Musculo-Skeletal Diseases Flashcards by soefiea sapphire

Diseased where there is decreased in bone mass due to a change in serum calcium or phosphorus or Vitamin D anddecreased estrogen.

Osteoporosis

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This is the most common cause of fracture in patients older than 60 years old.

Osteoporosis

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Disease where there is increased in bone mass chracterized by a failure of osteoclast to resorb the bone

Osteopetrosis

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Radiographic appearance of Osteopetrosis

Ground-glass

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Disease that results in failure of new bone to mineralize.

Vitamin D deficiency

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Causes of vitamin D deficiency

Decreased dietary phosphate intake
Malabsorption of fats
Decreased sunlight exposure
Kidney failure

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Vitamin D deficiency in children

RICKETS

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Pathognomonic/ radiographic sign of rickets

Rachitic rosary or Pectus carinatum or pigeon chest

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Oral manifestation of rickets

Delayed in eruption and abdnormal dentin

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Vitamin deficiency in adult who are 50 years old and above

Osteomalacia

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Disease caused by defective formation of collagen I

Osteogenesis imperfecta

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Oral manifestation of Oesteogenesis imperfecta

Dentinogenesis imperfecta I

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Pathognomonic sign of osteogenesis imperfecta

Blue sclera

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Reason for a blue sclera in OI

Lack of collagen type I causing reflection of the back of the eye to appear

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Disease characterized by abnormal bone remodeling leading to distortion of bone architecture and cancer of the bone.

Paget’s disease

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Disease common to blindness and deafness and px complains of “I CAN’T WEAR MY HAT”

Paget’s disease

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Primary disease of Paget’s disease

Leontiassis ossea

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Laboratory finding in Paget’s disease

Increased serum alkaline phosphatase

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Increased serum acid phosphatase

prostate cancer

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Radiographic appearance of Paget’s disease

Cotton wool appearance

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Histologic appearance of Paget’s disease

Jigsaw-puzzle appearance

Mossaic pattern

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cancer of the bone

Osteosarcoma

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Systemic condition that requires annual relining of denture base

Paget’s disease

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Bone (head to toe) most commonly affected by Paget

Pelvis

Spine

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Bone in the head and neck most commonly affected by Paget's

Maxilla

Inflammation process of the entire bone, including the cortex and the periosteum recognizing that the pathological process is rarely confined to endosteum

Osteomyelitis

Causative agent of osteomyelitis

S. aureus

Best antibiotic highly concentrated in bone than in serum

Clindamycin

Treatment for Osteomyelitis

Clindamycin

Types of Osetomyelitis

``` Acute suppurative osteomyelitis Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis Garre's chronic non-suppurative sclerosing osteitis ```

A serious sequela of periapical infection that results in diffuse spread of injection

Acute suppurative osteomyelitis

Cause of Acute suppurative osteomyelitis

Dental infection

Radiographic appearance of of Acute suppurative osteomyelitis

Moth-eaten

Histologic finding of Acute suppurative osteomyelitis

Sequestra

Tx of Acute suppurative osteomyelitis

Clindamycin

If Acute suppurative osteomyelitis is left untreated

Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis occurs due to unusual reaction of bone to infection

Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis

Other name of Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis

Condensing osteitis

In contrast to focal type, this disease may occur at any age group and no gender predilection

Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis

Radiographic appearance of Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis

Cotton wool

There is a focal gross thickening of the periosteum with peripheral reactive bone formation resulting from mild reaction or infection

Garre's chronic non-suppurative sclerosing osteitis

Formation of new bone

Involucrum

Radiographic appearnce of Garre's chronic non-suppurative sclerosing osteitis

Onion peel

A rare form of osteomyelitis

Brodie's abscess

It involves subacute or chronic infection of the bone with development of a localized abscess within the metaphysis of long bones

Brodie's abscess

Brodie's abscess is found in?

Osteomyelitis

It is caused by replacement of normal bone with an irregular bone containing fibrous connective tissue

Fibrous dysplasia

Bone with fibrous dysplasia is (brittle, elastic)

Elastic

Radiographic appearance of fibrous dysplasia

ground glass

Pathognomonic sign of fibrous dysplasia

hockey-stick deformity

Other diseases with ground glass appearance

Hyperparathyroidism Osteopetrosis fibrous dysplasia

Bone commonly affected with fibrous dysplasia

Tibia

Histologic feature if fibrous dysplasia

Chinese-character

What 2 diseases of bone predispose to osteosarcoma

Paget's disease | Fibrous dysplasia

Most common fibrous dysplasia that affects one bone

Monostotic

Type of fibrous dysplasia that affects multiple bone

Polyostotic

2 types of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia

McCune-Albright syndrome | Jaffe-Lichenstein syndrome

Fibrous dysplasia affecting multiple bones with endocrine disorders

McCune-Albright syndrome

Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia that affects multiple bones only

Jaffe-Lichenstein syndrome

Pathognomonic sign of McCune-Albright syndrome

Cafe-au-lait spots

Cafe-au-lait in the iris

Lisch spot

Cae-au-lait in the axilla

Crows's sign

diameter of cafe-au-lait spots

>1.6 cm in diameter

Group of diseases that are caused by the proliferation of langerhan's cell

Langerhancell granulomatosis

Other name for Langerhancell granulomatosis

Histiocytosis X

Type of histiocytosis X defined as an acute disseminated form that is fatal in infants.

Letterer-siwe disease

Signs and symptoms of Langerhancell granulomatosis

