Infectious Disease

Question 1

Indications for pneumovax

Answer 1

> 65yrs
asplenia
Sickle-Cell

Question 2

Tx for hospitalized community acquired pneumonia

Answer 2

fluoroquinolone or ceftriaxone

plus macrolide

Question 3

Tx for hospital acquired pneumonia

Answer 3

cefepime
imipenem
piperacillin/tazobactam

Question 4

Tx for ventilator assc pneumonia

Answer 4

Combo of 3 drugs:
cefepime or piperacillin/tazobactam
aminoglycoside or fluoroquinolone
vancomycin or linezolid

Question 5

Tx for TB

Answer 5

postive PPD tx with isoniazid 9 months

active TB tx with RIPE 2 months, INH and rifampin 4 months

Question 6

Major cause of neonatal meningitis

Answer 6

group B strep

listeria second

Question 7

Major cause of meningitis with immunocompromised

Answer 7

listeria

Question 8

Prophylaxis for meningitis

Answer 8

rifampin or ceftriaxone

Question 9

Bugs causing encephalitis (4)

Answer 9

HSV
West Nile (arboviruses)
polio
toxoplasmosis

Question 10

Tx for cerebral edema

Answer 10

hyperventilation
osmotic diuresis (for ischemia)
steroids (for tumors)

Question 11

Causes of LFTs >500 (3)

Answer 11

viral hepatitis
shock liver
drug induced hepatitis

Question 12

Dx for botulism

Answer 12

toxin in serum/stool

Question 13

Tx for botulism

Answer 13

antitoxin

Question 14

Dx for UTI

Answer 14

nitrate (+) shows gram negative enterobacteria
leukocyte esterase (+) shows pyuria

Question 15

Tx for uncomplicated UTI

Answer 15

TMP-SMX
nitrofurantoin
fosfomycin
ciprofloxacin

Question 16

Tx for UTI in pregnancy

Answer 16

ampicillin
amoxicillin
cephalosporin

Question 17

Tx for pyelonephritis

Answer 17

TMP-SMX for gram (-) rods
amoxicillin for gram (+) cocci
complicated tx with ampicillin + gentamicin/ciprofloxacin

Question 18

Tx for prostatitis

Answer 18

fluoroquinolone

Question 19

Tx for gonorrhea

Answer 19

ceftriaxone

Question 20

Most common STD and tx

Answer 20

chlamydia

tx=doxycycline or azithromycin

Question 21

Disseminated gonococcal infection sx

Answer 21

fever
tenosynovitis
migratory polyarthritis/septic arthritis
rash on extremities

Question 22

Tx for AIDS

Answer 22

2 NRTIs

1 PI or NNRTI

Question 23

Tx for chanroid

Answer 23

azithromycin or ceftriaxone

Question 24

Tx for lymphogranuloma venerum

Answer 24

doxycycline

Question 25

Cause and tx of erysipelas

Answer 25

group A strep | tx=penicillin or erythromycin

Question 26

Causes of necrotizing fascitis

Answer 26

strep pyogenes | C. perfringens

Question 27

Tx for tetanus

Answer 27

diazepam for tetany | toxoid immunization and tetanus Igs

Question 28

Dx of osteomyelitis

Answer 28

MRI is best PET scan x-ray will take 10 days to see

Question 29

Infective arthritis causes

Answer 29

staph aureus most common gonorrhea in sexually active adults pseudomonas/salmonella in Sickle-Cell and IV drug users

Question 30

Dx of acute infective arthritis

Answer 30

>50,000 WBC on joint aspiration

Question 31

Complications of Lyme's disease (5)

Answer 31

``` encephalitis Bell's palsy AV block/pericarditis arthritis acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (purple spots on ext legs) ```

Question 32

Tx for Lyme's

Answer 32

doxycycline 21 days | amoxicillin/erythromycin for kids or pregnancy

Question 33

Sx of Rocky Mt Spotted Fever (4)

Answer 33

myalgias HA/photophobia papular rash 5 days after fever (spreads in) interstitial pneumonitis

Question 34

Dx of RMSF

Answer 34

elevated LFTs | thrombocytopenia

Question 35

Tx for RMSF

Answer 35

doxycycline | chloramphenicol for CNS sx or pregnancy

Question 36

Prophylaxis for malaria

Answer 36

mefloquine

Question 37

Incubation for rabies

Answer 37

30-90 days

Question 38

Dx of rabies

Answer 38

Ab titers increase 4x Negri bodies PCR of RNA

Question 39

Tx for rabies

Answer 39

passive and active immunizations

Question 40

Sx of leptospirosis

Answer 40

elevated LFTs vasculitis renal/liver failure

Question 41

Sx of ehrlichiosis

Answer 41

fever rash GI bleeding/renal problems

Question 42

Sx of tularemia

Answer 42

ulcer at site of bite painful LAN HA/fever

Question 43

Complication of chronic coxiella

Answer 43

endocarditis

Question 44

Sx of bartonella

Answer 44

LAN | lymphadenitis

Question 45

Dx of cryptococcus

Answer 45

LP latex agglutinins in CSF India Ink smear shows encapsulated yeast

Question 46

Sx of blastomycosis

Answer 46

pneumonia LAN wart like lesions arthralgia/myalgia

Question 47

Sx of histoplasmosis

Answer 47

erythema nodosum hepatosplenomegaly flu sx mediastinitis

Question 48

Sx of cryptosporidium

Answer 48

chronic watery diarrhea in AIDS pts

Question 49

Sx of amebiasis

Answer 49

bloody diarrhea tenesmus liver abscesses

Question 50

Sx of schistomiosis mansoni

Answer 50

diarrhea | liver fibrosis/portalHTN

Question 51

Causes of neutropenic fever (4)

Answer 51

bone marrow failure (chemo drugs) bone marrow invasion SLE/AIDS isolated neutropenia from drugs

Question 52

Complications of EBV (5)

Answer 52

``` hepatitis Guillian-Barre Bell's palsy splenic rupture thrombocytopenia ```

Question 53

Sx of EBV (6)

Answer 53

``` high fever (104F) lymphadenopathy pharygneal exudate splenomegaly maculopapular rash palatal petechiae ```