Infectious Disease Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Infectious Disease Deck (53)
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1
Q

Indications for pneumovax

A

> 65yrs
asplenia
Sickle-Cell

2
Q

Tx for hospitalized community acquired pneumonia

A

fluoroquinolone or ceftriaxone

plus macrolide

3
Q

Tx for hospital acquired pneumonia

A

cefepime
imipenem
piperacillin/tazobactam

4
Q

Tx for ventilator assc pneumonia

A

Combo of 3 drugs:
cefepime or piperacillin/tazobactam
aminoglycoside or fluoroquinolone
vancomycin or linezolid

5
Q

Tx for TB

A

postive PPD tx with isoniazid 9 months

active TB tx with RIPE 2 months, INH and rifampin 4 months

6
Q

Major cause of neonatal meningitis

A

group B strep

listeria second

7
Q

Major cause of meningitis with immunocompromised

A

listeria

8
Q

Prophylaxis for meningitis

A

rifampin or ceftriaxone

9
Q

Bugs causing encephalitis (4)

A

HSV
West Nile (arboviruses)
polio
toxoplasmosis

10
Q

Tx for cerebral edema

A

hyperventilation
osmotic diuresis (for ischemia)
steroids (for tumors)

11
Q

Causes of LFTs >500 (3)

A

viral hepatitis
shock liver
drug induced hepatitis

12
Q

Dx for botulism

A

toxin in serum/stool

13
Q

Tx for botulism

A

antitoxin

14
Q

Dx for UTI

A
nitrate (+) shows gram negative enterobacteria
leukocyte esterase (+) shows pyuria
15
Q

Tx for uncomplicated UTI

A

TMP-SMX
nitrofurantoin
fosfomycin
ciprofloxacin

16
Q

Tx for UTI in pregnancy

A

ampicillin
amoxicillin
cephalosporin

17
Q

Tx for pyelonephritis

A

TMP-SMX for gram (-) rods
amoxicillin for gram (+) cocci
complicated tx with ampicillin + gentamicin/ciprofloxacin

18
Q

Tx for prostatitis

A

fluoroquinolone

19
Q

Tx for gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone

20
Q

Most common STD and tx

A

chlamydia

tx=doxycycline or azithromycin

21
Q

Disseminated gonococcal infection sx

A

fever
tenosynovitis
migratory polyarthritis/septic arthritis
rash on extremities

22
Q

Tx for AIDS

A

2 NRTIs

1 PI or NNRTI

23
Q

Tx for chanroid

A

azithromycin or ceftriaxone

24
Q

Tx for lymphogranuloma venerum

A

doxycycline

25
Q

Cause and tx of erysipelas

A

group A strep

tx=penicillin or erythromycin

26
Q

Causes of necrotizing fascitis

A

strep pyogenes

C. perfringens

27
Q

Tx for tetanus

A

diazepam for tetany

toxoid immunization and tetanus Igs

28
Q

Dx of osteomyelitis

A

MRI is best
PET scan
x-ray will take 10 days to see

29
Q

Infective arthritis causes

A

staph aureus most common
gonorrhea in sexually active adults
pseudomonas/salmonella in Sickle-Cell and IV drug users

30
Q

Dx of acute infective arthritis

A

> 50,000 WBC on joint aspiration

31
Q

Complications of Lyme’s disease (5)

A
encephalitis
Bell's palsy
AV block/pericarditis
arthritis
acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (purple spots on ext legs)
32
Q

Tx for Lyme’s

A

doxycycline 21 days

amoxicillin/erythromycin for kids or pregnancy

33
Q

Sx of Rocky Mt Spotted Fever (4)

A

myalgias
HA/photophobia
papular rash 5 days after fever (spreads in)
interstitial pneumonitis

34
Q

Dx of RMSF

A

elevated LFTs

thrombocytopenia

35
Q

Tx for RMSF

A

doxycycline

chloramphenicol for CNS sx or pregnancy

36
Q

Prophylaxis for malaria

A

mefloquine

37
Q

Incubation for rabies

A

30-90 days

38
Q

Dx of rabies

A

Ab titers increase 4x
Negri bodies
PCR of RNA

39
Q

Tx for rabies

A

passive and active immunizations

40
Q

Sx of leptospirosis

A

elevated LFTs
vasculitis
renal/liver failure

41
Q

Sx of ehrlichiosis

A

fever
rash
GI bleeding/renal problems

42
Q

Sx of tularemia

A

ulcer at site of bite
painful LAN
HA/fever

43
Q

Complication of chronic coxiella

A

endocarditis

44
Q

Sx of bartonella

A

LAN

lymphadenitis

45
Q

Dx of cryptococcus

A

LP
latex agglutinins in CSF
India Ink smear shows encapsulated yeast

46
Q

Sx of blastomycosis

A

pneumonia
LAN
wart like lesions
arthralgia/myalgia

47
Q

Sx of histoplasmosis

A

erythema nodosum
hepatosplenomegaly
flu sx
mediastinitis

48
Q

Sx of cryptosporidium

A

chronic watery diarrhea in AIDS pts

49
Q

Sx of amebiasis

A

bloody diarrhea
tenesmus
liver abscesses

50
Q

Sx of schistomiosis mansoni

A

diarrhea

liver fibrosis/portalHTN

51
Q

Causes of neutropenic fever (4)

A

bone marrow failure (chemo drugs)
bone marrow invasion
SLE/AIDS
isolated neutropenia from drugs

52
Q

Complications of EBV (5)

A
hepatitis
Guillian-Barre
Bell's palsy
splenic rupture
thrombocytopenia
53
Q

Sx of EBV (6)

A
high fever (104F)
lymphadenopathy
pharygneal exudate
splenomegaly
maculopapular rash
palatal petechiae