``` Rash Fever Hemorrhage Splenomegaly Lymphadenopathy ```

Type of histiocytosis X defined as a chronic,disseminated form.

Hand-schuller-christian disease

Triad of Hand-schuller-christian disease

Bone lesion Exophthalmos Diabetes insipidus

Histologic finding of Hand-schuller-christian disease

Birebeck granules

Radiographic appearance of Hand-schuller-christian disease

Multiple punched out

Type of histiocytosis X that is localized and is the least severe form.

Eosinophilic granuloma

Oral manifestation of eosinophilic granuloma

Tooth mobility | periodontitis

Swelling of lymphnodes with pain

Lymphadenopathy

The most common true primary bone tumor

Osteosarcoma

Radiographic appearance of oseteosarcoma

Codman's triangle | Sun-burst

Histologic finding of osteosarcoma

Touton giant cells

Treatment of osteosarcoma

Amputation

Osteosarcoma metastasize in?

Lungs

Osteosarcoma affects what true primary bone?

Long bones

Most common bone affected with osteosarcoma

Femur

True/False. Osteosarcoma does not recur

False

The most common cancer of the bone in children

Metastatic carcinoma

Most common carcinoma in oral cavity

SCC

Number one metastatic site of carcinoma

Bone

Most common site of carcinoma in the head and neck

Angle of mandible

Cancer that affects long bones, cartilage, and nerves

Ewing's sarcoma

Other name of ewing's sarcoma

Round cell myeloma

Radiographic appearnceof Ewing's sarcoma

Onion skin | Moth-eaten

Other diseases with moth-eaten appearance

Burkitt's lymphoma | Osteomyelitis

Disease caused by delayed or abnormal growth of cartilage.

Achrondroplasia

Oral manifestation of achondroplasia

Mandibular prognathism or Class III

Small maxilla in achondroplasia is due to?

Deficiency of maxilla due to underdeveloped nasal cartilage

Second most common primary bone tumor

Chondrosarcoma

Radiographic appearance of Chondrosarcoma

Popcorn-calcification

An autoimmune that causes inflammation of the synnovial membrane

Rheumatoid arthritis

The earliest sign of R.A. is

PANNUS formation

What is Pannus?

Inflammed bursa

Most common form of arthritis

Osteoarthritis

Diseae where there is a formation of bony spurs(osteophyte) at the margins.

Osteoarthritis

Oher name for asteoarthritis

Wear and Tear

Osteoarthritis that affects the proximal joint

Bouchard osteophyte

Osteoarthritis that affects the distal joint

Heberden osteophyte

An autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies to acetylcholine receptors

Myasthenia gravis

Treatment of myasthenia gravis

Neostigmine | Pyridostigmine

Musculo-Skeletal Diseases Flashcards

(105 cards)