrenia

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22
Q

Disease that cuases dementia characterized by the degeneration of striatal neurons, affecting cortical and basal ganglia function.

A

Huntington’ disease

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23
Q

Disease due to an infacrt of the parts of the brain

A

Stroke

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24
Q

Other name for stroke

A

Cerebral infarction

Cerebrovascular accident

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25
Signs and symptoms of stroke
Sudden paralysis and numbness of the body (contralateral)
26
What is the most common structure involved in stroke?
Middle cerebral artery
27
Other name for middle cerebral artery
Lenticulostriae
28
What is the origin of stroke?
Deep vein thrombosis
29
Types of hypersensitivity reactions
Anaphylaxis Cytotoxic type Immune-complex Delayed/cell-mediated hypersensitivity
30
Mediator of Type1 hypersensitivity
IgE
31
Most common type 1 hypersensitivity
Hives
32
Sign of Hay fever
Coryza
33
Coryza means
Runny nose with watery eyes
34
Types of hypersensitivity 1
Hay fever Asthma Hives
35
Other name of Hives
Wheals
36
Mediator of type II hypersensitivity
IgG and IgM
37
Also known as tear drop erythrocyte
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
38
Blue baby
Erythroblastosis fetalis
39
Examples ofTypeII hypersensitivity
Autoimmune hemolytic anema Erythroblastosis fetalis Lichen planus
40
Mediator of type III hypersensitivity
Ag-Ab complex
41
Cell for the Ag-Ab complex
B-cell
42
Hypersensitivity due to incompatible antigen in the body
Arthus reaction
43
Hypersensitivity that develops 1-3 weeks after transfusion of blood
Serum sickness
44
Hypersensitivity that gives Butterfly rash
SLE
45
Rheumatic fever is what type of hypersensitivity
Type 3
46
Rheumatic fever affects what organ
Heart (all layers)
47
Rheumatic fever is associated with?
joint disease
48
It is the defense in our body against parasites, bacteria and fungi.
Delayed/cell-mediated hypersensitivity
49
Delayed/cell-mediated hypersensitivity involves what cells?
NK cells Macrophages
50
Mediator in type IV hypersensitivity
None
51
Types of type IV hypersensitivity
Tuberculosis Contact dermatitis transplant infection EM
52
Common cause of transplant failure
infection
53
Most common hypersensitivity in emergency room?
Type 1 (hives)
54
Most common hypersensitivity in dental practice?
Type IV contact dermatitis
55
Positive to tuberculin test indicates what type of hypersensitivity
Type IV
56
Anemia that affects all blood cells
Aplastic anemia
57
Other name for tuberculin test
Montoux test
58
Diseases with histologic appearance of Councilman bodies including hyaline bodies
Yellow fever | Viral hepatitis
59
Diseases with histologic appearance of Negri bodies
Rabies
60
Diseases with histologic appearance of Cowdry type-A bodies
Yellow fever | Herpes virus
61
Diseases with histologic appearance of Cowdry type B bodies
Adenovirus | Poliovirus
62
Diseases with histologic appearance of Lewy bodies
Parkinson's disease
63
Diseases with histologic appearance of Hirano bodies
Alzheimer's disease
64
Diseases with histologic appearance of Howell-jelly bodies
Megaloblastic anemia | Hemolytic anemia
65
Diseases with histologic appearance of Hectoid bodies
Sickle cell anemia
66
Diseases with histologic appearance of heinz bodies
Thalassemia
67
Diseases with histologic appearance of Mallory bodies
Cirrhosis
68
Diseases with histologic appearance of Psammoma bodies
Dystrophic calcification in meningioma | Papillary serous cystadenoma ovary
69
Diseases with histologic appearance of Lipschutz bodies
Herpes simplex infection
70
Diseases with histologic appearance of Zera bodies
Schwann cell degeneration
71
Diseases with histologic appearance of Creola bodies
Asthma
72
Diseases with histologic appearance of Warthin-frinkeldey bodies
Measles
73
Diseases with histologic appearance of Zenker's waxy hyaline masses
Typhoind fever
74
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Chvostek sign"
Acute hypocalcemia
75
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Trousseau sign"
Acute hypocalcemia
76
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Risus sardonicus"
Tetanus
77
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Cullen sign"
Pancreatitis
78
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Grey-turner's sign"
Pancreatitis
79
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Kernig sign"
Meningitis
80
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Murphy's sign"
Cholecystitis
81
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Levine's sign"
Angina pectoris | Myocardial infarction
82
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Homan's sign"
Thrombophlebitis
83
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Watery-rice stool"
Cholera
84
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Ribbon-like stool"
Hirschsprung's
85
Disease having pathognomonic sign of "Bloody-mucoid stool"
Amoebiasis
86
Tapping of facial nerveelicits abnormal muscle contraction on other side of the face ,is what pathognomonic sign?
Chvostek sign
87
Occlusion of brachial artery induces wrist spasm,is what pathognomonic sign?
Trousseau sign
88
Sustained spasm of facial muscle,is what pathognomonic sign?
Risus sardonicus
89
Ecchymosis around umbilicus ,is what pathognomonic sign?
Cullen's sign
90
Flank ecchymosis ,is what pathognomonic sign?
grey-turner's sign
91
Bend hip and knee then when flexing the knee, it produces pain ,is what pathognomonic sign?
Kernig'ssign
92
Hesitation on inspiration if gallbladder is palpated ,is what pathognomonic sign?
Murphy's sign
93
Clutching of fist on the chest
Levine's sign
94
Bend knee, dorsiflex ankle and pain at popliteal area ,is what pathognomonic sign?
Homan's sign

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