GU micro bugs

Question 1

caused by HPV 6 and 11

Answer 1

condylomata acuminata = genital warts (STD)

Question 2

koilocytosis: perinuclear cystoplasmic clearing

Answer 2

HPV infection

Question 3

women initially asymptomatic: cervicitis, urethritis → PID (do have symptoms)
men: urethritis, dysuria, mucopurulent discharge, epidiymitis (unilateral pain, swelling of testicle)
disseminated infection: gonococcal arthritis

Answer 3

gonorrhea: N. gonorrhoeae

Question 4

joint pain in young, sexually active patient

Answer 4

N. gonorrheae

Question 5

if infected with N. gonorrheae, this assume infected with

Answer 5

C. trachomatis D-K

Question 6

most common bacterial STI

Answer 6

C. trachomatis D-K

Question 7

most common viral STI

Answer 7

condyloma acuminata

Question 8

women asymptomatic: cervicitis, urethritis, dysuria → PID
men: urethritis, epididymitis, prostatitis
reactive arthritis
conjunctivitis: infected genital secretions to the eye

Answer 8

C. trachomatis D-K

Question 9

urethritis
arthritis
uveitis

Answer 9

reactive arthritis: most common cause is C. trachomatis D-K

Question 10

lymphogranloma venerum

Answer 10

C. trachomatis L1-L3 (STD)

Question 11

PAINLESS genital ulcer

extends into lymphatics → PAINFUL inguinal LAD (buboes - can rupture)

Answer 11

lymphogranloma venerum: C. trachomatis L1-L3 (STD)

Question 12

STDs that can cause genital ulcers

Answer 12

lymphogranuloma venereum: C. trachomatis L1-L3
HSV (1: cold sores, 2: genital herpes)
chancroid
syphilis

Question 13

PAINFUL vesicles on erythemetous base → erode → become shallow ulcers
if 1° infection: fever, headache, malaise, myalgia

Answer 13

HSV (STD)

Question 14

PAINFUL genital ulcer

PAINFUL inguinal LAD

Answer 14

haemophilus ducreyi: chancroid (STD)

Question 15

PAINFUL ulcers with distinct borders

purulent exudate from ulcers

Answer 15

haemophilus ducreyi: chancroid (STD)

Question 16

G- rod that causes STD

“school of fish” appearance

Answer 16

haemophilus ducreyi: chancroid (STD)

Question 17

chancre: PAINLESS genital ulcer (edges raised)

Answer 17

treponema pallidum: 1° syphilis (STD)

Question 18

spirochete that causes STD

Answer 18

treponema pallidum: syphilis (STD)

Question 19

systemic infection: fever, headache, malaise, general LAD
RASH
CONDYLOMA LATA

Answer 19

treponema pallidum: 2° syphilis (STD)

Question 20

Neurosyphilis: tabes dorsalis, argyll robertson pupil
CV syphilis: aortitis
Gummatous syphilis: gummas

Answer 20

treponema pallidum: 3° syphilis (STD)

Question 21

erythematous macules → become papules

PALMS + SOLES

Answer 21

rash of 2° syphillis

Question 22

flat, smooth, moist white lesions near genitals from STD

Answer 22

condyloma lata: 2° syphilis (STD)

Question 23

granulomatous lesion on skin from STD

Answer 23

gumma: 3° syphilis (STD)

Question 24

PAINLESS ulcers from STD

Answer 24

lymphogranuloma venereum: C. trachomatis L1-L3

syphilis chancre: T. pallidum

Question 25

PAINFUL ulcers from STD

Answer 25

chancroid: H. ducreyi | HSV

Question 26

strawberry cervix

Answer 26

trichomonas vaginalis

Question 27

ascending infection of upper reproductive tract: uterus: endometritis fallopian tube: salpingitis, hydrosalpinx (if tubes blocked with fluid), tubo-ovarian abscess ovary: oophoritis fitz-hugh curtis syndrome: infection of liver capsule - "violin string" adhesions

Answer 27

PID

Question 28

common organisms that can cause PID

Answer 28

infection gets past cervical mucous barrier → allow normal vaginal flora in (polymicrobial) N. gonorrhoeae C. trachomatis

Question 29

pelvic pain, low ab pain cervical motion tenderness "chandelier sign" mucopurulent cervical discharge complications: infertility, chronic pelvic pain, ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

Answer 29

PID

Question 30

treatment for PID

Answer 30

broad spectrum antibiotics

Question 31

common cause of UTIs

Answer 31

G- rods: E. coli (fecal matter)

Question 32

populations prone to UTIs

Answer 32

women children: vesicoureteral reflux urinary tract obstruction (BPH, tumors, stones indwelling catheter bladder dysfunction/stasis: neurogenic bladder in diabetes, spinal cord injury pregnancy immunosuppresion

Question 33

``` dysuria frequency urgency suprapubic pain hematuria ```

Answer 33

cysitis

Question 34

``` cystitis symptoms + fever/chills N/V flank pain CVA tenderness ```

Answer 34

pyelonephritis

Question 35

diagnosis of cystitis/pyelonephritis

Answer 35

confirmed by UA

Question 36

common causes of UTI

Answer 36

``` E.coli -80% Proteus mirabilis Klebsiella pneumoniae Enterobacter G+: staph saprophyticus (2nd most common cause of UTI in young, sexually active women) hospitalized: serratia marcesens pseudomonas ```

Question 37

G- rod "swarming" motility in culture produces urease: struvite stones (fill in renal pelvis and extend into calices "staghorn calculus"

Answer 37

proteus mirabilis

Question 38

function of urease

Answer 38

hydrolyzes urea → ammonia →↑ pH of urine (more alkaline) → struvite stones (magnesium ammonium phosphate)

Question 39

most common type of nosocomial infection

Answer 39

UTI from indwelling catheter

Question 40

catheter-associated UTI in hospital

Answer 40

E.coli (most common) G- rods pseudomonas candida

Question 41

ventilator-associated pneumonia

Answer 41

pseudomonas | s. aureus

Question 42

central line (venous catheter) infections

Answer 42

staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis

Question 43

surgical wound/decubitus ulcers in hospital

Answer 43

s. aureus

Question 44

parenteral nutrition (IV)

Answer 44

candida sepsis

Question 45

outbreak of diarrhea in hospital

Answer 45

C.diff | highly transmissible in hospital